fa اثربخشی تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم فراجمجمه ای بر مه مغزی مبتلایان به کووید-19 طولانی: مطالعه مبتنی بر الکتروانسفالوگرافی کمی نوروسایکولوژی Neuropsychology كاربردي Applicable <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 76.9pt 172.75pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم فراجمجمه&shy;ای (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">tDCS</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) بر مه&shy;مغزی مبتلایان به کووید-19 طولانی انجام شد. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روش پژوهش حاضر نیمه&shy;آزمایشی با طرح پیش&shy;آزمون-پس&shy;آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">جامعه آماری پژوهش را تمام بیماران مبتلا به</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مه مغزی ناشی از کووید-19 طولانی</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مراجعه‌کننده به کلینیک‌های روانپزشکی و روانشناسی شهر کرمان در سال 1402 تشکیل دادند. از بین آن&shy;ها</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">&nbsp;30</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> بیمار (19 زن و 11 مرد) </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">به شیوه هدفمند انتخاب و به طور تصادفی در گروه آزمایش و کنترل (هر گروه شامل 15 نفر) گمارده شدند. در گروه آزمایش، شرکت‌کنندگان به مدت 15 جلسه (3 جلسه در هفته و هر</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">جلسه 40 دقیقه)، تحت درمان </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">tDCS</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> قرار گرفتند و</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> گروه کنترل تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم فراجمجمه&shy;ای شم را دریافت کردند.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> به منظور بررسی </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">امواج </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مغزی دخیل در مه مغزی شرکت‌کنندگان، قبل و پس از درمان، الکتروانسفالوگرافی کمی</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">QEEG</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> از 19 مکان مغز آن&shy;ها ثبت و </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">داده&shy;ها با استفاده از </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">t</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> تست وابسته و تحلیل کوواریانس یک راهه&nbsp; در نرم&shy;افزار آماری </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">SPSS-26</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> تحلیل شدند. نتایج به دست آمده از بررسی تغییرات امواج مغزی نشان داد که </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">tDCS</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">باعث</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> کاهش امواج دلتا و تتا در </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مناطق پیشین (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Fz</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Fp1</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Fp2</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">F3</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">F4</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">میانی مغز ( </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Cz</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C3</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">C4</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> بهبودی مه مغزی در سطح معنی&shy;داری می&shy;شود (0.05</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">p<</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">). این نتایج بر اثربخشی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">tDCS</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> جهت کاهش فزون&shy;کنشی امواج آهسته در نواحی قدامی و مرکزی مغز و بهبود مه مغزی بیماران مبتلا به کرونا تأکید دارد</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:right 76.9pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The present study was conducted </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">to determine</span></span><span lang="" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> the effectiveness of transcranial </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">direct current stimulation </span></span><span lang="" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(tDCS) </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">on brain fog in patients with long COVID-19</span></span><span lang="" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">. </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The present research method was</span></span><span lang="" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study was made up of all patients suffering from brain fog caused by prolonged </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">long COVID-19 </span></span><span lang="" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">referring to psychiatry and psychology clinics in Kerman in 2023. Among them, 30 patients (19 women and 11 men) were selected purposefully and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). In the experimental group, the subjects were treated with tDCS for 15 sessions (3 sessions per week, and each session was 40 minutes), and the control group received sham tDCS. To investigate the brain waves involved in the subjects&#39; brain fog was recorded quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) from 19 locations of their brains before and after the treatment </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">and </span></span><span lang="" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">the data were analyzed using </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">dependent t-test</span></span></span></span><span lang="" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> and one-way analysis of covariance in SPSS-26 statistical software. The results obtained from the study of brain wave changes showed that tDCS reduced delta and theta waves in the anterior (Fz, Fp1, Fp2, F3, and F4) and midbrain (Cz, C3 and C4) regions and improved brain fog at a mean level (p<0.05) These results emphasize the effectiveness of tDCS to reduce the hyperactivity of slow waves in the anterior and central regions of the brain and to improve the brain fog of corona patients.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> تحریک الکتریکی مستقیم فراجمجمه­ ای, مه مغزی, الکتروانسفالوگرافی کمی, کووید-19 طولانی. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), Brain Fog, Quantitativeelecroencephalography (QEEG), Long COVID-19. 221 230 http://frooyesh.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-11441-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohsen Saeidmanesh محسن سعید منش Mohsen.sau1400@gmail.com 4431880879 100319475328460069419 No Associate Professor, Department of psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Science and Arts university, Yazd, Iran. دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران. Raziyeh Baniasadi راضیه بنی اسدی rb137613@gmail.com 2980913146 100319475328460069420 Yes M.Sc in clinical Psychology, Department of psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Science and Arts university, Yazd, Iran. کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران. Mahdiyeh Azizi مهدیه عزیزی Azizimahdiyeh1367@gmail.com 5519982023 100319475328460069421 No Department of psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Science and Arts university, Yazd, Iran. گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه علم و هنر، یزد، ایران. Mahjoubeh Pourebrahimi محجوبه پورابراهیمی m.pourebrahimi.psy@gmail.com 3071863391 100319475328460069422 No Ph.D Candidate in Clinical Psychology, Department of psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. دانشجوی دکترای روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم­تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.