Rooyesh-e- Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)

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The present article aims investigate the motivational system to attract students and development sporting activities they performed. Researchers have tried to find solutions in order to attract and develop the most motivated students in sporting activities creates And motivational systems to attract and develop students in sports activities is inefficient.

A questionnaire was used to collect information.  its validity was confirmed by the judgment. Alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.9, The reliability of the questionnaire had also been confirmed. To determine the mass of the sample Community 112,654 spectators who students in Semnan Morgan & KREJCIE used the table, The number of 384 students were selected. Friedman's test data for analysis software SPSS was used.

Results indicated a lack of appropriate classes and sports facilities,   notional of the effects of exercise in a healthy and the highest rating factors such as concern over the damage, interest in lead the team, increasing confidence to have the lowest score.

Among the factors that cause motivated students to become sports activities, physical need is most effective and need to power the least effect. So appropriate incentive system to attract students to the exciting sports due to the physical needs are provided, Designed to parents and students to be introduced.

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Psychological stress is common in many chronic diseases, and considerable evidence suggests its role as a serious risk factor in the etiology and course of diabetes. Therefore, the present study aimed to systematically review and Qualitative meta-analysis on the role of stress in the etiology of diabetes in Iran and other countries. The data in this qualitative meta-analysis was all articles and theses related to keywords and in line with the purpose of the research. Database searches were conducted between 2010 and 2019 with keywords such as systematic review, Qualitative meta-analysis, stress, diabetes as well as searches based on the amount of citations of researchers in this field. The analysis of the findings of the researches showed that the researches have both significant and prominent features both structurally and methodologically and in terms of content. All researches that were analyzed and evaluated in the present study included 35 researches, out of which were 94.28% article research, and 5.71 were dissertations. The findings of the study showed that the most research was in the period 2016-2019, with 24 (68.57%) researches. The results of the present meta-analysis indicated that stress and diabetes interacted through cognitive, behavioral, physiological and biochemical systems and could interact bilaterally. Stress can affect self-regulation and self-control by controlling eating and diet-related behaviors in diabetic patients, resulting in lack of glycemic control and exacerbation of physical and psychological problems in these patients. Stress can also exacerbate the problems of diabetic patients with irregular sleep, inactivity and overeating. In fact, the relationship between stress and diabetes is a two-way relationship, each of which can cause the other to lose control of the situation and lead to damaging physical and psychological damage. The findings of the present study could provide psychologists, counselors, and mental health professionals with the opportunity to discuss and design appropriate treatment protocols to reduce the negative consequences of diabetes, to make more choices for the treatment of various types of cognitive impairment. and the psychology of these patients.

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Psychological problems, particularly depression and mental well-being, are important issues in the psychology of people with particular problems, especially people with disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positivism training based on positive psychology on depression and mental well-being in people with physical-motor disability. This study had a semi-experimental method, including pre-­test and post-­test, with the control group. The study population consisted of all persons with physical-motor disability in Shiraz. Sixty patients were selected based on the Beck Depression Inventory and Clinical Interview and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received eight sessions with 90 minutes of the positivism training based on positive psychology, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Both groups completed the Depression Inventory and Diner’s subjective ‎well-being at pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The results showed that positivism training significantly ‎decreased depression and negative affect and increased subjective well-being in people with disabilities. This study's findings can provide a practical plan to be used by counselors and psychologists to improve the mental health of people with special disabilities, especially those with physical-motor disabilities

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The prevalence of single-parent families has increased significantly in recent years. Children born in single-parent families are prone to more problems. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to review the comparison of the children of single and non-single parent families. This study was conducted in a Systematic Review. On indexing sites “Magiran.com، Sid.ir، Ensani.ir، Noormags.ir، Irandoc.ac.ir” searched the keyword, Single parents, Single-parent families and Maternal caregiver. Each keyword was searched in combination with the prefix of children, children, and adolescents to accurately identify keywords. Out of 632 articles found, 23 articles were selected for review. The results of this study showed that comparisons can be divided into four categories of psychological characteristics, mental health, behavioral disorders, and social skills. Generally, the results showed that children in non-single parent families were better than single-parent children. Comparative studies have produced significant results in identifying single-parent families, which with Considering this information can provide solutions to the well-being of these families.

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High-risk behaviors are one of the most important factors in the tendency to crime. It is very imperative to identify the factors which are able to prevent or reduce these behaviors. On that basis, the present study was performed to investigate the relationship between perceived social support and high-risk behaviors in adolescents. The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population consisted of all male and female high school students in public schools of Qazvin in the 2019-2020 academic year. 340 students (173 girls and 167 boys) were selected as samples by stage cluster sampling method and responded to the Perceived Social Support Scale and Riskiness Scale in Iranian Adolescents. Data were analyzed using focal correlation analysis by the Spss-22 Software. Results showed a significant positive relationship between perceived social support and high-risk behaviors. The family support component was the strongest predictor of high-risk behaviors include drug, smoking, and violence factors in adolescents. This means that the more family support in adolescents, the less drug, cigarette use, and violence they experience. Considering the significant role of perceived family support in adolescent high-risk behaviors, the study results can be used in interventions and training in child and adolescent clinics and family education courses.

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Rheumatic disorders are among the most prevalent chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, and they can affect a wide range of age groups. Encompassing a large number of arthritis and autoimmune diseases, they can affect the bones, joints, and other components of the musculoskeletal system, causing morbidity or disability with resultant healthcare utilization. Therefore, the present study aimed to systematically review and Qualitative meta-analysis on the Principles and methods of adaptation to Rheumatic disorders. The data in this qualitative meta-analysis was all articles and theses related to keywords and in line with the purpose of the research. All researches that were analyzed and evaluated in the present study included 16 researches. Our analysis of the scientific literature leads us to the conclusions that, rheumatism necessitates adjustment in multiple life domains; both positive and negative indicators of adjustment are relevant; adjustment is not static but rather represents a process that unfolds over time; adjustment cannot be described adequately without reference to the individual’s context; and heterogeneity in adjustment is the rule rather than the exception. The findings of the present study could provide psychologists, counselors, and mental health professionals with the opportunity to discuss and design appropriate treatment protocols to reduce the negative consequences of diabetes, to make more choices for the treatment of various types of cognitive impairment. and the psychology of these patients.

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Covid-19 pandemic had global effects on chronic patients, health systems, and the future of treatments. Among the chronic patients, people who have cancer are identifying as a vulnerable group because of their malignancy and suppressive treatments which weaken their immune system. The present descriptive-analytic article, which is conducted from studying various recent articles in Persian and English databases using the keywords cancer, coronavirus, digital treatments, diagnosis, screening, and cancer treatment, focuses on the perception of cancer patients from a covid-19 pandemic, the status of screening and diagnostic tests and the future perspective of health systems from 2019 to 2020. Cancer patients’ approach toward pandemics is on a spectrum, from anxiety and depression to feeling of peace with control and self-efficacy. Furthermore, cancer associations report that the rate of screening has been significantly decreased while it can increase the risk of metastasis in upcoming decades. However, not all treatment postpones are dangerous. It is noteworthy that cancer patients are time-sensitive, hence the health system is better to consider digital and technological treatment alternatives to minimize the patient presence in medical centers. eHealth and telemedicine had significant progress after the coronavirus pandemic and facilitate the delivery of services for patients and professionals, while the public opinion is positive about it.

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Due to the direct and indirect effects of coronavirus on various aspects of life, the aim of this study was to identify the lived experiences of healthy spouses during the Coronavirus pandemic. The method was qualitative of phenomenological type. The study population was all spouses in Tehran who have not been infected with the disease since the beginning of the coronavirus outbreak. The sample consisted of 9 healthy spouses who entered the study by convenience sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, then implemented verbatim and analyzed by the seven-step Colaizzi method. In this study, 4 main themes were identified: worries, personal reactions, changes in social relations, change of perspective. According to the findings, it can be said that the lives of the spouses are severely affected by this disease. it is necessary to provide support systems for healthy spouses according to their circumstances.

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Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is introduced as new eating and eating disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5), and is a relatively new diagnostic category of eating and eating disorders. People with ARFID avoid or are uninterested in food for various reasons, not because of a desire to lose weight or a body image disorder. The occurrence of such a disorder in children due to their developmental period can lead to irreversible medical complications and functional-social disorders. Since the definition of this disorder, studies on the prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome in the pediatric population have been very limited, so the purpose of this article is to describe and clarify the diagnostic criteria, clinical manifestations, prevalence, etiology, consequences, prevention, and treatment of ARFID restriction in children. It is hoped that the theoretical basis for further research, parental awareness, and support and knowledge for better diagnosis and treatment by therapists will be provided.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of mindfulness in relation to personality traits and body image concerns among female students. The present study was a descriptive-correlational study of path analysis. The statistical population of the study included all female students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad who were studying at the undergraduate and graduate levels in the academic year 1399-1400. The statistical sample of this study was 509 people who were selected by available means due to the prevalence of corona and the virtual nature of the university. Data collection was the Hexaco Personality Questionnaire (HEXACO_60, Ashton and Lee, 2009), the Mindfulness Scale (MAAS, Brown and Ryan, 2003), and the Littleton Body image concern Questionnaire (BICI, Littleton et al., 2005). Data analysis of this study was performed by path analysis using SPSS 26 and AMOS 24 software. The results showed that the model fits well. Findings showed that personality traits have a direct effect on body image concerns in girls (P = 0.001) and also have an indirect effect on body image concerns (P = 0.001) through the mediating role of mindfulness. Consequently, mindfulness interventions are helpful for people with body image concerns who have the personality traits of conscientiousness, emotionality, extraversion, and honesty.

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The purpose of this research was to predict the flourishing of students based on moral intelligence, wisdom, and critical thinking with regard to the mediator role of hope. The descriptive-correlational research method was structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all the students of the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Iran University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 2020-2021, numbering 740 people, out of which 384 people were selected by the available sampling method. To collect data from Soleimani's flourishing questionnaire (FQ), moral intelligence (MIQ) Link and Keel (2007), wisdom (WQ) Webster (2003), critical thinking (CTQ) Fashion (1990) and hope (HQ) of Snyder and et al (2000) was used. In order to analyze the data, structural equation analysis was used. The results of the research showed that the direct effects of moral intelligence, wisdom, and critical thinking on flourishing were significant (p<0.001). On the other hand, moral intelligence, wisdom, and critical thinking were indirectly related to flourishing through hope (p<0.001). The goodness of fit indices also indicated the appropriate fit of the model. Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that moral intelligence, wisdom, and critical thinking with the mediation of hope can determine the prosperity model.

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The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of functional psychoanalytic treatment on attachment styles and primary maladaptive schemas in women affected by marital infidelity. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all women affected by marital infidelity who were referred to the counseling centers of District 5 of Tehran in 2021. Based on this, 30 women were selected by random sampling and 15 were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group. The data collection tools in this research were the Hazan & Shaver Adult Attachment Style Questionnaire (AASQ, 1987) and Young's Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-SF, 1998). the functional analytical psychotherapy protocol in 12 sessions of 90 minutes, twice a week A group was conducted for the experimental group. To analyze the data, the multivariate covariance test (MANCOVA) was used. The research findings showed that the pre-test effect between the post-test mean in attachment styles and initial maladaptive schemas was controlled. There was a significant difference at 0.05 in the two experimental and control groups. As a result, functional psychoanalytic therapy can be effective as an effective intervention for women affected by marital infidelity.

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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of pain acceptance and self-efficacy in the relationship between the tendency to addiction and difficulty in emotion regulation in patients with cancer. The current research was descriptive-correlation based on path analysis. The statistical population included all the cancer patients of Arak City in 2019-2020, out of which 215 people were selected by purposive sampling. The patients completed a battery of questionnaires including Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS, Gratzz & Roemer, 2004), Chronic  Pain Acceptance Questionaire (CPAQ, Aclestoon & Carken, 2004), Pain Self-Efficacy Questionaire (PSEQ, Nicholas, 2007) and Tendency to Addiction Questionaire (TAQ, Weed & Yacher, 1992). Data were analyzed by path analysis. Path analysis results showed that pain acceptance and pain self-efficacy had a direct and negative impact on addiction tendency (P< 0.01).  Difficulties in emotion regulation have a positive and indirect with addiction via pain acceptance and pain self-efficacy (P < 0.01). Fit indices also indicated approval of the suggested model. This suggests that pain acceptance and pain self-efficacy play a mediating role in the relationship between difficulties in emotion regulation and the tendency to addiction.

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The present study was conducted to predict physical literacy and movement motivation based on internet addiction among female primary school students. The method of this research was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population included all working female students studying in elementary schools in Tehran in the academic year of 2021-2022, 438 of whom were selected as a sample using G Power software. Internet addiction questionnaire (IAQ) by Chen (2003), physical literacy (PHIQ) by Longmire et al (2017), and movement motivation (MMQ) by Nazarpuri et al (2019) were used to collect data. Pearson's correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that there is a significant negative relationship between Internet addiction with physical literacy and movement motivation (p<0.05). The results of regression analysis showed that 25% of changes in physical literacy and movement motivation were explained through Internet addiction. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that Internet addiction is an important predictor of physical literacy and movement motivation in students.

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Emotion regulation is one of the topics of interest to many researchers which has been studied from various aspects and has a long antiquity in human history. Emotion regulation means the external and internal processes that are responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and improving a person's emotional responses to achieve their goals. Generally, the aim of the present study is a narrative review of the emotion regulation structure and its role in psychopathology and mental disorders. The present study was conducted by searching databases including Pub Med, Science Direct, Scopus, and ResearchGate with keywords emotion, emotion regulation, and emotion management, and it has been done by reviewing the studies published between 1990 and 2023. 6781 articles were found in the initial search. Articles that were summaries of articles, and short reports without access to the full text of the article were excluded from the study, and 82 articles were selected from the remaining articles following the purpose of the research. A review of the research shows that there is no consensus regarding the definition of the structure of emotion regulation and emphasis on the very important and key role of this structure in psychopathology, health and illness of people and some disorders such as depression, social anxiety, and schizophrenia have a direct relationship with the constant use of some specific emotion regulation strategies. In addition, a review of the research conducted on the role of emotion regulation in psychopathology and mental disorders shows the need for more research on the role of emotion regulation in some mental disorders, including personality disorders.

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The present study was conducted to determine the mediating role of self-criticism in the relationship between self-compassion and forgiveness and marital burnout in married people.  This descriptive-correlation research was of structural equation modeling type. The statistical population of this research was the married people of Isfahan city in 1402. The final sample size was considered to be 220 people. Sampling was done in an accessible manner based on an online survey. To collect data, self-compassion scale (SCS; Neff, 2003), forgiveness scale (FS; Rye et al, 2001), marital burnout questionnaire (CBM; Pines, 1996), and level of self-criticism scale (LOSC, Thompson and Zurof, 2004) were used. The results showed that the proposed model is a good fit. The findings of the research showed that self-compassion has a negative and significant relationship with marital burnout and self-criticism, also there is a negative and significant relationship between forgiveness and marital boredom, and self-criticism has a positive and significant relationship with marriage (P<0.05). Boredom (P<0.05). Other results showed that self-criticism plays a mediating role in the relationship between self-compassion and forgiveness with marital burnout (P<0.05). Based on this, it can be concluded that self-pity and forgiveness directly or mediate self-criticism on marital burnout.