Rooyesh-e- Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)

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This study examined the effectiveness of group interventions program based on the parent – child relationship on mothers parenting children (ages 8-11) with ADHD. This is a trial  study based on pretest -post test plan، the research population  consisted of all  mothers of children (ages 8-11)  with ADHD calling on  the centre of pediatrics، vanak and rahe sabz clinics during 2013-2014، by considering drop members. From all mothers referred centre of pediatrics، vanak and rahe sabz clinics the study samples included 30 mothers selected randomly and divided into control and experimental groups. The mothers of the experimental group have been trained during 10 sessions by group intervention program based on the parent–child relationship based on Landreth pattern. Data was collected via Arnold parenting Scale and Child Behavior Checklist Parent form (CBCL). Collected data was analyzed by U Mann-Whitney test. Results revealed program interventions based on the relationship of parent-child significantly on mothers parenting child with ADHD in experimental group compared with control one. According to these findings we may  concluded that group intervention program based on parent–child  relationship can have  beneficial treatment effects on Improvement of mothers parenting child with ADHD.

                                                 

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The present study aimed to investigate the role of parasocial interaction with celebrities and to worship them in the prediction of cognitive dissonance. The research design was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of students of the faculty of psychology and educational sciences of the University of Tehran in 1397-98. In this study, 200 girl and boy students (100 girl students and 100 boy students) were selected by convenience sampling method. For collecting data, celebrity parasocial interaction scale (Bocarnea & Brown, 2007), Celebrity worship attitude scale (McCutcheon et al., 2002) and researcher-made questionnaire of celebrity-related cognitive dissonance were used. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and enter multiple regressions. The results indicated that the parasocial interaction with celebrities and worshiping them are correlated with celebrity-related cognitive dissonance positively. Also, parasocial interaction with celebrities and worshiping them can predict celebrity-related cognitive dissonance significantly. According to the results, parasocial interaction with celebrities and worshiping them are critical factors in cognitive dissonance. In other words, increasing of interacting with celebrities leads to increases in cognitive dissonances of celebrity worshipers against aversive cognitions about their favorite celebrities.

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Symptoms of impulsivity, attention deficit, academic and social problems indicate signs of a disorder called attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. With the growing interest in the last two decades to investigate the environmental factors in the etiology of this disorder, the importance of the family field and the parent and child attachment style has been considered; in the meantime, the construction of the reflective functioning (operational definition of metallization) is considered as a part of the attachment. The present study investigates the existing knowledge in the field of attachment style and reflective functioning in people with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and their parents, which is a systematic type of narrative. In this study, the available resources were received until 2020 by searching for the keywords of reflective functioning, metallization, attachment, attention deficit, and hyperactivity, and parenting and were finally reviewed after selection. Studies show that there is a relationship between attachment style and reflective functioning of children and their parents with the symptoms of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.