@article{ author = {Nikan, Abdolsamad and LotfiKashani, Farah and Vaziri, Shahram and Mojtabaie, Mi}, title = {Comparison of paradoxical timetable and cognitive behavioral therapy on worry and rumination of individuals with social anxiety}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was a comparison of the effectiveness of paradoxical timetable and cognitive behavioral therapy on concern and rumination of individuals with social anxiety disorder. The population of the present study consisted of individuals diagnosed with social anxiety disorder in Tehran and Gorgan that of these, 45 were selected by available sampling method and were replaced in one control group and two experimental groups. The instruments used in the study included the Penn State Concern Questionnaire (Zeinberg & Barlow, 1990) and the Ruminant Response Scale (Nolen, 1989). Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of worry and rumination in the paradox timetable and cognitive-behavioral therapy group compared to the control group. Also, despite the paradoxical timetable relative superiority over cognitive-behavioral therapy, there was no significant difference in worry and rumination scores in the post-test and follow-up stages (p> 0.05). Based on the results of this study, it can be said that the treatment of paradoxical timetables and cognitive-behavioral has reduced the symptoms of worry and rumination in individuals with social anxiety disorder.   }, Keywords = {Paradoxical Timetable, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Worry, Rumination, Social Anxiety Disorder.}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-14}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2739-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2739-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {AbdiZarrin, Sohrab and Shahmoradi, Roghayeh and Jafari, Zahr}, title = {Predicting of Work-Family Conflict Based on irrational beliefs and Perceived Social Support}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was predicting of work-family conflict based on irrational beliefs and perceived social support. The statistical population of the study included all female teachers of first-grade high school in district 3 in Qom city in the academic year 2018-19 (N=1998). 322 Subjects were selected by multistage stratified sampling. In order to collect the data, the work-Family Conflict Questionnaire of Carlson et al. (2000), the Irrational Beliefs Questionnaire of Jones (1969), and the Social Support Questionnaire of Zimit (1988) were used. Stepwise regression analysis by SPSS-23 software was used to analyze the data. results showed all subscales of irrational beliefs (helplessness for change (b=41%), expectation of approval (b=23%), emotional irresponsibility (b=54%) and job avoidance (b=44%)) predict work-family conflict (b=-26%). among the components of irrational beliefs, the component of emotional irresponsibility had a greater share in explaining the work-family conflict (b=54%). among teachers' perceptions of social support (family, friends, and others) only the family support negatively predicts work-family conflict (b=-26%). According to the results of the study, by reducing irrational beliefs and increasing family social support, it can be expected that the rate of work-family conflict among female teachers will decrease. Therefore, it is suggested that training sessions and consultations be held among female teachers to identify irrational beliefs, as well as to inform families in order to become more familiar with social support resources, in order to moderate work-family conflict.}, Keywords = {Work-Family Conflict, irrational beliefs, Perceived Social Support, Female Teachers}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {15-24}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-1959-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-1959-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Besharat, Mohammad Ali and Jafari, Farzaneh and GholamAliLavasani, Masou}, title = {Predicting symptoms of anxiety and depression based on satisfying basic psychological needs}, abstract ={One of the most common mental disorders is anxiety disorders and depression. Therefore, recognizing the factors influencing their formation and continuity is very important. The present study aimed to predict symptoms of anxiety and depression according to satisfaction of basic psychological needs. 362 individuals (220 men, 142 women) selected from the University of Tehran using the convenience sampling method. The participants completed the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale (BNSG-S, Gagne 2003) and the Stress Depression Anxiety Scale (DASS, Lovibond & Lovibond 1995). The results indicate that satisfying the basic psychological needs had a negative correlation significantly with the symptoms of anxiety and depression (P<0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that satisfying psychological needs could predict 16% of the variance of the research variables. It can be concluded that satisfying psychological need is one of the determinants of psychological health, meanwhile playing a preventive role in a psychological disorder.}, Keywords = {psychological need, depression, anxiety}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {25-34}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2146-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2146-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Moeinipour, Zainab}, title = {Comparison of relaxed lifestyle, family functioning and spouses\' sense of happiness among white, traditional and modern married couples}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the differences in lifestyle and happiness between couples with white, traditional, and modern marriages. The method of the present study was descriptive and causal-comparative. The study population included all female patients referred to the Welfare Counseling Center of Ashtiani in 1397. The sample consisted of 45 women who had traditional, modern, and white marriages. Sampling was done purposefully so that 15 people were replaced in each group. The analysis was performed using SPSS-21 software using one-way and multi-way analysis of variance. Findings showed that there is a significant difference between the variables of a relaxed lifestyle, family functioning, and couples' sense of happiness. The study found that sedentary lifestyles were more common in traditional marriages than in modern marriages and white marriages. But there was no significant difference between modern marriage and white marriage in this index. It was also shown in the section on feelings of happiness that the level of feelings of happiness of couples in modern marriages is higher than the other two groups.}, Keywords = {Calm lifestyle, family function and women's sense of happiness}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {35-52}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2242-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2242-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Abdolrahimpour, Roghaye and Bayrami, Mansour and HashemiNosratabad, Touraj}, title = {Predicting of Empathy Based on The Components of Executive Functions in Children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to predict empathy based on the Component's executive functions in children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder symptoms. The method of this study was descriptive and correlation. The statistical population included elementary school male students (ages 8 to 12 years) with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in Tabriz in the academic year of 2019-2020, 120 children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms were selected by cluster random sampling. Multi-stage was selected using the Child Behavior Rating Scale (Swanson, Nolan & Pelham,1980). Strop test (Raydli, 1995), continuous performance test (Razveld, et al, 1996), and children's cognitive and emotional empathy scale (Dadss, et al, 2008) were used to collect data. The results of path analysis showed that response inhibition and sustained attention have a significant role in predicting cognitive and emotional empathy (P<0.05). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that deficits in executive functions can lead to a lack of empathy in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms.}, Keywords = {Empathy, Executive Functions, Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {53-62}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2604-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2604-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mirakbarzade, Zeynab and Khanjarkhani, Masoud and Nastiezaie, Naser}, title = {The Relationship of Quality of Life in School with Academic Self-Concept, Psychological Well-Being and Academic Eagerness}, abstract ={The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship of quality of life in school with academic self-concept, psychological well-being, and academic eagerness. This is a descriptive correlation study. The statistical population of the study was all secondary high school students in Zehak. 323 students entered the study by stratified random sampling method. Data collection instruments were quality of life in school (Anderson & Bourke, 2000), academic self-concept (Yi-Hissn Chen, 2004), psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989), and academic Engagement (Schafeli, Salanova, Gonzalez-Roma & Baker, 2002) questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression were used to analyze the data. The finding showed that quality of life in school has a positive and significant relationship with academic self-concept, (r=0.71), psychological well-being (r=0.79), and academic eagerness (r=0.67). Also, quality of life in school has been able to predict 56%, 65%, and  47% of the variance of academic self-concept, psychological well-being, and academic eagerness, respectively. According to the results, School management should provide a safe and autonomous school environment for students by establishing clear and consistent educational rules and regulations, establishing positive friendships between teachers and students, providing opportunities for emotional support, so that students are involved in the learning process with appropriate psychological well-being, positive academic self-concept, and high academic enthusiasm.}, Keywords = {quality of life in school, academic self-concept, psychological well-being, academic eagerness.}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {63-74}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2475-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2475-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Tehranchi, Ata and Neshatdoost, HamidTaher and Amiri, Shole and Power, Mick}, title = {Developing an integrative model of positive psychotherapy and comparing its effectiveness with CBT, and PPT in improvement of depressive symptoms among individuals with major depression}, abstract ={Positive psychotherapy has some efficiencies in the treatment of depression but its effectiveness can be increased through technical and theoretical integration. The aim of the present study is to develop an integrative treatment model and comparing its effectiveness with positive psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. The research design is quasi-experimental. The population consists of all individuals with major depression in the city of Mashhad. One hundred twenty participants with major depression were included in the present study. They were allocated in four groups of integrative positive psychotherapy, positive psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and control group. All participants responded to the dysfunctional attitudes scale (Beck & Weissman 1978), Beck Depression Inventory (1979), and Values In Action-Inventory of Strengths (Petrerson & Seligman 2004). The data were analyzed through covariance analysis. No significant difference was found between the three intervention groups in the post-test. However, all intervention groups demonstrated significant differences with the control group in the post-test.In follow-up, integrative positive psychotherapy demonstrated higher effectiveness in relapse prevention in comparison to other treatments. findings of the present study demonstrated that clinical application of some character strengths can improve the effectiveness of treatment in relapse prevention.}, Keywords = {integrative positive psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, positive psychotherapy, depression, dysfunctional attitudes}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {75-86}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2427-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2427-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Narimani, Mohammad and Taghizadehhir, Sara and Khoshsorour, Sahar}, title = {The Comparison of parental stress and anger self-regulation skills between parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism}, abstract ={Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and Autism are neurodevelopmental disorder that creates many problems for parents and families in term of parenting and parent's mental health. The purpose of this study was to compare the parental stress and anger self-regulation skill in parents of children with ADHD and autism. The research method of the present study was descriptive-causal comparative. 60 parents (30 parents of children with ADHD and 30 parents of children with autism) were selected by the purposeful sampling method. Data were collected by Parenting Stress Questionnaire (Abidin, 1983) and State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2) (Spilberger, 1999). Data were analyzed by t-test. Findings indicated that the scores of parenting stress and anger self-regulation skill were significantly higher in parents of children with Autism than those with ADHD (P<0/05). According to the findings of this study can be concluded that parents of children with Autism compared with parents of children with ADHD have more parenting stress and parents of children with ADHD compared with parents of children with Autism have less anger self-regulation skill which may be caused by the special needs of these children. In this way, planning and implementing appropriate psychological and educational interventions for the parents of these children can be very helpful.}, Keywords = {Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anger self-regulation skill, autism, parental stress.}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {87-96}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2443-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2443-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {HayeriMeybodi, Mahsa Sadat and JafariRazaji, Fereshteh and Shahverdi, Mohammad and HayatiMotlagh, Mohamm}, title = {The role of emotional self-awareness, referral thinking and mental vitality in predicting relapse in women using drugs}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the role of emotional self-awareness, referral thinking, and mental vitality in predicting relapse in women using drugs. This research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study was women who used drugs referring to harm reduction centers and night shelters in Tehran, District 12. Among them, 60 people who were on withdrawal for a maximum of two weeks were selected by purposive sampling. Research tools included the Addiction Return Prediction Questionnaire (Wright, 1993), Emotional Self-Awareness (Grant et al., 2002), Reference Thinking (Ering, 2010), and Mental Vitality (Ryan and Frederick, 1997). Pearson correlation test and simultaneous linear regression were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that returning to addiction had a positive and significant relationship with referral thinking (repetitive negative thoughts, perceived dysfunction, and mental capacity capture) and a negative and significant relationship with emotional self-awareness (recognition, identification, communication, problem-solving, environmentalism) and mental vitality (P <0.05). Regression results also showed that recognition (-0.38), communication (-0.20), problem solving (-0.26), repetitive negative thoughts (0.22), perceived inefficiency (0.40), mental capacity capture (0.31) and mental vitality (-0.38) predict a return to addiction. Given the role of emotional self-awareness, referral thinking, and mental vitality in predicting a return to addiction in women drug users, it is necessary to conduct workshops based on these concepts to people who are quitting drugs.}, Keywords = {Return to addiction, Referral thinking, Emotional self-awareness, Mental vitality, Drugs}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {97-108}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2438-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2438-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Saeidi, Ali and Shakiba, Abolghasem}, title = {Review of Torrance Test of Creative Thinking Figural Form A Scoring in Iran}, abstract ={Torrance creativity tests are widely and continuously used in educational settings and are among the most popular tests of divergent thinking. This study was conducted to determine the originality score for the answers of Figural Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking on Iranian students. For this purpose, this test was performed on 585 primary school students in Sabzevar. After excluding the sheets that did not meet the scoring requirements, 542 test sheets were analyzed. The answers of all students were collected in each picture, then the frequency and percentage of each answer were obtained. The originality score of each answer was calculated according to the Torrance method for scoring originality. For each answer in the image subtest, the originality score was considered from zero to five. In the subtest of completing the images, the range of originality scores from zero to two was determined. In the parallel lines subtest, the answers were scored from zero to three. Then, according to the type and frequency of the subjects' answers, a table related to each test item is compiled for the use of testers. Now, according to the results of this research, different types of answers of Iranian students can be scored more accurately in the figural form A of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking in terms of the degree of originality.}, Keywords = {Creativity, Originality, Fluency, Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking.}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {109-120}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2444-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2444-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Keshavarz, Neda and Hashemi, Touraj and Beyrami, Mansour and Mahmoudalilou, Majid and Bakhshipour, Abbas}, title = {Effectiveness of virtual reality -based worry exposure therapy on the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder}, abstract ={This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of virtual reality-based worry exposure therapy on the severity of symptoms and cognitive avoidance in patients with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. This study was conducted in the framework of a single-subject experimental design using multiple baselines with a 6-week follow-up. Three women with GAD were selected through a structured clinical interview based on the criteria of diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 5 (DSM5) by Convenience Sampling among those who referred to the Counseling centers in Tabriz. The protocol of this study followed the manual by Becker and Margraf (2002) which describes imaginal exposure for GAD applied in 15 sessions. The only difference was that in this research exposure to virtual reality replaced with imagination. In this study, three 360-degree films were made by the researcher used for the exposure. The content made in the form of 360-degree videos and displayed to patients through virtual reality tools. The scales to assess changes in Gad symptoms and cognitive avoidance include the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire by Spitz, Kroenke, Williams, Lowe (2006) and the Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire by sexton and Dugas (2009). Data analyzed with visuals inspection, improvement percentage, and reliable change index strategies. Results showed that virtual reality-based worry exposure therapy has significant efficiency in the reduction of GAD symptoms and cognitive avoidance clinically and statistically (p<0.05). virtual reality-based worry exposure therapy has appropriate efficacy in reducing GAD symptoms.}, Keywords = {generalized anxiety disorder, Virtual reality, Worry Exposure therapy}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {121-132}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2440-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2440-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {BeigomMosavi, Zohreh and NalbandianAbhar, Maryam and Ayoublo, Zahra and Yousefian, Fatemeh}, title = {The role of attachment styles, family cohesion and perceived gender discrimination in predicting psychological hardiness in women with reverse age of marriage}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the role of attachment styles, family cohesion, and perceived gender discrimination in predicting psychological hardiness in women with the reverse age of marriage. This research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study was women with the reverse age of marriage who referred to family counseling centers affiliated with welfare in district 10 of Tehran. Among them, 60 people were selected by purposive sampling. Research tools included the Psychological Hardiness Questionnaire (Kubasa, 1979), Attachment Styles (Collins Reed, 1990), Family Cohesion (Samani, 2002), and Gender Discriminatory Events (Klonoff and Landrin, 1995). Pearson correlation test and simultaneous linear regression were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that psychological hardiness had a positive and significant relationship with close (secure) attachment style and family cohesion and a negative and significant relationship with dependent (avoidance) and anxiety (ambivalent) styles and perceived gender discrimination (P <0.05). Regression results also showed that the styles of closeness (0.21), dependence (-0.26), anxiety (-0.41), family cohesion (0.44), and perceived gender discrimination (-0.36) Predict psychological hardship. Considering the role of attachment styles, family cohesion and perceived gender discrimination in predicting psychological hardiness in women with the reverse age of marriage, Conducting workshops based on these concepts is essential for couples in premarital counseling.}, Keywords = {Reverse Age Of Marriage, Family Cohesion, Perceived Gender Discrimination, psychological hardiness, Attachment Styles}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {133-144}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2459-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2459-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mokarram, Fatemeh and Kazemi, Reza and Taklavi, Somayyeh}, title = {The Effectiveness of Emotional-Social Skills Training on Emotional / Social Competence and Psychological Well-Being of Single-Parent Girls}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotional-social skills training on emotional/social competence and psychological well-being in single-parent girls. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study was all single-parent female high school students in Sarab city in 2019, from which 30 people were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental (15 people) and control group (15 people). The experimental group received 10 75- minute sessions of emotional-social skills training. In order to collect data, the social competency questionnaire (Parandin, 2005) and the psychological well-being scale (Ryff, 1980) were used. Data analysis was performed by univariate analysis of variance. Findings showed that emotional-social skills training had a significant effect on improving emotional/social competence (F= 112.83, P<0.01) and psychological well-being (F =102.63, P<0.01) in single-parent girls. These results indicate that teaching these skills to single-parent students can help increase their social and psychological functioning.}, Keywords = {social-emotional skills, emotional/social competence, psychological well-being, single parent.}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {145-154}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2521-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2521-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {SourazarLahroudi, Yousef and Taklavi, Somayyeh}, title = {Comparison of time perspective dimensions in students with and without existential anxiety}, abstract ={This study aimed to compare the dimensions of time perspective in students with and without existential anxiety. The research method was causal-comparative. the statistical population included all students of Ardabil Islamic Azad University in the academic year 2020-2021. The research sample consisted of 80 students (40 students with existential anxiety and 40 students without existential anxiety) who were selected by the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the Existence Anxiety Questionnaire (Masoudi Sani et al., 2015) and the Time Perspective Questionnaire (Zimbardo and Boyd, 1999). Data analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the students with and without existence anxiety in terms of the past-negative, hedonistic present, and fatalistic present perspectives (P <0.01). the mean scores of students with existential anxiety in these three variables were higher than students without existential anxiety. But there was no significant difference between the positive past, future, and transcendent future perspectives in students with and without existential anxiety. Therefore, the obtained results can indicate the great importance of negative past, hedonistic present, and fatalistic time perspectives in distinguishing students with existential anxiety from normal students.}, Keywords = {time perspective, past, present, future, existential anxiety.}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {155-164}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2463-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2463-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Pourshahriari, Mahsima and Sharifi, Gashav and Jafari, Fateme and Zarebi, Arezoo and Hashemi, Seyedeh Fatemeh}, title = {An overview of diary research methods}, abstract ={The diary research method is one of the types of qualitative research that is different in context and over time due to its capacity to record the desired phenomena on a regular basis. This method, like other qualitative methods, is flexible and can be tailored to different research questions. The tendency of contemporary research is to study the feeling and perceptions of popular culture and the discourse of the humanities, which are overlap with the perspectives of diary studies. Now with the growth of new media and digital technology and the explosion of online attention to people's lives, this method is expanding. This paper will introduce the method of diary method, its background, and methods of data collection, goals, data analysis, and ethical considerations in order to provide a basis for using this method.}, Keywords = {Qualitative research method, daily diary, intensive longitudinal studies.}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {165-178}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2499-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2499-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Pourhosein, reza and lotfikashani, farah}, title = {Psychological models of adjustment to chronic illnesses}, abstract ={The uncontrollable and unpredictable nature of a chronic illness, in addition to experience of fear, anger, uncertainty about future and sorrow makes a person to perceive the disease as a dangerous factor. During the 20th century the theories of coping has aroused from two traditions including psychodynamic thought and cognitive psychology. Over time, three concepts of a search for meaning in the experience; an attempt to gain a sense of control or mastery over the illness; and an effort to restore self-esteem were considered as effective factors in adjustment to chronic illness. In later studies, researches gradually became interested in the structure of coping, and contextually-based models of coping and so the sociological model, integrative, biopsychosocial model, and interactive model were presented. With increasing knowledge and understanding of the consequences of chronic disease, personal resources such as demographic characteristics, intellectual ability and personality characteristics as well as health-related factors such as disease severity, location and type of disability, health-care environment and treatment procedures were added to previous factors of psychological models. Recently acute stressor or critical events such as initial diagnosis, change in prognosis, progression, and/or disability were also considered in presenting a model of psychologica<a aria-describedby="cke_114_description" aria-disabled="false" aria-haspopup="false" aria-labelledby="cke_114_label" href="javascript:void('Source')" id="cke_114" onclick="CKEDITOR.tools.callFunction(175,this);return false;" onfocus="return CKEDITOR.tools.callFunction(174,event);" onkeydown="return CKEDITOR.tools.callFunction(173,event);" role="button" tabindex="-1" title="Source"> Sourcel adjustment to chronic illnesses. Further progress on the issue of psychological adjustment to chronic illness was the understanding the role of stress on the immune system. In this way stressor ultimately impact on disease/ syndrome activity, which in turn influences physical adjustment outcomes, via interactions between psychosocial variables that influence neuroendocrine and immune mechanisms.  }, Keywords = {adjustment, chronic illnesses, psychosocial variables , Psychological models}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {179-187}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2365-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2365-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Abdivarmazan, Morad and Farahani, Mohammad Naghi and Khanipur, Hamid and Saffarinia, Maji}, title = {Development and Primary Validating of “Saving Electricity scale based on Social Status Upgrading"}, abstract ={For some people, social status seems to be a factor in saving electricity power. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an electricity-saving scale based on social status upgrading. In conducting this study, using the relevant theories, the scale was prepared. For investigating validity and reliability the opinion of experts, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach's alpha index was used to examine the internal consistency of the scale. The number of items obtained in the study of theories was 20 items, which were reduced to 13 items after review by experts. The sample size in the primary study was 193 people and in the second study was 366 people were selected from Iranian cyberspace users by available sampling method. Our results showed that 9 items had the desired factor load to measure the factors and the 2-factor model give the best fitting with data. The factor load of 0.40 and above in all items in exploratory factor analysis confirmed the sufficient reliability of the structures of the scale. The indexes obtained in the confirmatory factor analysis also indicated high validity of the scale. χ2/df=1.93, GFI=0.93, AGFI=0.95, RMR=0.025, NFI=0.92, NNFI=0.99, IFI=0.97, CFI=0.97, RMSEA=0.049. Cronbach's alpha index was 0.88 for the first factor and 0.85 for the second factor. This study supported the conceptualization of the relation between social status motivation and electricity power saving. It provides some psychometric evidence for this self-report scale that was developed based on the role of social status in electricity saving behavior. It seemed that 2 personality traits; being motivated for keeping social image and prestige, are related to electricity power-saving behaviors.}, Keywords = {Electricity saving, Social Status, Social Prestige.}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-14}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2471-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2471-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mohagheghi, Hosein and Farhadi, Mehran and Yaghoobi, Abolghasem and Mahdavi, Azadeh}, title = {Anxiety in the realm of personality: The role of attitudes}, abstract ={Although the topic of personality and personality traits has been studied in many types of research, it has been neglected in the study of some variables. The fact that how these attributes are in a relationship with anxiety with the mediation of dysfunctional attitudes is one of these issues addressed in this study. For this purpose, 240 students from Bu-Ali Sina University in Hamedan were selected as the sample, and Beck Anxiety Inventory (1990), Beck and Wiseman Dysfunctional Attitudes Questionnaire (1987), and McCree and Casta Neo Personality Questionnaire (1985) were filled in. Six of the Individuals filled out the questionnaires in a misunderstood manner, so a final sample of 234 people was selected. The results of the structural equation modeling showed that in general, the model has a good fit of goodness. The relationship between anxiety and neuroticism with presence and without the presence of the mediator variable was positive and significant and also the relationship between anxiety with extroversion with presence and without the presence of the mediator variable is significant and reversible. Also, the findings indicated that at 0/01 significance level, only a neuroticism variable was significantly associated with anxiety with mediating dysfunctional attitudes and this relationship was not found for extraversion. Thus, it can be concluded that dysfunctional attitudes can act as a mediator between neuroticism and anxiety.}, Keywords = {Anxiety, Extraversion, Neuroticism, Dysfunctional Attitude, Personality Traits}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {15-24}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2526-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2526-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Jalilvand, Mohammad and Rizvandi, Aye}, title = {Comparison of the effectiveness of traditional method and tactical game method for teaching sports skills on enjoyment of physical activity in children with developmental coordination disorder}, abstract ={Children with developmental coordination disorder tend to avoid engaging in physical activity that leads to poor motor function and negative psychological consequences. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of traditional methods and tactical game methods in teaching sports skills on the enjoyment of physical activity in children with developmental coordination disorder. Thirty boys with developmental coordination disorder in Kermanshah entered the study by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups of the tactical game and traditional training methods. The training program included a course of basketball training program that was done for 12 weeks and three one-hour sessions per week in two traditional and tactical games methods. The instruments used in this study included the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ'07), Movement Assessment Buttery for Children (MABC-2), and Enjoyment of physical activity Questionnaire (PACES). Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data in SPSS software. The results showed that the tactical game group had a significant increase in the enjoyment of physical activity scores compared to the traditional training group (P<0.05). Based on the results of the present study, it is suggested that the tactical game method be used instead of the traditional method in teaching sports skills to children with developmental coordination disorders.}, Keywords = {Enjoyment of physical activity, Tactical game method, Traditional method, developmental coordination disorder}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {25-34}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2434-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2434-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Besharat, Mohammad Ali and Jafari, Farzaneh and GholamAliLavasani, Masou}, title = {Predicting symptoms of anxiety and depression based on interpersonal problems}, abstract ={The present study aimed to predict symptoms of anxiety and depression according to interpersonal problems. 362 individuals (220 men, 142 women) selected from the University of Tehran using the convenience sampling method. The participants completed the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-60, Horowitz, et al, 1988) and the Stress Depression Anxiety Scale (DASS, Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). The results indicated that interpersonal problems (assertiveness, sociability, submissiveness, intimacy, responsibility, and controlling) had a significant positive correlation with the symptoms of anxiety and depression (P<0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that interpersonal problems could predict 19.4% of the variance of anxiety symptoms and 21.4% of the variance of depression symptoms. Based on research findings it is important to pay attention to interpersonal problems for preventing symptoms of anxiety and depression.}, Keywords = {interpersonal problem, depression, anxiety}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {35-44}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2271-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2271-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mohammadi, Atefe and Khezrimoghadam, Noshirvan and Tashk, Anahit}, title = {Prediction of the severity of migraine headaches based on anixiety, defense medchanisms and self-compassion on patients with migrane headaches}, abstract ={Theoretical foundations and conducted studies are indicative of the effect of physiological factors on the incidence and exacerbation of migraine. Identification of these factors can play a major role in the treatment and prognosis of this disease. Therefore, the present study aims to predict the severity of migraine headaches based on anxiety, defense mechanism, and self-compassion. To this end, a total of 200 patients with migraine headaches visiting neurology clinics in Shiraz were selected using purposeful sampling. The patients were then asked to fill out the Spielberg State-Trait questionnaire(1970), Najjarian Migraine Symptom Severity questionnaire(1997), and Bond Defense style questionnaire (1983), and  Neff Self-Compassion scale(2003). The results of correlation and step by step regression analysis showed that there was a relationship between anxiety, defense styles, and self-compassion with the severity of migraine headaches(P<0/01). The results also showed that anxiety, defense styles, and self-compassion predicted 0/19, 0/14, and 0/16 of severe migraine headaches.}, Keywords = {Migraine, Anxiety, Defense mechanisms and self-compassion.}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {45-56}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2486-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2486-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Tabatabaee, Shakiba sadat and Besharat, MohamadAli and GholamaliLavasani, Masou}, title = {Predicting sexual problems based on fear of intimacy and procrastination}, abstract ={Understanding the influential variables on couples' sexual problems can be applied in prevention and treatment programs. The purpose of the present study was to predict sexual problems based on fear of intimacy and procrastination. For this purpose, 220 married students from Tehran universities (130 women, 90 men) in the academic year 2019 participated in this study and completed the Fear of Intimacy Scale (Descutner & Thelen, 1991), the Pure Procrastination Scale (Steel, 2010), and the Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Status Questionnaire (Golombok & Rust, 1986). To analyze the data, correlation coefficients were calculated and stepwise regression was run. The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between fear of intimacy and sexual problems, and also between procrastination and sexual problems Which is significant at the level (p≥ 0.01). R2  is the first step concluded 0.52, and in step 2 concluded 0.56 Which is significant at the level (p≥ 0.01). Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that fear of intimacy and procrastination can predict sexual problems and fear of intimacy is a stronger predictor of sexual problems than procrastination. investigating these variables in individuals can help prevent and treat sexual problems effectual and improve marital satisfaction.}, Keywords = {sexual problem, fear of intimacy, procrastination}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {57-68}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2508-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2508-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Feyzollahi, Sara and Narimany, Mohamad and Mosazadeh, Tavakol}, title = {Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Suicidal Thoughts, Self‐concealment and Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Women with Suicidal Thoughts}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on suicidal thoughts, self‐concealment, and cognitive emotion regulation in women with suicidal thoughts. This research was done experimentally and through designing pre-test and post-test and using a control group. The statistical population included all women with suicidal thoughts who referred to comprehensive health centers in Ardabil city in 2019. The research sample of the study was 40 women in this population who were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly replaced into the experimental and control group.  For data collection, we used the suicidal thoughts scale (Beck & Steer, 1991), the self‐concealment scale (Larson & Chastain, 1990), and the short form of cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The results indicated that acceptance and commitment therapy had a significant effect on reducing self‐concealment and suicidal thoughts and increasing cognitive emotion regulation in women with suicidal thoughts (P<0.001). These findings indicate that acceptance and commitment therapy may be effective in reducing suicidal thoughts by improving the regulation and expression of emotions.}, Keywords = {Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Self‐concealment, Cognitive Emotion Regulation, Suicidal Thoughts.}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {69-80}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2524-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2524-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Janbozorgi, Fatemeh and Mortazavi, Narges Sadat}, title = {Comparison of children\'s problem solving skills and self-esteem levels in child-centered and teacher-centered preschools}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to compare children's problem-solving skills and self-esteem levels in child-centered and teacher-centered preschools. This study was a comparative causal study. the statistical population of the study included children studying in preschools in the 15th district of Tehran. 50 children (25 people with child-centered education and 25 people with teacher-centered education) were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a clinical interview scale of different solutions (Shure & Spivack, 1988) and a children's self-esteem questionnaire (Azizi Moghaddam, 1386). The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. The results of this study showed that problem-solving skills and their sub-components (related solutions, related classes, and unrelated answers) and self-esteem level and its sub-components (social self-esteem and academic self-esteem) are significantly higher in children in child-centered preschools than teacher-centered preschools (P <0.05). Due to the effect of the type of instructor training on problem-solving skills and children's self-esteem, the implementation of training based on a child-centered style can be used to adjust the psychological characteristics of children.}, Keywords = {Child-centered, Self-esteem, Teacher-centered, Problem-solving skills}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {81-90}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2516-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2516-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mohamadi, Abdolah and Ghadampour, ezatolah and Mirdarikvand, Fazlolah and Sepahvandi, Mohamad Ali}, title = {Presenting a Causal Model of School Emotion and Academic Motivation with Career Guidance: the Mediator Role of Academic Self-Concept}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to present a causal model to investigate the relationship between school emotion and academic motivation with career guidance by considering the mediating role of academic self-concept. The research method was a descriptive-correlational structural equation model. The statistical population included all first-grade high school students in Sanandaj, in the academic year 2009-2010. 284 people were included in the study by random sampling of relative classes according to gender and educational level. To collect the required data, the academic motivation questionnaire  (Derakhshan et al, 2017), the school attitude assessment survey (McCouch, 2003), the Academic Self-Concept Questionnaire (Lee et al, 2005), and the Career Development Inventory-Australia-short form (Creed  & Patton, 2004 ) were used. The data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling. The results showed that school affection and academic motivation can significantly affect career growth through academic self-concept. According to the results, it is possible to provide a way to achieve career growth in the light of attention to school affection, academic motivation, and academic self-concept for students.}, Keywords = {school affection, academic motivation, academic self-concept, career path guidance.}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {91-102}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2518-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2518-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Asgariyan, Zahra and RezaeiKheirabadi, Mehri}, title = {Predicting adolescent’s internalized shame based on social anxiety, relationship with parent, self-esteem and self- efficacy}, abstract ={Internalized shame is a very painful negative emotion that is accompanied by feelings of humiliation, inferiority, and worthlessness. The aim of this study was to predicting juvenile internalized shame based on social anxiety, relationship with parent, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. The research method was correlational. The statistical population included female students aged 15 to 19 years in Dehaghan city who were studying in the 2019-2020 academic year and the statistical sample included 270 people who were selected as available. Research tools included the Cook (1993) The internalized shame scale, Rosenberg (1979) The self-esteem scale, Sherer and Maddux (1982) The self-efficacy scale, Fain (1983) The Parent-Child Relationship survey, and Connor (2000) The social phobia Inventory. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression. The research findings showed that social anxiety and internalized shame at the level of 0.01 is a positive and significant relationship and self-esteem, relationship with a parent, and self-efficacy with internalized shame is a negative and significant relationship(P<0.01). Also, the results of regression analysis showed that the predictor variables explain 33% of the variance of internalized shame. The results of this study help identify the factors influencing the internalized shame and show the need for more attention of parents and officials to these factors to reduce the suffering of juveniles.}, Keywords = {internalized shame, self-esteem, social anxiety, relationship with parent, self-efficacy}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {103-112}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2492-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2492-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {MohammadiMorchegani, Sahar and Abolghasemi, Abbas and KafiMasouleh, Mus}, title = {The Comparison of affective-emotional temperament in women with and without sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder}, abstract ={affective-emotional temperament in women with and without sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder. The research was a descriptive causal-comparative study. For this purpose, 65 women with sexual desire /arousal disorders and 85 women without disorders were selected purposefully among all women who attended a stadium in Rasht city in 2018-19. To collect data, women’s sexual interest and desire questionnaire (sills et al, 2005), clinical interview based on DSM-5 criteria, Affective and Emotional Composite Temperament Questionnaire (Lara et al., 2012), and General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, 1979) was used. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that women with the sexual interest/arousal disorder had the more emotional temperament of anxiety, depression, cyclothymia, dysphoria, volatility, and less euthymia and euphoria. Furthermore, in the emotional temperament, they have less volition, coping, and control than the non-disorder group. There was no difference between Apathy, obsessive, irritability, disinhibited, and euphoria (affective temperament), anger, inhibition, and sensitivity (emotional temperament) between the two groups. Based on these findings it can be concluded that affective-emotional temperament can be effective in the formation and exacerbation of sexual arousal disorder in women. These findings can help the discussion of the pathology, education, and treatment of these women.}, Keywords = {Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder, personality, Affective-emotional temperament}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {113-124}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2504-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2504-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Nikfallah, Raziyeh and Golshani, Fatemeh}, title = {Comparison of object relationships, schema modes, and childhood trauma in individuals with borderline and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders symptoms}, abstract ={This study aimed to compare schema modes, childhood trauma, and object relationships in individuals with borderline personality and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. The research method was causal-comparative and the statistical population of this study included all people who were referred to public and private counseling centers in Tehran city in 2019, of whom 90 people with borderline personality symptoms and 90 people with obsessive-compulsive symptoms were selected by convenience sampling method. Research tools include Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (1983) (MCMI); Schema Mode Inventory by Lobbestael et al. (2010) (SMI); Childhood Trauma Questionnaire by Bernstein et al. (1994) (CTQ) and Bell Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory (1986) (BORRTI). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. Individuals with borderline personality disorder symptoms in the components of angry child mode (P<0.05), impulsive child mode (P<0.01), undisciplined child mode (P<0.05), self-aggrandizer mode (P<0.01), emotional abuse (P<0.05), emotional neglect (P<0.01), egocentricity (P<0.05) and insecure attachment (P<0.01) obtained higher mean scores than people with obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in the components of detached protector mode (P<0.01), punishing parent mode (P<0.05), and demanding parent mode (P<0.01), and social incompetence (P<0.01) obtained higher mean scores than people with borderline disorder symptoms. Based on the present study results, it seems that object relationships, schema modes, and childhood traumas play a role in the formation of borderline personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality symptoms.}, Keywords = {borderline, childhood trauma, object relationships, obsessive-compulsive, schema modes}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {125-138}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2661-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2661-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Jahandar, Ebrahim and Mahmoudpour, Abdolbaset and Esmaeily, Masoumeh}, title = {Phenomenology of mothers marital identity changes after the birth of the first child from the perspective of their spouse}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to study the marital identity changes in women after the birth of the first child from their spouse's point of view. To achieve this goal, a qualitative approach and a descriptive phenomenological method were used. The research community is Fathers living in Tehran that at least one year and at most seven years passed from the birth of their first child. Purposeful sampling was used and 12 persons were selected as the participants. Data were collected through researcher-made semi-structured interviews and analyzed by content analysis method. Finally, the research findings led to 13 sub-themes and 3 main themes. The main themes are Role changes (Decreased emotional support, Increase emotional support, Reduce instrumental support, Increase instrumental support, Reduce intelligence support), Rule changes (Child orientation, Communication with family and friends, expand expectations from a spouse, Increase attention to family) and Internal changes (Personal growth, Behavioral and personality traits, Internal tensions, Attitude, and worldview ). The results showed that a group of participants consider the identity Changes of their wives after childbirth Positive and another group considers them negative. It seems that the quality of marital relations before childbirth, Main family support, husband participation in parental responsibilities, and household Affairs are the influential factors in the formation of cohesive identity of mothers in the transition to parental phase.}, Keywords = {Phenomenology, the birth of the first child, identity changes, marital identity, spouse perspective}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {139-150}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2711-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2711-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Zadafshar, Sara and Kheradmand, Mohadese and Faramarzi, Salar}, title = {Psychological dimensions of the parent-child relationship in the Covid-19 epidemic: A review study}, abstract ={The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic virus, in addition to its wide-ranging changes at various levels, has specifically led to changes at the family level and has had a significant impact on many parents and their relationship with their children around the world. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the consequences, psychological dimensions, risk factors, and protective factors in parent-child relationships during the Covid-19 epidemic crisis. The method of this study was a review of studies conducted in this field, so that the research findings in the databases of PubMed, Springer, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct, Google Scholar with keyword search 19, psychological effects, parent-child relationship, behavioral problems- Emotional, risk, and protective factors, quarantine and children were examined. Finally, based on the inclusion criteria, out of 58 articles, 12 articles were included in the research and the results of classification were summarized and reported. The results of the study showed that the epidemic crisis has significant effects on children, parents, and also the type of relationship between parents and their children and following the increase of stress in parents, the likelihood of burnout and child abuse has increased. In contrast, parents' empathy and self-efficacy skills are factors that can improve the parent-child relationship in these situations. Therefore, considering the inevitable consequences of Covid-19 on lifestyle, mental health, and parent-child relationship; designing and planning intervention and support strategies and better understanding the psychological needs of families and children to raise awareness and improve parent-child relationships to reduce the negative effects and increase the positive effects are recommended.}, Keywords = {psychological dimension, parent-child relationship, covid-19 virus}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {151-160}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2514-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2514-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {NouryGhasemabadi, Robabeh and Seydavi, Mohamm}, title = {A brief review of the relationship of childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescence}, abstract ={Self-injury without the intent of suicide, defined as the direct and deliberate destruction of body tissues with no suicidal intent, has grown in clinical significance and study over the last two decades. According to research, this behavior is very common through adolescence, and it is thought to be a coping strategy for dealing with and managing intense negative emotions. The physical and psychological changes that occur during this time, which act as distressing factors, place adolescence at the core of studying this behavior, while personal history may also affect the degree of this distress. The importance of early relationships with parents and developmental experiences in predicting adolescent self-injury behavior has been established. The current study reviews previous studies on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and self-injury behavior, emphasizing explanatory and functional theories. Also, national studies were reviewed in the end, but despite the prevalence of four to five percent among Iranian adolescents, self-injury appears to be overlooked by national researchers.}, Keywords = {childhood maltreatment, self-injury, suicide, adolescence.}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {161-170}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2658-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2658-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {MazaheriNejadFard, Golnaz and Zarani, Fariba and Mousavi, Negi}, title = {Cultural Formulation Interview: The Role of Culture in Psychopathology}, abstract ={Culture as a set of beliefs, values, laws, and customs which influence all aspects of human life can have a significant role in shaping psychopathology and psychological disorders. The purpose of this study that conducted via the descriptive-analytic method is to investigate the role of culture in psychopathology and abnormal behaviors' incidence with the emphasis on cultural formulation interviews. Despite the clinical and research implications of this interview, there are some limitations and criticisms about it. Therefore, in addition to positive points, the use of this tool in the clinical assessment and diagnosis process requires consideration of the limitations and criticisms imposed on it and also conducting more researches about its application in different cultures and clinical specialists' population (not only in psychiatrists' population).}, Keywords = {Psychopathology, Culture, Cultural Formulation Interview}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {171-178}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2467-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2467-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Roya and ghaderi, setareh and Mohammadizadeh, Hanieh and Amiri, Sasan and Foroughi, Aliakbar}, title = {Emotion, Experiential Avoidance, and Coronavirus: Predicting Coronary Anxiety Based on Experiential Avoidance and Difficulty in Emotion Management}, abstract ={Corona-related anxiety has pervasive effects on various aspects of society. Some people are more receptive to this condition and others experience a lot of negative emotions. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between experiential avoidance and difficulty in emotional regulation with coronary anxiety in Kermanshah. In this study, 317 people answered online through virtual networks to The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (Bond et al. 2007), and the coronavirus anxiety Scale (Lee, 2020). Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that coronary anxiety had a significant positive correlation with difficulty in regulating emotion but had a negative correlation with experience avoidance (p< .0/01). The results of the regression analysis also showed that experimental avoidance and difficulty in emotion regulation predict 0.305 of the variance of coronary anxiety. These results showed that people who have less flexibility show less acceptance of life events and for those who have difficulty controlling their emotions, events like Corona will have a negative effect on them. Therefore, it is necessary to hold online workshops and design appropriate psychological interventions.}, Keywords = {Corona Anxiety, Difficulty in emotion regulation, Acceptance and action, experiential avoidance, Corona virus}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2531-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2531-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Heydari-Lakeh, Zahra and Naeimi, Ebrahim and Sheivandi, Kamr}, title = {School students’ perception of family role in their academic adjustment with social distancing in the conditions of COVID-19 pandemic}, abstract ={The current study intended to identify the students' perceptions of the role of the family in their academic adjustment to quarantine conditions during the COVID-19 outbreak. The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach and with a phenomenological research design. The study population was male elementary school students in the fifth grade in Tehran, who are studying in the academic year 1300-1400. A purposeful sampling method was used and the interviews continued until the theoretical saturation and a total of 13 participants were interviewed. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews on tape and all Content (word for word) was recorded on paper and finally, the data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method. Data analysis showed that the role of the family in the educational adjustment of children in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic led to the extraction of four comprehensive themes, which included the following: educational support, emotional-psychological support, behavioral support, and financial-instrumental support. The results of the study indicate the importance of the family in the educational adjustment of support, behavioral support, and financial-instrumental support.}, Keywords = {academic adjustment, family role, coronavirus.}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {11-20}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2541-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2541-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Kolbadinejad, Mahdieh and Asadi, Javanshir and Pourasghararabi, Mehdi and Aghaei, Mehr}, title = {Comparison the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Hypnotherapy on Resiliency and sleep quality of women with Fibromyalgia syndrome}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy (CBH) on resilience and sleep quality in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome in Gorgan. In this study, single-subject designs (A-B-A) were used. The statistical population includes all women with fibromyalgia syndrome who have referred to medical centers in Gorgan. According to the present research design, 9 references were used. Of these, 3 patients received cognitive-behavioral therapy and 3 patients received cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy. 3 patients were included in the control group. In order to collect data, Connor & Davidson's (2003) Resiliency Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (Boyce, 1989) were used. Therapeutic interventions for experimental groups were held for 8 sessions, the control group did not receive any dermatological interventions. To analyze the data, graph analysis methods, stable change index, clinical significance, recovery percentage were used. According to the obtained results, it can be said that in relation to sleep disorder, was most effective related to cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy with a recovery rate of 61.22 which was significant at the level of rate 0.05 (P<0.05) and in the resilience variable, the most effective was related to cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy with a recovery rate 59/88 which was significant at the level of rate 0.05 (P<0.05). In general, based on the findings, it can be said that both treatments were able to affect the research variables compared to the non-intervention group. Therefore, it is recommended that physicians pay attention to cognitive-behavioral therapies and cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy in the treatment of this syndrome.}, Keywords = {Fibromyalgia, Resiliency, sleep quality, Cognitive Behavioral Hypnotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral therapy}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {21-34}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2762-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2762-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {SetayeshiAzhari, Mohamad and Sadat, Sama and Mirzahoseini, Has}, title = {Validation of Lent Academic Satisfaction Scale in Iranian students}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to validate the academic satisfaction scale in Iranian students. The present study was descriptive and validation type. The statistical population of the study included first-year high school students in District 2 of Qom in the academic year 2016-2017. 310 students selected by convenience methods and answered Academic Satisfaction Scale (ASS, Lent, et al, 2005) and Achievement Goal Orientation Questionnaire (AGO, Elliot & McGregor, 2001). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data.  The results of the factor analysis showed that this scale has one factor. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.81.  There was a significant relationship between all the components of Achievement Goal Orientation and academic satisfaction (p<0.01). Based on the results, it can be concluded that ASS in Iranian students has sufficient validity and reliability and can be used as a research tool in psychological and educational studies.}, Keywords = {validation, Lent academic satisfaction scale, students.}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {35-46}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2455-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2455-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Sharifi, Mehdi and MohammadAminzadeh, Dana and Mehraban, Shafigh}, title = {The effectiveness of Cognitive-behavioral group therapy on reducing separation anxiety in children with hearing impairment}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on reducing separation anxiety in children with hearing impairment. The present study is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The statistical population composed of all 6-12-years-old children with hearing impairment, covered by the Kamyaran Welfare Office in 2018. 26 Children who had earned a Score above the cut-off point in the separation anxiety disorder scale in the Child Abnormal Symptoms Inventory were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=13) and the control group (n=13). The experimental group received CBT skills training in 12 weekly sessions. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed a significant difference between experimental and control groups in pre-test and post-test (p <0.001). Therefore, cognitive-behavioral therapy can reduce separation anxiety in children with hearing impairment and is recommended as a beneficial treatment intervention for hearing-impaired children in Welfare and medical centers.}, Keywords = {cognitive-behavioral therapy, separation anxiety, children, Hearing impairment}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {47-54}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2297-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2297-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {PoursaeidEsfahani, Mehrnoosh and Sharifi, Hamideh and Akrami, Nahi}, title = {Predicting high-risk behavior based on self-differentiation and interpersonal problems in female students}, abstract ={The purpose of this study is to predict High-risk behavior based on self-differentiation and interpersonal problems. The research population consisted of female students of Isfahan University. 100 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling. The research method is a descriptive correlation. The research tools include of Risk-Taking Scale (Zadehmohamady et al, 2011), Differentiation of Self Inventory-Short Form (Drake, 2011), and Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (Barkham et al, 1996). The Data analysis was performed using stepwise regression analysis. The results of the regression analysis showed that aggression can positively and significantly predict high-risk driving, violence, and alcohol consumption. Assertiveness and sociability are able to positively and significantly predict sexual relations. Openness can negatively and significantly predict using drugs and alcohol. Among the dimensions of self-differentiation, I-position is negatively and significantly able to predict violence and the emotional cut-off is negatively and significantly able to predict cross-sex friendship. Based on the results, it can be concluded that self-differentiation and interpersonal problems should be considered for planning to reduce or prevention of high-risk behaviors.}, Keywords = {High-risk behavior, Self-differentiation, Interpersonal problems, Female Students.}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {55-64}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2529-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2529-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {AbdoliBidhendi, Mohammadreza and Rafieinia, Parvin and Pourhosein, Reza and Sabahi, Parviz and Shahmansouri, Nazil}, title = {The comparison of the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing and progressive counting on anxiety, depression, and stress in patients with coronary artery bypass graft surgery}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Progressive Counting (PC) on anxiety, stress, and depression in patients with coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). A quasi-experimental design was used to analyze the data which included a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The statistical population included all patients with coronary artery bypass graft surgery referred to the rehabilitation clinic of Tehran Heart Center and were selected using available sampling based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-six randomly selected patients were divided into two experimental groups and one control group (N=12 in each group). In the experimental group of EMDR, each patient underwent this treatment individually in six 45- minute sessions and the same was carried out for PC. The control group received no treatment. The research instruments included a revised version of the Impact of Event Scale (IES-R, Weiss & Marmar, 1997), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21, Lovibond and Lovibond, 1995), which were performed on patients in all three groups in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. Data analyzed using MANCOVA. The results showed that EMDR and PC were both effective in reducing depression and stress symptoms. Also, the results did not show any significant differences between the two experimental groups (P<0,01).}, Keywords = {CABG, EMDR, PC, Anxiety, Stress, Depression}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {65-76}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2528-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2528-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Darvishi, Atefe and Mirghaemi, TaherehAlSadat and Taher, Mahboobe}, title = {Effectiveness of Music Therapy on Sustained Attention and Selective Attention in Children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy on sustained attention and selective attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder who referred to psychological centers in Gorgan in the 2020 year. 30 people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Measurement tools included the Stroop Color-Word Test (Mc Leod, 1996) and the Continuous Performance Test (Razold et al, 1956). The experimental group received 12 60-minute sessions of music therapy, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The results of univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance showed that music therapy is effective in improving sustained attention and selective attention in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Therefore, it can be concluded that music therapy through rhythmic stimulation has led to an increase in sustained attention, selective attention, and auditory sensitivity in children with attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder.}, Keywords = {Music Therapy, Sustained Attention, Selective Attention, Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {77-88}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2428-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2428-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Haghmohamadisharahi, Ghobad and Ostovar, Zohreh and Bermas, Hame}, title = {Procrastination: The role of prediction cognitive errors and perfectionism}, abstract ={The present study aims to predict procrastination through cognitive errors and perfectionism. The present research method is a descriptive correlation. The statistical population included all high school students in the east of Tehran in the academic year 1393-94, among whom 280 were selected by Simple Random Sampling. To collect data, the negative cognitive errors questionnaire (Leitenberg et al., 1985), Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Hewitt & Flett, 1991), and behavioral procrastination questionnaire (Lay, 1986) was used. The results were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis, multiple regression, and independent t-test. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between all cognitive errors and procrastination (p<0.01). Also, procrastination has a positive significant relationship with self-oriented perfectionism and a negative significant relationship with social-oriented perfectionism (p<0.01). The regression analysis results showed that cognitive errors and self-oriented perfectionism can predict 15.5% of procrastination variance. Independent T-test showed that there was no significant difference between girls' and boys' scores in any of the variables (p>0.05).  These results clarify the importance of cognitive errors and perfectionism in procrastination, and therapists and designers of workshops and cognitive-based training programs can use these findings to enrich their interventions.}, Keywords = {Procrastination, Cognitive errors, Perfectionism}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {89-100}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2462-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2462-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Qasemi, Saman and Azadi, Mohammad mehdi and Chagosaz, Marzieh and Asgari, Mahs}, title = {The effect of self-regulatory strategies training on problem-solving styles and self-directed learning for third grade male high school students}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of self-regulatory strategies training on problem-solving styles and self-directed learning students. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all third-grade male students in the second year of high school in Kermanshah in the second semester of 2018-19. Among them, 30 third-grade male students were randomly selected as the research sample and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 people) and a control (15 people). The experimental group received a group self-regulatory training program in eight 90-minute sessions per week as a group; the control group was on the waiting list for 2 months. In order to gather information, the problem-solving style questionnaires were shortened and Lang (1996) and self-learning for Fisher et al. (2001) were used. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in the variables of problem-solving styles and self-directed learning by controlling the effect of the pretest. Generally, based on the results of this study, it can be said that self-regulatory strategies training was effective in increasing problem-solving styles and students' self-directed learning.}, Keywords = {self-regulated strategies, problem-solving styles, self-directed learning, students.}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {101-110}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2046-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2046-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mardani‌, Maryam and Hamid, Najmeh}, title = {Investigating the mediating role of rumination in the relationship between insecure attachment styles and depression in outpatient psychiatric disorders}, abstract ={Rumination, as a maladaptive cognitive strategy, is effective in various disorders such as depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rumination as a mediator in the relationship between anxious and avoidant insecure attachment with depression. In the study, 120 people with depressive disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anxiety were selected Purposefully from Mehr Hospital. The respondents answered the Rumination Response Scale (Nolen-Hoeksema, & Morrow, 1991), Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al., 1961), and the Experiences in Close Relationship Questionnaire (Brennan et al., 1998). Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that rumination significantly mediated the relationship between anxious attachment and depression. In this study, the relationship between rumination and avoidant attachment was not confirmed. Based on the results of the study, anxious attachment style can play a role in the formation of depression by affecting the amount of rumination.}, Keywords = {Rumination, Anxious attachment, Avoidant attachment, Insecure attachment, Depression}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {111-120}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2540-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2540-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ghazanfariyanpour, Samira and Chalabianloo, Gholamrez}, title = {The Effectiveness of a short time Self-Compassion Intervention Program on Positive and Negative Affect and Life Satisfaction}, abstract ={This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of short-term self-compassion training programs on positive and negative affect and life satisfaction. The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest with a control group. The study's statistical population consisted of all students of the University of Tabriz, from which 40 people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups (20 subjects in each group). The instruments of the study were the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diner et al, 1985), and the Self-Compassion Questionnaire(Neff, 2003). The intervention group received the compassion training course in 5 sessions of 90-minute weekly sessions and the control group did not receive any intervention. The results of multiple analyses of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the scores of self-compassion, positive affect, and negative affect of the experimental and control groups in the post-test stage (P≤0.001). The experimental group received higher self-compassion and positive affect scores and lower scores in negative affect compared to the control group in the post-test phase. Based on the findings of this study, self-compassion training can be a good option to increase self-compassion and positive affect and reduce negative affect.}, Keywords = {Self-Compassion training, Positive and Negative Affect, Life Satisfaction}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {121-134}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2539-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2539-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Amirbeigi, Mahmood and Ghorbani, Nim}, title = {Terror management theory: Theoretical concepts, experimental research and Critics}, abstract ={Terror management theory (Greenberg, Pyszczynski & Solomon, 1986) considers the desire for survival as the underlying motivation for human behavior. Given his cognitive capacity and ability to think abstractly about the future, man realizes that his death is inevitable, which causes Paralysing terror. Man has developed certain psychological structures to protect himself from this terror. A cultural worldview can create self-esteem which together constitutes the most important psychological defense structures. Terror management theory has tested this notion by making three hypotheses: mortality salience, Death thought accessibility, and anxiety buffer. Against strong research supports, this theory has been criticized. Unfalsifiablity, conflicting findings, alternative explanations, and insensitivity to non-Western languages and cultures are among those criticisms. Finally, it looks like the theory of terror management has pointed to an important matter in human behavior, which will be a strong and attractive theory in psychology after eliminating its shortcomings.}, Keywords = {Terror Management Theory, Death Anxiety, Self-Esteem, Cultural Worldview, Critics}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {135-148}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-118-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-118-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mohseni, Mehrzad and Esmaeili, Ma’soumeh and Kazemiyan, Somayeh}, title = {Study of hope discourse in adolescents with identity achievement}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to identify the components of hope discourse in adolescents with identity achievement after passing through the adolescent crisis. The present research has been conducted with a qualitative approach and the descriptive phenomenology of data collection. The statistical population included accessible adolescents who wished to participate in this study, also sampling was done purposefully and the sample was adolescents who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection tools include; the second version of the Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status (Bennion and Adams, 1986), as well as in-depth interview, data collection continued until data saturation, in the end, the number of participants in the study reached 12, the data analysis was coded in three steps. The findings of this research show that hope discourse components consist of two components; identify purpose and actualization purpose, also five sub-components include dynamism, orientation, strategy capability, action capability, and optimism. According to the results of this research, can say that the discourse of hope is the background or predisposing of identity achievement because adolescents with the experience of the space of hope discourse, begin a dynamic exploration and with a commitment to it explore the actualization of the goal.}, Keywords = {Hope Discourse, Identity Achievement, Discursive Psychology}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {149-160}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2536-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2536-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Balali, Sousan and Soleimanpouromran, Mahboube and Afrasyabi, Roya and Esmaeelishad, Behrang}, title = {Identifying educational components based on sexual ethics training in secondary school}, abstract ={One of the most important life changes is sexual development and the need for its guidance is sexual morality. This study aimed to identify, design, and validate educational components based on sexual ethics training in secondary high school. The present study was conducted using a mixed exploratory research design. In the qualitative part, the thematic analysis method was used with an inductive approach, and in the quantitative part, the descriptive survey method was used. Then, a 73-item questionnaire was constructed based on the obtained components. The statistical sample in the quantitative section included 375 specialists in the field of curriculum and professors of educational sciences, deputies, and directors of education in Khorasan Razavi province, and faculty members and experts in the field of ethics. To analyze the data, a confirmatory factor analysis method was used. Findings from content analysis led to the design of an educational model based on sexual ethics training with four main themes (targets, content, teaching-learning methods, and evaluation) and 19 basic themes. Findings showed that the measurement tool had factor validity. Also, the values related to estimating Cronbach's alpha coefficient to measure the internal correlation of basic themes were higher than 0.7, so the measuring tool related to these concepts had sufficient measurement accuracy. Based on the present findings, it can be stated that the inclusion of educational components based on sexual ethics education can be useful in sexual ethics education among high school students.}, Keywords = {Sex education, sexual ethics, students, high school.}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {161-170}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2549-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2549-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Dehnad, Vi}, title = {The theory of self-determination and its link to the theory of goal setting}, abstract ={Self-determination, as an important concept derived from the humanistic approach, plays an important role in psychological well-being. That what internal or external factors or motivations reinforce or inhibit self-determination is an aspect favored by psychologists in different fields. The present study, giving importance to self-determination as a meta-theory, adopts an analytical approach to first examine the theories derived from it, such as the theory of basic needs, cognitive evaluation, organismic integration, and causal orientation, and then explains its external examples such as the emergence of obedient, projective and independence-oriented personality type through looking at deterrent or controlling social factors. On the other hand, considering the qualitative welfare level of goals and motivations, related to self-determination, the study takes into account the two main tendencies of goal setting in individuals, namely the orientation to mastery and to performance, and the degree of their congruence with the features of self-determination. In this analogy, the orientation to mastery in individuals calls more for self-determination than the orientation to performance because mastery helps in developing individual ability, strengthening internal and autonomous motivations, and developing a healthy relationship in a social context. Finally, the practical-consultative capacity of self-determination theory in discovering the external controlling factors that cause psychological stress in the individual has been pointed out.}, Keywords = {Self-determination, organismic evaluation, need, intrinsic motivation, orientation to mastery}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {171-182}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2560-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2560-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Amirkhanloo, Azarakhsh and Mirzaian, Bahram and Hassanzadeh, Ramaz}, title = {Comparison of the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy and dialectical behavior therapy on interpersonal forgiveness and distress tolerance in Female victims of domestic violence}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and dialectical behavior therapy on interpersonal forgiveness and distress tolerance in female victims of domestic violence. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The statistical population of the study included all female victims of domestic violence who have been referred to Social emergency in Sari city in the winter of 2019 and spring of 2020.  Among them, 45 women were selected by purposive sampling and randomly replaced in a control group and two experimental groups (15 people in each group). The subjects of the first and second experimental groups received acceptance and commitment therapy (during 8 sessions) and dialectical behavior therapy (during 12 sessions), respectively. the control group did not receive any intervention. For data collection, the Interpersonal Forgiveness Inventory (Ehteshamzadeh, 2010) and Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005) were used. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and LSD post hoc test. The results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy significantly increased interpersonal forgiveness (F=7.34, p=16.32) and distress tolerance (F=7.34, p=0.01). Also, dialectical behavior therapy significantly increased interpersonal forgiveness (F=11.78, p=0.002) and distress tolerance (F=9.8, p=0.012). The results also showed that acceptance and commitment therapy has a greater effect on interpersonal forgiveness (F = 9.9 and p <0.05)and distress tolerance (F = 9.8 and p <0.05) than dialectical behavior therapy. According to the results of the present study, acceptance and commitment-based therapy can be used to increase interpersonal forgiveness and distress tolerance more effectively than dialectical behavior therapy in women affected by domestic violence.}, Keywords = {acceptance and commitment therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, interpersonal forgiveness, distress tolerance, domestic violence.}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-12}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2550-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2550-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mehdikhani, Maliheh and Hassanzadeh, Ramazan and Ghanadzadegan, Hosseinali}, title = {Comparison of the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Relaxation on Distress Tolerance in females with Multiple Sclerosis (MS)}, abstract ={The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and relaxation on distress tolerance in females with Multiple Sclerosis )MS(. This is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with the control group. The statistical population included all patients with MS who were referred to the MS Association of Mazandaran and had a medical record between 2019 and 2020 years. 45 females have been selected by purposive sampling method and randomly were assigned to three groups (control and two experimental groups). Then, the subjects of the first and second experimental groups received mindfulness-based stress reduction and relaxation in 8 sessions, respectively. The Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher,2005) was used before and after education for all three groups. The findings of the analysis of Covariance showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction  (F=6.09, p<0.05) and relaxation (F=16.03, p<0/05)  have led to an improvement in the distress tolerance of females with MS. The results of the  LSD test have shown that mindfulness-based stress reduction has been more impact on distress tolerance than relaxation. According to the findings of the present study, in the field of treatment and counseling of patients with MS, mindfulness-based stress reduction seems to be very effective and promising.}, Keywords = {Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, Relaxation, Distress Tolerance, Multiple Sclerosis, MS.}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {13-24}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2644-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2644-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Dousti, Peyman and Hosseininia, Narges and Dousti, Shabnam and Dousti, Pegah}, title = {Online group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on body dysmorphic and fear of body image in overweight people}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of online group therapy based on acceptance and commitment to body dysmorphic and fear of body image in overweight or obese people during the coronavirus pandemic. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group.  14 overweight or obese individuals were selected by purposive sampling between September and October 2020 and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent seven 120-minute minutes online sessions, but the control group did not receive any intervention until the end of the study. The measuring instruments of this study were the Body Dysmorphic Metacognitive Questionnaire (Rabiee et al., 2011) and Body Image Concern Inventory (Littleton et al., 2005).  Findings showed that online group therapy based on acceptance and commitment is effective on body dysmorphic and fear of body image in overweight people (p <0.05). From these findings, it can be concluded that online acceptance and commitment-based therapy have been effective for overweight people and can be used as an alternative during the coronavirus pandemic.  }, Keywords = {Online group therapy, body dysmorphic disorder, fear of body image, Obesity, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {25-32}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2582-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2582-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Shamsijey, Mehdi and Pourhosein, Reza and Noferesti, Azam}, title = {The relationship between ego strength and assertiveness: moderating role of mindfulness}, abstract ={The present study aimed to examine the moderating effect of mindfulness on the relationship between ego strength and assertiveness. The statistical population of the present study included all students of Tehran University in 2018. The statistical sample was Three hundred and one students who were selected by the cluster sampling method. All participants were asked to complete the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (Rathus, 1973), Ego Strength Scale (Besharat, 2007), and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (Brown and Ryan, 2003). The results indicated that assertiveness had a significant positive association with ego strength and mindfulness. The results of regression analysis indicated that mindfulness has no moderating effect on the relationship between assertiveness and ego strength.}, Keywords = {assertiveness, ego strength, mindfulness, ego control, ego resiliency}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {35-44}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2601-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2601-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Dehghan, Behnaz and Esazadeghan, Ali and Soleimani, Esmaiel}, title = {Evaluation of the effectiveness of Morita therapy on quality of life and pain intensity in older adults with chronic knee pain}, abstract ={The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Morita therapy on quality of life and pain intensity in older adult women with chronic knee pain. The research method was pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study included the older adults with chronic knee pain in 1399 in the period of June to August in Tabriz. The sample consisted of 30 female patients aged 60-70 years with chronic knee pain who entered the study by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 patients each group). The research instruments included the WHO Quality of Life - BREF questionnaire (WHO, 1996) and the intermittent and constant osteoarthritis pain questionnaire (Hawker et al, 2008). For the experimental group, Morita therapy was held for nine 90-minutes sessions one day each week. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that Morita therapy significantly increased the quality of life and its components and reduced pain intensity in the experimental group. According to research results, Morita therapy can help increase the quality of life and reduce the severity of pain in older adult women with chronic knee pain and can be used as an effective and complementary method along with other common therapies.}, Keywords = {Chronic knee pain, quality of life, pain intensity, older adults, Morita therapy}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {45-54}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2473-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2473-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Keyvanlo, Safura and Malehmir, Behzad and Ezatibabi, Maryam and Narimani, Mohamm}, title = {Effectiveness of Schema-Based Group Therapy Emotional Therapy on Emotional Anesthesia (Numbness) and Emotional Simplification in Mothers of Mentally Retarded Children}, abstract ={Today, mothers of mentally retarded children have many emotional problems. Therefore, the aim of this study was the effectiveness of group therapy, schema-based therapy, emotional therapy on emotional anesthesia, and emotional simplification of mothers of mentally retarded children. This was a pre-test-post-test experimental study with a control group. The statistical population of the study was all mothers with mentally retarded children less than 15 years old, Ardabil city in the spring of 1399. By referring to Ardabil Welfare Office, 4 centers and schools were selected from rehabilitation centers and exceptional schools by multi-stage cluster sampling method, and 40 families of children with mental disabilities were selected by sample method. Select simple random sampling in accordance with the criteria for research and willingness to participate in treatment from the welfare center of Ardabil city and place the mothers of the family in two groups of random assignment, experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 20). they got. The experimental group received 10 sessions of group emotional therapy regimen but the control group did not. Members of both groups responded to the Leahy Emotional Schemas Scale (2002) before and after treatment. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the effectiveness of the therapeutic schema based on emotional therapy is significant with emotional anesthesia (P<0/01) and emotional simplification (P<0/01). other results of this cure resulted in a significant reduction in scores of emotional numbness and emotional numbness in mothers of low - power - power children studied in the experiment group compared to the control group. in general, the results of this research show that emotional disorders can be considered as an effective remedy for modifying many of the emotional schemas of mothers of low power.}, Keywords = {Scheme of emotional therapy, emotional anesthesia, emotional simplification, mental retardation}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {55-64}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2561-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2561-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Farsijani, Niloufar and Pourshahriar, Hossein and Melhi, Elnaz and RezvandelRamzi, Fatemeh}, title = {Structural Equation Model of the Relationship between Attachment styles and Psychological Distress: The Mediating role of Emotional Schemas}, abstract ={Depression and anxiety are among the most common psychological disorders that, in addition to imposing exorbitant costs on the individual and society, also overlap with many psychological disorders. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of emotional schemas in the relationship between attachment styles and psychological distress. This research was descriptive-correlational.  The statistical population included students who were studying in the Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology of Tehran and Shahid Beheshti Universities in the academic year 2019-2020, and 154 of them were selected by convenience sampling method. All subjects in the sample answered three questionnaires: Revised Adult Attachment Scale Questionnaire (Collins and Reed, 1990), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (Laviband and Laviband, 1995), and the Leahy Emotional Schema Scale (Leahy, 2002)... A Sobel mediation test was used to analyze the data and to determine the indirect effect. The results showed that adaptive emotional schemas play a mediating role in the relationship between secure and insecure attachment styles and psychological distress (p≤0.05). There is an indirect relationship between attachment styles and psychological distress by considering emotional schemas as mediating factors. According to the results of the present study, it can be suggested that for the treatment of depression and anxiety, simultaneously repair and improve attachment styles and emotional schemas.}, Keywords = {emotional schemas, attachment styles, psychological distres}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {65-76}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2704-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2704-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mikaeeli, Niloofar and Moradikelardeh, Paris}, title = {The Role of Ego Strengths and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation in predicting Non- Suicidal Self-Injury Behavior in Students}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Ego strengths and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation with Non- Suicidal Self Injury behaviors in high school students. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive correlational and its statistical population was all high school students in Ardabil, which 197 students (102 boys and 95 girls) from four high schools selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method. In order to collect data, psychosocial inventory of  Ego strengths by Markstrom et al (1997), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale by Gratz and Roemer (2004), and self-injury questionnaire by Sansone, Wiederman, and Sansone (1998) were used. After data collection, data were analyzed using, Pearson correlation test and stepwise regression. The results showed that self-injury behaviors have a significant negative relationship with components of hope, will, competence, and purpose of Ego strengths and have a significant positive relationship with components of rejection, difficulty in controlling, and lack of emotional awareness of difficulty in regulating emotion (p<0.01). Also, components of hope, competence, and purpose of Ego strengths and the component of difficulty in controlling Difficulties in Emotion Regulation were able to predict self-injury behaviors. Therefore, according to this result, ego strengths and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation are related to the possibility of self-injury behaviors and It is necessary to be considered in the development of intervention and prevention programs.}, Keywords = {non- suicidal self injury, ego strengths, self-control, difficulties in emotion regulation}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {77-88}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2548-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2548-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Esmailzadeh, Hamideh and Abolghasemi, Abbas and Kazemi, Reza and Narimani, Mohamm}, title = {The Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training on Control Depressed Mood, Anger and Anxiety in Obese Girls}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-compassion training program on Control Depressed Mood, Anger, and Anxiety in Obese Girls. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical sample of the study was 40 obese Girls students in the tenth and eleventh grades who were selected from among the students of Ahar city in 2018 by convenience sampling and in two groups self-compassion training 20 and control group 20,) Were replaced randomly. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 70 minutes of compassion training. An Emotion control scale was used to collect data (Williams et al, 1997). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. Findings showed that self-compassion training program had a significant effect on improving depressed mood (P<0.014), anger (P<0.009), and stress (P<0.001) Had in obese girls. These results indicate that this training has good practicality for improving emotion control and can be used as a therapeutic/educational option by psychologists.}, Keywords = {self-compassion training, obesity, depressed mood, anger, anxiety}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {89-98}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2537-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2537-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Shaabani, Yalda and Niusha, Beheshteh}, title = {The prediction of job bullying through by work-Family conflicts and basic psychological needs for nurses and nurse s aides}, abstract ={The present study aimed at predicting job bullying through work-family conflicts and basic psychological needs in nurses and nurse's aides. The methodology of the study was descriptive- correlation. The statistic population included all employed nurses and nurse's aides in city Zaradiah, out of whom, 132 subjects were selected by convenience sampling. Data collection instrument included negative acts questionnaire- revised (Einarsen et al, 2009), psychological basic needs questionnaire (Guaria et al. 2000), and Work-Family Conflict Scale (Carlson et al, 2000). Data were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Regarding the findings, there is a positive and significant relationship between job-bullying and work-family conflicts and family-work conflicts, while there is a negative and significant relationship between job-bullying and psychological basic needs. The results of regression analysis demonstrated that 33%, 44%, and 47.2 % of job-bullying are explainable through psychological basic needs, work-family conflicts, and family-work conflicts, respectively. According to the obtained results, it can be claimed that work-family conflicts and psychological basic needs are factors influencing job-bullying in nurses and nurse’s aides. Thus designing psychological interventions by relevant authorities can be effective for decreasing job bullying in medical care settings}, Keywords = {Work-Family Conflict, Family-Work Conflict, Basic Psychological Needs, Job Bullying}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {99-108}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2547-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2547-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Abdi, Sabah and Abdullahpoor, Arastoo and Ahmadifar, Rashid and Savare, Farough and Arad, Mansour}, title = {The effectiveness of Covid-19 Lifestyle Training on Mental Health and Adherence to Health Protocols: Application of BASNEF Model}, abstract ={The purpose of the present research was to study the effectiveness of lifestyle training appropriate to the Covid-19 era (based on the BASNEF model) on the mental health of and adherence to health protocols by the students. This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and a control group. The population consisted of all ninth-grade students at Ibn Sina high school in Boukan in the academic year 2019-2020. Among them, 30 people entered the study by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (15 people each). Research data were collected using the Mental Health Questionnaire (Goldberg and Hiller, 1979) and the researcher-made health Protocol Adherence Questionnaire. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in mental health and its sub-components and adherence to health protocols (P <0.05). Based on the research findings, lifestyle training based on the BASNEF model can be used to increase mental health and adherence to health protocols during the Covid-19 epidemic.}, Keywords = {lifestyle, Covid-19, mental health, Observance of health protocols.}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {109-122}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2559-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2559-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Yousefi, Zohreh and Gol, Alireza and Aghamohammadian, Hamidreza and Seyadzadeh, Iman and Valipur, Mohamm}, title = {Investigating the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and antisocial and borderline personality disorder mediated by pathological hostility and negative emotion}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and antisocial and borderline personality disorder mediated by morbid hostility and negative emotion. This research is a descriptive and path analysis that a statistical sample of 359 people (230 females and 129 males), which was available in the range of 18 to 50 years old in the city of Mashhad was selected. The research instruments included Young's Early maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (1990), Bagby and Farolden Personality Disorders (2007), and the DSM-5 Personnel Questionnaire based on Garger et al. (2012). The results of the path analysis showed that the model has a good fit. Gamma pathway coefficients (g) including schemas of abandonment, worry, self-punishment, and distrust of the negative emotion variable were significant (P <0.05). Gamma pathway coefficients also include schemas of concern, deficiency, self-sacrifice, superiority, and self-control to the variable of pathological hostility. Finally, beta (β) pathway coefficients of negative emotion to antisocial personality disorder and hostility to antisocial personality became significant. Also, the path coefficient of pathological hostility to pathological personality was significant. Therefore, it can be concluded that early maladaptive schemas, mediated by negative emotion and pathological hostility, are able to predict borderline and antisocial personality disorder.}, Keywords = {Early maladaptive schemas, morbid hostility and negative affect, antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {123-132}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2586-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2586-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {HajAkbari, Elham and Abbasi, Ghodrat Allah}, title = {Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on internalized Shame and fear of failure in female students at elementary school}, abstract ={Puberty coincides with the transition to high school is an important challenge for Sixth-grade students in Iran that can lead to negative emotions such as shame and fear of failure in girls. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on internalized shame and fear of failure in sixth-grade girls. The present study was a quasi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all sixth-grade female students of primary schools in Babol, Mazandaran province in the academic year 1397-98, 30 of whom were selected based on the inclusion criteria by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The Internalized Shame Scale (Ferguson et al., 2000) and the Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (Conroy, 2002) were used to collect data in pre-test and post-test. The experimental group received eight 60-minute sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy weekly, while the control group did not receive training. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that group therapy based on acceptance and commitment was effective in reducing internal shame (p <0.001; F = 36.94) and fear of failure (p <0.001; F = 34.50). Based on the findings of this study, it can be said that acceptance and commitment therapy can be used as an effective intervention to reduce the fear of failure and internalized shame of female students.  }, Keywords = {Acceptance and commitment therapy, Internalized shame, Fear of failure}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {133-142}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2595-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2595-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Nikan, Abdolsamad and LotfiKashani, Farah and Vaziri, Shahram and Mojtabaie, Mi}, title = {Comparison of group therapy of paradoxical timetable and cognitive behavioral therapy on defense mechanisms and symptoms of individual with social anxiety}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was a comparison of the effectiveness of group therapy of paradoxical timetable and cognitive behavioral therapy on defense mechanisms and symptoms of individuals with social anxiety disorder. The population of the present study consisted of individuals diagnosed with social anxiety disorder in Tehran and Gorgan that of these, 45 were selected by available sampling method and were assigned into one control group and two experimental groups. The instruments used in the study included the Defense Style Questionnaire (1993) and Social Phobia Inventory (2000). Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is no significant difference between paradoxical timetable treatment and cognitive-behavioral therapy in terms of defense mechanisms and social anxiety symptoms scores in the post-test and follow-up stages (p> 0.05). Based on the results of this study, it can be said that the treatment of paradoxical timetable and cognitive-behavioral has reduced defense mechanisms and symptoms in individuals with social anxiety disorder.  }, Keywords = {Paradox Timetable, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Defense Mechanisms, Symptoms, Social Anxiety Disorder.}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {143-154}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2683-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2683-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Kolbadinejad, Mahdieh and Asadi, Javanshir and Pourasghararabi, Mehdi and Aghaei, Mehr}, title = {Comparison of the effectiveness of clinical hypnosis and cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy (CBH) treatment on physical symptoms and sexual satisfaction of women with fibromyalgia syndrome in Gorgan}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of clinical hypnosis and cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy (CBH) treatment on physical symptoms and sexual satisfaction of women with fibromyalgia syndrome in Gorgan. In this study, single-subject designs (A-A-B) were used. The statistical population includes all women with fibromyalgia syndrome who have referred to medical centers in Gorgan. According to the present research design, 9 references were used. Of these, 3 patients received clinical hypnosis treatment and 3 patients received cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy (CBH) treatment. Three patients were included in the non-intervention group as a control. In order to collect data, Powell and Enright's (1991) Physical Symptoms Questionnaire (PE_PSQ)  and Multidimensional Female Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSSW) (2014) were used. Therapeutic interventions for experimental groups were held for 8 sessions, and one group did not receive any intervention. To analyze the data, graph analysis methods, stable change index, clinical significance, recovery percentage were used. According to the obtained results, it can be stated that in terms of sexual satisfaction, cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy treatment was more effective than clinical hypnosis with 59.36% improvement, also in physical symptoms of cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy treatment compared to clinical hypnosis. The effectiveness was more effective with a 57.14% improvement. In general, based on the findings, it can be said that both treatments could have a greater impact on research variables than the non-intervention group. Therefore, it is recommended that physicians pay attention to treatment such as cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy in the treatment of this syndrome}, Keywords = {Fibromyalgia, Cognitive-Behavioral Hypnotherapy (CBH), Clinical Hypnosis, Sexual Satisfaction, Physical Symptoms, Women}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {155-166}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2868-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2868-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {BagheriSheykhangafshe, Farzin and HejaziMoughari, Elaheh}, title = {The Evolution of Social Cognition Development in Children whit Autism Spectrum and ADHD Disorders: A Systematic Review Study}, abstract ={Autism spectrum and attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) disorders are associated with widespread social cognitive impairments that affect their social relationships. In this regard, the present review study was conducted to investigate the development of social cognition in children with autism spectrum and ADHD disorders. In this systematic meta-analysis study, published articles on the development of social cognition in children with autism spectrum and ADHD disorder from 2008 to 2020 were reviewed. In order to access related scientific documents, the keywords Social Cognition, Autism Spectrum, Exceptional Children and ADHD disorder in the titles and abstracts of articles published in reputable domestic and international scientific databases such as SID, Magiran, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were searched and all related Persian and English articles were listed. Out of a total of 872 related articles published by 2020, 25 Persian and English articles were reviewed. According to the results of the studies, children with autism spectrum disorders and ADHD had low levels of social cognition and development of social cognition dimensions such as the theory of mind, empathy, decision making, facial recognition, behavior, and social interactions. According to the findings of the present study, it is recommended that interventions be taken by psychologists and therapists to rehabilitate and improve social cognition and prevent psychological disorders in children with ASD and ADHD.}, Keywords = {Social Cognition, Autism spectrum, ADHD, Exceptional Children}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {167-180}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2592-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2592-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {AhmadvandShahverdi, Mohammad and Besharat, Mohammad Ali}, title = {Body dysmorphic disorder: Review article}, abstract ={According to the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is classified as obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. The predominant feature of this relatively common disorder is a sense of deficiency in body Image and body shame causing compulsory behaviors to fix the deficits or flaws in physical appearance. This review paper first presents the definition and concept of BDD. epidemiology, etiology, comorbidity, theories, and therapeutic approaches to this disorder are also reviewed. Next, common medication treatments and cognitive-behavioral interventions for treating BDD are discussed. Ultimately, paradoxical psychotherapy is presented as a novel psychotherapy model for treating BDD.}, Keywords = {Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), body image, feeling of shame, Obsessive–compulsive disorder, treatment}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {181-196}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2489-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2489-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Tashvighi, Mostafa and Parvaneh, Pegah and Aghamiri, Seyedehzahr}, title = {Psychological interventions and characteristics affecting COVID-19 and its resulting Psychopathology: A systematic review study}, abstract ={Coronavirus disease   (COVID-19), which is a threat to global health, in addition to endangering physical health, will exert irrecoverable psychological effects. Due to this, it is necessary to know the positive psychological factors and effective psychological therapies to deal with this disease. the purpose of this study was to investigate interventions and psychological characteristics affecting Coronavirus disease and its Psychopathology by systematic review method. For this purpose, studies during the years 2019 to 2020  in Persian databases were reviewed by searching for the keywords Corona, Covid 19, quarantine, psychological characteristics, and mental health. Based on the inclusion criteria, 23 articles were included in the study and their results were classified, summarized, and reported. The results showed that increased anxiety and depression, sleep problems, fear of death, and post-traumatic stress are among the psychological consequences of the prevalence of this disease for ordinary people. Also, having traits such as resilience, psychological toughness, humor and a sense of cohesion can help people against the pressures of the corona. Psychological therapies, including therapies based on spirituality, reality therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy are effective in helping to cope with illness. Based on the results of the present study, it is necessary to make educational and therapeutic interventions in order to reduce psychological problems and strengthen positive psychological characteristics to deal with Coronavirus disease.}, Keywords = {Coronavirus disease , COVID-19, Psychological interventions, Psychological characteristics, Psychopathology, review study}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {197-206}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2581-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2581-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ghavami, Seyedeh Baharan and Zarani, Farib}, title = {Cancer, Covid-19 and the perspective of treatments.}, abstract ={Covid-19 pandemic had global effects on chronic patients, health systems, and the future of treatments. Among the chronic patients, people who have cancer are identifying as a vulnerable group because of their malignancy and suppressive treatments which weaken their immune system. The present descriptive-analytic article, which is conducted from studying various recent articles in Persian and English databases using the keywords cancer, coronavirus, digital treatments, diagnosis, screening, and cancer treatment, focuses on the perception of cancer patients from a covid-19 pandemic, the status of screening and diagnostic tests and the future perspective of health systems from 2019 to 2020. Cancer patients’ approach toward pandemics is on a spectrum, from anxiety and depression to feeling of peace with control and self-efficacy. Furthermore, cancer associations report that the rate of screening has been significantly decreased while it can increase the risk of metastasis in upcoming decades. However, not all treatment postpones are dangerous. It is noteworthy that cancer patients are time-sensitive, hence the health system is better to consider digital and technological treatment alternatives to minimize the patient presence in medical centers. eHealth and telemedicine had significant progress after the coronavirus pandemic and facilitate the delivery of services for patients and professionals, while the public opinion is positive about it.}, Keywords = {Cancer, Covid-19, Coronavirus, eHealth, Digital Health Technologies, Screening, Cancer diagnosis}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {207-218}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2554-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2554-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {AbdollahiEbrahimAbadi, Zohreh and Besharat, MohammadAli}, title = {Use of eye tracking technology in eating disorders: Review Study}, abstract ={Eating disorders are among the topics of interest to many researchers and have been studied from several perspectives. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), these disorders include persistent eating disorders or eating-related behaviors and have different types such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, pica, and other disorders that can lead to significant physical, psychological and social damages. One of the tools that have received special attention in recent years is eye-tracking technology, which provides useful information to the researcher by tracking eye movements. This technology has been used to study the attention of people suffering from eating disorders to various stimuli. The purpose of this review is to summarize the data obtained from these studies. For this purpose, related keywords were searched in Science Direct and Pubmed databases. After removing articles that were not suitable for the purpose of the present study, 19 articles were reviewed. The results led to three general categories of food stimuli, body and facial emotions as the main stimuli in the field of eating disorders research using eye-tracking technology.}, Keywords = {eating disorders, eye tracking, review study}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {219-230}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2555-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2555-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Imani, Saeed and BaghbaniNader, Mona and HosseinzadehOskooi, Ali and NorooziDashtaki, Mahi}, title = {Investigating the Mediating Role of Gratitude in the Relationship Between Religious Orientation and Marital Satisfaction}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between religious orientation and marital satisfaction with the mediating role of gratitude. This is a descriptive-analytical study, was performed using correlation and path analysis. In this study, 148 teachers and students of Cultural Official of Qom were selected by random sampling and completed the Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (Olson and et al,1989), the Religious Orientation Questionnaire (Allport & Ross, 1950), and the Gratitude Questionnaire (McClough, Ammons & Sang, 2002). For data analysis, In addition to descriptive methods, structural equation model and Boot strop were used (P˂0/01). Structural equation model analyses emphasize the fitness of the proposed model with empirical data. The results indicated a direct effect of religious orientation on marital satisfaction and the indirect effect of this variable through gratitude on marital satisfaction. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that gratitude plays a mediating role in the relationship between religious orientation and marital satisfaction.}, Keywords = {Religious Orientation, Marital Satisfaction, Gratitude}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {1-12}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2614-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2614-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Danesh-Mirkohan, Roya Alsadat and Taklavi, Somayyeh and Kazemi, Rez}, title = {Comparing the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy with Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy, On Self-Control and Emotional Flexibility in Women with Compulsive Buying}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, on self-control and emotional flexibility in women with compulsive buying. The method of the present study was Semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study was all women aged 20-45 years in Rasht in the first half of 2020 that 45 people were identified through random sampling through screening (15 people acceptance and commitment therapy; 15 people mind-based cognitive therapy Awareness and 15 controls). Each experimental group received 8 training sessions of 90 minutes of therapeutic intervention. Data collection tools included the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Scale (Faber & O'guinn, 1992), the Self-Control Scale Tangney, Baumeister & Boone (2004), and the Emotional Flexibility Questionnaire (Taghizadeh and Mohebipour, 2017). The collected data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and El-Matrix post hoc test. According to the research findings, both treatments had a significant effect on improving self-control and emotional resilience in women with obsessive-compulsive disorder (P<0.01). Also, the results of the post hoc test showed that the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on the variables of emotional flexibility (all components) (P<0.024) and self-control (P<0.025) was greater than cognitive therapy based on mindfulness. The results emphasize the importance of using both therapies to improve self-control and emotional resilience in women with obsessive-compulsive disorder by psychotherapists.}, Keywords = {Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, Self-Control, Emotional Flexibility, Compulsive Buying}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {13-24}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2618-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2618-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Hasani, Jafar and BastamiKatuli, Malek and Khani, Zahr}, title = {The Role of Emotion Utilization, Emotion Assessment, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in Adult Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder}, abstract ={Recent studies have argued that emotional impulsiveness and deficient emotional self-regulation are central components in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. The aim of this study was to determine the role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies, utilization of emotion, and appraisal of emotion in predicting adults' attention-deficit/ hyperactivity symptoms. So, Two hundred and ninety-three undergraduate and MA students (141 boys and 152 girls) were selected by convenience sampling and answered the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV (BAARS-IV), and Emotional Intelligence Scale-41 (FEIS-41). The result of hierarchical regression analysis showed after removing the effect of utilization of emotion and appraisal of emotion, five cognitive strategies of emotion regulation including self-blame, catastrophizing, other-blame, refocus on planning and positive reappraisal significantly have a role in predicting adult ADHD symptoms. The results suggest that cognitive emotion regulation strategies must be included in the conceptualization and diagnosis of Adult ADHD.}, Keywords = {Attention Deficit, Hyperactivity, Cognitive Emotion Regulation, Emotion Assessment, Emotion Utilization}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {25-34}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2323-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2323-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Soleimani, Esmaiel and Esmaieli, Ays}, title = {The Effectiveness of Cognitive – Behavioral Hypnotherapy on clinical symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome}, abstract ={Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that is associated with abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, or a combination of symptoms. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy on clinical symptoms of patients with Irritable bowel syndrome. The method of this study was quasi-experimental With a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all patients with irritable bowel syndrome referred to gastroenterologists in Urmia city during May – June 2019. Among them, 30 patients were selected by convenience method and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (15 patients in each group).  The Bowel symptoms severity-frequency scale (Solati Dehkordi et al, 2011) was administered in pre-test and post-test. The experimental group received cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy for 8 weekly sessions for 60 minutes, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The collected data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that the average scores of physical symptoms in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group in the post-test (p≤0/001, F=477/58). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral hypnotherapy can be effective in improving patients with irritable bowel syndrome.}, Keywords = {irritable bowel syndrome, Cognitive -behavioral hypnotherapy, clinical symptoms}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {35-44}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2482-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2482-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Shabani, Ghazaleh and Nemattavousi, Mohtaram}, title = {The Mediating Role of Maternal Caregiving Quality in the Relationship Between Mother’s Self-Esteem and Children’s Emotional and Behavioral Disorders}, abstract ={This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of maternal caregiving quality in the relationship between the mother¢s self-esteem and the child¢s emotional and behavioral disorders. 388 mothers with 6-14 years old children in primary schools of 2 and 5 districts of Tehran in the academic year of 1398 entered the study by the convenience sampling method and answered to the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001), Multidimensional Self-Esteem Inventory (O’Brien & Epstein, 1998) and Maternal Caregiving Quality Scale (Ghanbari et al., 1390). The path analysis test results showed that the indirect impact of the mother¢s self-esteem on children's internalizing (b=0/14) and externalizing problems (b=0/23) is significant with the mediating role of maternal caregiving quality. This study corroborates the mediating role of maternal caregiving quality in the relationship between the mother¢s self-esteem and emotional and behavioral disorders in children. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the mother¢s self-esteem and the quality of maternal caregiving have significant effects on emerging child¢s emotional and behavioral disorders. Considering these variables may be useful in preventing, diagnosing, and treating emotional and behavioral disorders in children.}, Keywords = {maternal caregiving quality, self-esteem, emotional and behavioral disorders, mother, child}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {45-56}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2593-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2593-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ashrafialavijeh, Masoumeh and Atashinjabin, Masoumeh}, title = {The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Psychological Capital and Work-Family Conflict in Education Staff}, abstract ={The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on psychological capital and work-family conflict in Education Staff. This research is applied in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in terms of method. The statistical population of the study included 110 education staff of Shahinshahr city. Based on purposive sampling, 30 employees with higher work-family conflict scores were selected and randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The experimental group received acceptance and commitment therapy training for 8 sessions. The Work-Family Conflict Scale  (Carlson et al, 2000) and the   Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Lutans, 2007) were used to collect data in pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. Findings showed that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective in reducing work-family conflict and increasing the two components of psychological capital (self-efficacy and optimism). According to the present study, acceptance and commitment-based therapy can be considered as a suitable way to increase psychological capital and reduce work-family conflict in employees.}, Keywords = {Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Psychological Capital, Work-Family Conflict, Staff}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {57-66}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2617-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2617-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Nasiri, Bijan and Shahgholian, Mahnaz}, title = {investigating the mediating role of shame and self-esteem in the relationship between self-compassion and depressive symptoms among students}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of shame and self-esteem in the relationship between self-compassion and depression in students. 251 undergraduate and graduate students (169 girls and 82 boys) from the Kharazmi University of Tehran, Isfahan and Shahreza were selected and answered online to Compassion Scale questionnaires Responded to Reese et al. (2011), Beck Depression Inventory (1972), Tangney et al. (1989) Self-Conscious Affect Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965). In the present correlation study, In order to investigate the hypothesized structural model, the statistical method of equivalent modeling was used. The results showed that the hypothetical model of mediation role of shame and self-esteem in the relationship between self-compassion and depression had a good fit with the data. In addition, the results showed that in the hypothesized model, all regression weights were statistically significant (P<.05). In this model, 81% of the variance of depression scores was explained through the latent variables of self-esteem, shame, and compassion. The results showed that self-esteem and shame can play a mediating role in the relationship between self-compassion and depression. The findings of the present study can be used to reduce depression through treatment and education of patients with compassion.}, Keywords = {self compassion, depression, self esteem, shame}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {67-78}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2609-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2609-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Azarbar, Azin and Nemati, Fateme and Hashemi, Touraj}, title = {The Comparison of Executive Functions problem solving, response inhibition and cognitive flexibility in unfaithful and normal women}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to compare the executive functions of problem-solving, response inhibition, and cognitive flexibility in unfaithful and normal women. The research method was causal-comparative. The sample consisted of 40 women with experience of infidelity from among those who referred to counseling centers in Sari and Ghaemshahr and 40 women without experience of infidelity who entered the study in a purposeful manner. The research instruments were Wisconsin, Go-NoGo, and Stroop tests. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. Findings showed that women with experience of infidelity compared to normal women had significantly lower scores in problem-solving, response inhibition, and cognitive flexibility (P <0.05). Given the importance of executive functions in female infidelity, it is suggested that these factors be considered in marital infidelity prevention programs.}, Keywords = {problem solving, response inhibition, cognitive flexibility, infidelity}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {79-86}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2634-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2634-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Yousefiafrashteh, Majid and Hayati, Mozhgam}, title = {Identifying the components of marital happiness in Iranian families: An grounded theory approach}, abstract ={Based on the shortcomings and gaps observed, especially in the research literature of Iran, the main purpose of this study was to use a qualitative approach to deeply understand the lived experience of happy Iranian couples in life. This qualitative research was conducted using a The grounded theory approach. Participants were 41 happy couples living in Zanjan who were purposefully selected based on the results of Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire and family counseling interview. The data collection method was a semi-structured interview. The results of the analysis identified four general themes and thirteen underlying factors for marital happiness experience including appropriate context (families, marriage readiness, financial resources), adaptive beliefs (realistic expectations, belief in understanding and acceptance, commitment and monitoring of commitment), relationship-strengthening behaviors (companionship and joint activity, communication skills, problem-solving, support, responsibility) and positive feelings (excitement, positive feeling, Aesthetics, Kindness). The themes identified in the present study, due to their relationship with theoretical foundations and their high abstraction, in addition to comprehensiveness, have a theoretical structure related to the body of knowledge and existing theories. The extracted components in the present study are explained from the perspective of cognitive-behavioral theory.}, Keywords = {Family, Happiness, Marital Satisfaction, Qualitative Research}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {87-96}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2623-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2623-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {VakilzadehDizaji, Elaheh and Adib, Yousef and Daneshvar, Zarrin and Talebi, Behnam}, title = {Consequences of contextual factors in the process of formation of spiritual intelligence of high school students}, abstract ={The present study was conducted to determine the consequences of underlying factors in the process of formation of spiritual intelligence of high school students using data theory and based on the paradigm model of Strauss and Corbin (2008). Participants included 21 Secondary school students in Tabriz, teachers, and people in contact with students. Purposeful approach and theoretical sampling technique were used for sampling and data saturation logic was used for sample adequacy. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and coded. To increase the validity of the findings, the researcher's angle method and data checking by participants were used. The results showed that the consequences of the process of formation of spiritual intelligence include a change in worldview, achieving inner peace, success in life, and the growth of moral values which are influenced by internal, environmental, religious, and transcendental values as underlying factors. Achieving inner peace was conceptualized as a central phenomenon. Achieving inner peace was conceptualized as a central phenomenon.}, Keywords = {Spiritual intelligence, context, process, consequence.}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {97-106}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2632-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2632-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Kamsari, Fatemeh and KeshavarzAfshar, Hossein and Ghadami, Majid and Ahghar, Ghodsi}, title = {Comprehensive the effects of Adlerian group counseling and reality therapy on self-efficacy in students of middle school}, abstract ={The present study aims to compare the effects of Adlerian group counseling and reality therapy on well-being in students of middle school in Tehran city. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all-female high school students in public schools in Tehran in the academic year 2019-2020. Using the purposive sampling method, 45 participants were selected and then randomly divided into three 15-individual groups. The first experimental group received ten 90-minute sessions of the Adlerian counseling training program and the second experimental group participated in ten 90-minute sessions of reality therapy counseling training program. Research instruments the Self-Efficacy Scale (Scheier and Carver 1982). Research data were analyzed using ANCOVA. The results showed that there is a difference between the first experimental group of Adlerian group counseling, the second experimental group of reality therapy, and the control group in psychological well-being (P˃0.001). Adlerian group counseling had a higher effect on Self-efficacy than reality therapy. Therefore, Adlerian group counseling is an effective way to increase students'}, Keywords = {Adlerian grouping counseling, Reality therapy, Self-efficacy, Students}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {107-118}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2639-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2639-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Asayesh, Ali and Dokhtmohammad, Sahar and Sareshteh, Arezou}, title = {The effectiveness of self-compassion training on reducing self-criticism levels and improving Self-concept clarity in students with physical disabilities}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of self-compassion training on reducing self-critical levels and improving Self-concept clarity in students with physical disabilities. The method of this research was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with the control group. The statistical population of the study included all first-grade high school students in Ardabil city in the academic year 2019-2020. The number of research samples was 40 people who were selected by the targeted sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups of self-compassion training (20 people) and a control group (20 people). In order to collect the data, the Self-concept clarity Scale (Campbell et al, 1996) and the levels of self-criticism scale (Thampson & Zuroff, 2004) were used. Eight 70-minute compassion training sessions were performed for the experimental group. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test was used to analyze the data. Findings showed that self-compassion training had a significant effect on improving self-concept clarity (F=8.76, P<0/01) and reducing comparison self-criticism (F=8.14, P<0/01) and internal self-criticism (F=6.83, P<0/01) was present in students with physical disabilities. Based on these results, it can be stated that this educational /therapeutic method can be used by school psychologists to improve the reduction of self-critical levels and improving Self-concept clarity in students with physical disabilities.}, Keywords = {self-compassion training, self-criticism levels, improving Self-concept clarity, physical disabilities}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {119-128}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2655-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2655-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Amani, Habib and Habibi-Kaleybar, Ramin and Farid, Abolfazl and Sheykhalizadeh, Siavash}, title = {Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Cognitive Avoidance in the Prediction of Test Anxiety in Female Students}, abstract ={Test anxiety is a mental-emotional state that reduces student performance. The use of adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and cognitive avoidance has an important effect on how students get out of stressful situations. The aim of the present research was the role of cognitive emotion regulation and cognitive avoidance in predicting test anxiety in female students. The present study was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all 10th-grade female students in Azna city in the academic year 2019-2020, from which 336 female students were selected by available sampling. Data collection tools included the Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI; Spielberger, 1980), Cognitive Emotion Regulation (CERQ; Garnefski & keraij, 2006), and Cognitive Avoidance (CAQ; Sexton & Dougas, 2008). The data were analyzed by correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that there is a positive relationship between test anxiety and self-blame, acceptance, rumination, catastrophizing, other's blame, and cognitive avoidance strategies, there is a negative relationship between test anxiety with positive reappraisal (P <0.05). Results of regression analysis indicated that from among adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation, positive assessments negatively and from among non-adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation, self-blame other blame and from among strategies cognitive avoidance: thought Substitution and thought Suppression positively, they explain 41% of the test anxiety score. predict the test anxiety. As results indicate, the strategies employed by individuals to regulate their emotions can play a significant role in the determination of their test anxiety, and strengthening the adaptive cognitive emotion regulation should be regarded as an intervention and educational goal in enhancing the test anxiety.}, Keywords = {Cognitive avoidance, Test anxiety, Cognitive Emotion Regulation.}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {129-138}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3007-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3007-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Raisi, Mohamadreza and Asgharnejadfarid, Aliasghar and Jahan, Faeze and Moazedian, Ameneh}, title = {Comparison The Effectiveness of Online Text Messenger-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Telephone-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Persistent Depression Desorder}, abstract ={Depression is one of the frequent psychological disorders. In developing countries due to the high cost of the therapy, lack of access to a professional psychiatrist or psychologist and cultural misunderstanding, and other barriers many people can not get any treatment. Mass utilization of Telephones and Smartphones in the world provides an opportunity to bring help to those in need where it is not easy/able to get professional support treatment. The goal of this research is to compare the effects of online text messenger-based therapy and Telephone-based Cognitive-behavior therapy on Persistent Depression. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and a control group design. The study population included all 18– to 55– year–olds referring to four counseling and psychology clinics in the west of Tehran city, Iran, in the year 2019. 30  Persistent depressed patients were randomly selected as the study samples. The research tools were: The BDI-2 Beck et al. (1988) the Beck Depression Inventory with 21 questions and the SCID-5-CV First et al. (2016) the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5. Data were analyzed by SPSS-22 software using covariance analysis(ANCOVA). According to the findings of the study, that both cognitive-behavior therapy interventions (by Telephone and by WhatsApp) significantly decreased persistent depression in patients (p< 0.01). However, There were no significant differences in the effectiveness of these two interventions on these variables. Both of the methods (telephone and Online Text Messenger-Based cognitive-behavior) were effective to decrease the symptoms of depression.}, Keywords = {Cognitive behavioral therapy, Depression, Online text messenger,, online Text chat}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {139-150}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3084-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3084-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Shahrajabian, Fatemeh and Emadichashmi, sayed Javad and Rezaei, Parnian and Ghayerin, Elnaz}, title = {A review of the screening approach, brief intervention and referral in alcohol dependent patients referred to hospital emergency department with alcohol poisoning}, abstract ={In recent years, alcohol use disorders have been on the rise globally which is seen as a global issue. Alcohol consumption has many side effects and consequently various damages. In the past several years, various programs for the treatment of alcohol use have been introduced in the form of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. Although medication is one of the common and effective approaches, it seems that this type of treatment alone is not sufficient and should be considered in other therapies that take into account the psychological, social, and environmental aspects of patients. One of the protocols that focus on motivation and change in clients with alcoholism is screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment. In the present study, with a systematic review of research backgrounds on the impact of screening, brief intervention, and treatment referral on alcohol dependents, global databases were screened based on related keywords, and papers were screened and their results extracted. The results indicated that screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment would improve referral and reduce alcohol use. Therefore, due to the effectiveness of the treatment model in improving the reduction of consumption and efficiency and the ability to implement this model in emergencies, patients with problems of alcohol abuse and dependence can be referred to appropriate medical centers.}, Keywords = {Screening, Brief Intervention, Referral, Alcohol Dependence}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {151-162}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2577-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2577-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Javaheri, Abbas and Vakili, Motahareh}, title = {The Opportunities Challenges School Counselors Face Working with Students with Gender Dysphoria: A Systematic Review}, abstract ={The term “gender dysphoria” is used for those who experience a mismatch between their gender-related experience and the gender identity they have been assigned to when born. Recent studies show that students with gender dysphoria face unique challenges, and this also could create new challenges for school counselors working with them. The aim of this study was to present the opportunities and challenges school counselors face interacting with students with gender dysphoria. For the purpose of including relevant studies and resources, We used valid scientific databases such as Taylor & Francis, PubMed, Elsevier, Magiran, Noormags, and SID. We also included results found using Google Scholar and ScienceDirect to extend the breadth and depth of the review process. Moreover, we specifically included keywords such as “school counselor”, “gender identity”, “transexual”, “gender dysphoria” and “gender dissatisfaction”. Out of 60 related studies, 7 papers met the criteria for inclusion in this study. The results indicate the significance of counselor education in working with students with gender dysphoria; also, it highlights the necessity of more investigation about the topic and formulating intervention programs for working with the target population.}, Keywords = {school counselor, gender dysphoria, gender identity disorder, systematic review, transexual}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {163-172}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2628-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2628-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Arbab, Hamzeh and Mirzahoseini, Hasan and Monirpour, Nader}, title = {Predicting pathological substance use relapse based on object-relations and personality organization in Male addicts treated with methadone}, abstract ={This research was conducted to predict substance use relapse based on object-relations and personality organization in male addicts treated with methadone. The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included the male addicts who were treated with methadone in Kashan city in the spring of 2019 among which 170 individuals were selected through convenience sampling. In order to gather the data, the Relapse Prediction Scale (Wright et al., 2001), the Bell Object Relations Inventory (1955), and the Inventory of Personality Organization (Kernberg and Clarkin, 1995) were used. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that both the object relations and the personality organization explained 0.48 and 0.17 of the variance of the substance use relapse, respectively. The regression coefficient in the dimensions of insecure attachment, inadequacy, the first defense mechanisms, identity confusion, and the borderline personality organization were 0.28, 0.29, 0.70, 0.16, and 0.18, respectively (P<0/01). According to the findings of this study, object relations and personality organization can help predict pathological substance use relapse.}, Keywords = {Substance relapse, Object relation, Personality organization.}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {173-184}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2519-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2519-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mohammadi, Elnaz and Khanjani, Zeynab}, title = {The Comparison of Sensitivity to Punishment And Reward and Accident Proneness in ADHD and SCT Children}, abstract ={Accidents, both intentional and unintentional, are one of the leading causes of death and disability for children around the world and impose a heavy financial burden on the health care system of societies. The aim of the present study was to compare sensitivity to punishment and reward and accident proneness in children with ADHD and SCT disorders The design of the present study was in the frame of Casual Comparative. Participants comprised 100 children (50 ADHD and 50 SCT) from elementary schools in Tabriz in 1398-1399 academic years, which were selected through a screening method using the Child Behavior Rating Scale (Swanson, Nolan, Pelham,1980), SCT questioner (Penny, Waschbusch, Klein, Corkum, Eskes, 2009), Balloon Analogue Risk Task (Lejuez,2002), and Minor Injury Severity Scale (Peterson, Saldana, hilum, 1996) were performed on samples. For data analysis, Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and SPSS20 software was used. The findings show that children with ADHD obtained higher scores on sensitivity to reward and accident proneness and children with SCT obtained higher scores on sensitivity to punishment (p<0.05). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that children with sluggish cognitive tempo have less accident proneness than children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder due to their sensitivity to punishment traits.}, Keywords = {Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder, Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, Sensitivity to Punishment and Reward, Accident Proneness}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {185-194}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2054-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2054-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Hajialialiani, Vahid and Nouri, Robabeh}, title = {Bullying Behaviors Based on Parenting and Attachment Styles: A Review Study}, abstract ={Bullying is a pervasive experience for all children and adolescents that can result from personal, family, school, and wider environments. In this way, the role of family and others is very important. In this regard, the present review study was conducted to investigate bullying behaviors based on parenting styles and attachment. In this study, published articles on bullying behaviors in children and adolescents from 2008 to 2020 were reviewed. In order to obtain related scientific documents, the keywords of Bullying Behaviors, Parenting Styles, Attachment Styles in the title and abstract of articles published in reputable domestic and international scientific databases such as SID, Magiran, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, And ScienceDirect was searched and all related Persian and English articles were listed. Out of 764 related articles published by 2020, 33 qualified Persian and English articles were reviewed. The results of the studies indicated the role of parenting styles and attachment in the occurrence of bullying behaviors. Based on this, it was found that adolescents who had an ambivalent and avoidant insecure attachment style showed more bullying behaviors. Also, authoritarian and permissive parenting style was recognized as one of the important factors in creating bullying behaviors in adolescents. Based on the results of the present study, it is especially important to pay attention to the factors related to parenting style and attachment to prevent bullying behaviors.}, Keywords = {Bullying Behavior, Parenting Style, Attachment Style, Review}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {195-208}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2619-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2619-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Shabahang, Reza and BagheriSheykhangafshe, Farzin and Saeedi, Maryam and PourtahmasbiHasankiadeh, Maedeh and Ashabi, Shahram}, title = {Effectiveness of Online Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention on Health Anxiety, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Somatosensory Amplification of Healthy Individuals with High levels of COVID-19 Anxiety}, abstract ={Coronavirus 2019 is becoming pandemic and has caused varying levels of anxiety in the healthy population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the online cognitive-behavioral intervention on health anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and somatosensory amplification in healthy participants with high levels of COVID-19 anxiety. The present study was a semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with the control group. The statistical population of the study included all students of Guilan University with high levels of Covid-19 anxiety in the academic year 2020-2021, which were included in accordance to principles of diagnosis of health anxiety in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition. 60 participants were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to either experimental (n = 30) and Waiting for treatment (n = 30) groups. 8 sessions of cognitive-behavioral intervention were provided for the experimental group. Research instruments were Short Health Anxiety Inventory Salkovskis et al, Anxiety Sensitivity Taylor et al, and Somatosensory Amplification Scale Barsky et al. The results showed that cognitive-behavioral intervention led to a decrease in health anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and somatosensory amplification in the experimental group (p<0.01). According to the findings of the study, cognitive-behavioral intervention with emphasis on reducing negative appraisal, catastrophic beliefs, and exaggeration can be an effective way to reduce COVID-19 anxiety in a healthy population.}, Keywords = {COVID-19, health anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, somatosensory amplification}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {209-220}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2698-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2698-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {KianiChelmari, Ahmadreza and Shahbazi, Negare and Hasanzade, Afshin and JamshidianNaeini, Yasam}, title = {Predicting marital adjustment, satisfaction and Psychological Distress (depression and Anxiety) based on Perception of Parents marriage and Attachment Styles in Married Women}, abstract ={The present study investigated the marital adjustment, satisfaction, and psychological distress of married women based on their perceptions of parents' marriage and attachment styles. The research method was descriptive in the form of correlation and regression. The population included all married women of Zanjan city from whom 200 women were selected as the sample by availability sampling. The instruments included experiences in close relationships scale (ECRS), parents’ perceptions of marriage (PPM), marital satisfaction scale (MSS), patient health questionnaire (PHQ), marital adjustment scale (MAS), and generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire (GADQ). The data were analyzed by regression analysis. The results revealed that the correlation between parents' perceptions of marriage and marital adjustment/satisfaction was positively significant but it was negatively significant with depression. The correlation between avoidant attachment and marital satisfaction was negatively significant but it was positively significant with depression. In addition, regression coefficients indicated that just parents’ perceptions of marriage were able to predict marital adjustment. Anxious attachment, avoidant attachment, and parents’ perceptions of marriage had to predict the power of marital satisfaction among which anxious attachment had a more important weight. Therefore, it can be concluded that attachment styles and parents’ perceptions of marriage have an important role in predicting women's adjustment and relationship satisfaction and their later mental health.}, Keywords = {Attachment, Perception of Marriage, Depression, Anxiety, Marital Satisfaction}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2726-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2726-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Hojjati, Atefeh and Mojtabaei, Mina and Sarafraz, MehdiRez}, title = {The effectiveness of integrative psychodynamic group psychotherapy on Ego Function in depression desorder}, abstract ={One of the problems of depressed people is the inability to self-knowledge and one of the possibly effective treatments in this field is therapies based on a psychoanalytic approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated psychodynamic group therapy on integrative self-knowledge in depressed patients. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study was women referring to the Belagh clinic in Qom. Among them, 32 patients (16 with major depression and 16 with Dysthymia) were purposefully selected and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Subjects completed the Integrative Self- Knowledge Scale (Qorbani, 2008) in the pre-test and post-test stages. The experimental group was treated with the integrated psychodynamic group therapy protocol for 24 sessions (120 minutes per week) and the control group did not receive any intervention. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the integrated psychodynamic group therapy significantly increased the integrated self-knowledge in the experimental group compared to the control group (P <0.01). Therefore, integrated psychodynamic group therapy can be used to increase self-knowledge in depressed people.}, Keywords = {integrated psychodynamic group therapy, Integrative Self- Knowledge, depression}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {11-20}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2382-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2382-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Fallahtafti, Sadeq and Ghanbari, Nikzad and Alizadeh, Shahram and Kazemi, Negi}, title = {Investigating depression and FoMo among adolescents with smartphone addiction, at risk, and normal}, abstract ={The present study aims to investigate fear of missing out and depression among adolescents addicted to smartphones, at risk for smartphone addiction, and normal groups. 382 high school students in Tehran were selected using a convenient sampling method and completed a number of tests including the Young Internet Addiction Test (IAT), KADS-II, Abel Fear of Missing Out scale, and SAS-SV. The data were analyzed using Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and particularly Wilks' Lambda test.  The findings showed that there is a significant change in the scores of depression and FoMo among the three groups (F(6,728)=25/40, P<0/001; η2 = 0/17). Also, significant distinctions were found among the groups in self-esteem (F(366, 2)=3/79, P<0/05), social interactions (F(280, 2)=15/08, P<0/001), and social anxiety (F(366, 2)=72/37, P<0/001). Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that adolescents with smartphone addiction and the at-risk group have a higher experience more levels of fear of missing out and depression compared with the normal group}, Keywords = {Fear of missing out (FOMO), depression, smartphone, behavioral addictions, adolescence.}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {21-30}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2651-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2651-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ahmadbookani, Soliman and Ghamari, Hossein and Kiani, Ahmadreza and Rezaeisharif, Ali}, title = {Investigating the moderation model of hopelessness and rumination in integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model suicide theory}, abstract ={Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and one of the most important public health problems among young people. The aim of this study was to investigate the model of the moderating role of hopelessness and rumination in integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model suicide theory. The sample of this study consisted of 600 students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University who were selected by cluster sampling. The correlation was used to test the simple interface between the studied variables. The results showed that failure (β-0.25) and entrapment (β = 0.15) had a significant direct effect on the idea of ​​suicide, And the indirect effect of failure on the idea of ​​suicide through the mediating role of trapping was significant (β = 0.12). Mental rumination also significantly moderated the relationship between failure and entrapment, accounting for 0.29% of the variance of entrapment. Regarding the moderating role of negative and positive Hopelessness, the results showed that Hopelessness moderated the relationship between entrapping and the idea of ​​suicide, and 2.73% and 1.17% of the variance of the idea of ​​suicide were related to negative and positive Hopelessness. These findings are a preliminary step towards elucidating the behavioral mechanisms of suicide and its consequences in Iranian society.}, Keywords = {Hopelessness,Ruminant, integrated motivational-volitional, suicide}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {31-40}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2656-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2656-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Pourshahriar, Hossein and Dindoost, Marziyeh and Baharshanjani, Sami}, title = {Lived experience of healthy spouses during the coronavirus pandemic}, abstract ={Due to the direct and indirect effects of coronavirus on various aspects of life, the aim of this study was to identify the lived experiences of healthy spouses during the Coronavirus pandemic. The method was qualitative of phenomenological type. The study population was all spouses in Tehran who have not been infected with the disease since the beginning of the coronavirus outbreak. The sample consisted of 9 healthy spouses who entered the study by convenience sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, then implemented verbatim and analyzed by the seven-step Colaizzi method. In this study, 4 main themes were identified: worries, personal reactions, changes in social relations, change of perspective. According to the findings, it can be said that the lives of the spouses are severely affected by this disease. it is necessary to provide support systems for healthy spouses according to their circumstances.}, Keywords = {Lived experience, healthy, corona virus, spouses}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {41-52}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2841-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2841-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Hoseinzadeh, Soheila and Monirpour, Nader and ZarghamHajebi, Maji}, title = {Structural model of predicting marital commitment based on its differentiation with the mediating role of cognitive flexibility}, abstract ={The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between marital commitment and differentiation. The research method is descriptive-correlation and specifically modeling structural equations. The statistical population included all couples referring to counseling centers in Chalous city that 500 persons were selected by convenience sampling method. Research instruments included Marital Commitment Questionnaire (Adam and Jones, 1997), Self-Differentiation Test (Skowron & Friedlander, 1998), and Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (Dennis, Vander Wal, 2010). The obtained data were analyzed by the structural equation method. The results showed that that the fit indices of the research model are in the acceptable range and cognitive flexibility played a mediating role in the relationship between marital commitment and Self-Differentiation. Based on the results of the present study, self-differentiation and cognitive flexibility can be considered as effective factors in the marital commitment of couples in prevention and counseling programs.}, Keywords = {Marital commitment, Differentiation, Cognitive flexibility}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {53-62}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2447-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2447-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Nikooserest, Tabasom and ShomaliOskoei, Arezoo}, title = {Structural predicting modeling of binge eating based on stress and emotional regulation by dissociation mediation}, abstract ={The present study aimed to provide a structural model for predicting binge eating based on stress and emotion regulation mediated by dissociation. The research method was a descriptive correlational type. The statistical population of the present study was all students of the Islamic Azad University, Rudehen Branch, in the fall of 2019. The sampling method was convenient and the sample size was 370 people. The study tool included the Binge Eating Scale (Gormally, Black, Daston, & Rardin, 1982); Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski, Kraaij, & Spinhoven, 2001); Dissociative Experiences Scale (Bernstein & Putnam, 1986) and Measure of Perceived Stress (Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The indirect path coefficient between positive emotional regulation and binge eating through dissociation was negative and significant (p<0.01, β=-0.100). The indirect path coefficient between negative emotional regulation and binge eating through dissociation was positive and significant (p<0.05, β=0.076). The indirect path coefficient between stress and binge eating through dissociation was positive and significant (p<0.01, β=0.093). Based on the present study results, it can be said that when a person experiences dissociation due to stress and emotional dysregulation, resorts to extreme overeating as a style of coping.}, Keywords = {stress, binge eating, emotion regulation, dissociation}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {63-74}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2259-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2259-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {NaseriKarimvand, Ayeh and Azami, Yousef}, title = {The mediating role of competence perception and social problem-solving in the relationship between attachment styles and aggression in adolescents}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of competence perception and social problem-solving in the relationship between attachment styles and aggression in adolescents. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all adolescent students in Shahriar city in the academic year 1399-1398, of which 200 people entered the study by convenience sampling method. Research instruments included the Aggression Questionnaire (Bass and Perry, 1992), Revised Adult Attachment Scale (Collins and Reed, 1990), Self-Perception Profile for Children (Harter, 1985), and Revised Form of Social Problem Solving (D’Zurilla et al., 2002). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results of the present study showed that competence perception (P = 0.001, β = -0.104) and adaptive problem solving (P = 0.001, β = 0.096) mediate the relationship between secure attachment style and aggression in adolescents. They cry. Adolescents with a secure attachment style will feel more competent in interactions with the environment and in the face of environmental failures will use less negative emotion regulation strategies and as a result, will exhibit less aggressive behaviors.}, Keywords = {Adolescent, Aggression, Attachment, Competence, Problem Solving}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {75-84}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2576-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2576-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Yadegari, Rooholah and Yousefiafrashteh, Majid and Morovati, Zekrolah}, title = {Compare selective attention and cognitive flexibility in hours of morning, evening and night at people with and without quality problems of sleep.}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to compare selective attention and cognitive flexibility in two groups with and without sleep quality problems at three times: morning, evening, and night. The study population was male students living in the dormitory of Zanjan University who were studying in this university in 2016. The Pittsburgh (1989) Sleep Quality Questionnaire was distributed by convenience sampling method. Based on the results, individuals were divided into two groups with good sleep quality (n=47) and poor sleep quality (n=44). Stroop test (1935) and Wisconsin (2011), which measure selective attention and cognitive flexibility, respectively; It was performed in six groups at 7-9, 16-18, and 24-22. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that the effect of "sleep quality" on the mean of both inconsistent and neutral mean was significant. In the effect of the "circadian cycle", all three indices of inconsistent mean and inconsistent reaction time and fineness error were significant. In "interactive effect", all indices were significant. The results showed that the cognitive executive of individuals in the two groups with high and low quality sleep at different hours of the day is different. Regardless of the differences in the indicators of each variable, sleep quality had a significant effect on selective attention but not on cognitive flexibility. Significant differences were also found in the interactive effects.}, Keywords = {Sleep Quality, Selective Attention, Cognitive Flexibility, Day-night cycle.}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {85-96}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2705-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2705-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Modanloo, Setayesh and Hashemi, Touraj and Bakhshipour, Abbas}, title = {Comparing the effect of passive and active peer encouragement on adolescents’ sensitivity to reward and risk-taking}, abstract ={Studies have indicated that adolescents take more risks in the presence of their peers. This study aimed to examine the effect of passive and active (online) peer encouragement on adolescents' sensitivity to reward and risk-taking. One hundred fifty girls and one hundred fifty boys aged 13-17 participated in the experiment. First, the participants completed the Balloon Analogue Risk Task alone. Then, the participants were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: 1)Active peer encouragement group, 2)Passive peer encouragement group, 3)Control group and performed the BART again; however, this time, they performed the task with the presence of unfamiliar online peers. The participants in the passive and active groups performed the BART with their peers' presence. However, the participants in the control group performed the task with no presence of peers. Our findings demonstrated that passive but not active peer encouragement increased adolescents' risk-taking and sensitivity to reward (p<0/05). Also, findings demonstrated no gender differences (p>0/05). Thus, girls' risk-taking should not be underestimated. Also, future interventions should focus on the influence of passive peer encouragement.}, Keywords = {Online peer encouragement, Adolescence, Risk-taking, Sensitivity to reward.}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {97-106}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2663-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2663-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Saqqezi, Ayyob and GolMohammadian, Mohse}, title = {The mediating role of Love Styles in the relationship between emotional and social loneliness and Desire for Marriage in College female Student}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of Love Styles in the relationship between emotional and social loneliness and desire for marriage in female Students. This research was fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method. The statistical population included all female Students of Sanandaj universities in the 2019 academic year. 360 people entered the study by non-random quota sampling. The research tools included the Marriage desire questionnaire (MDQ), the Short form of the social and emotional loneliness scale for adults (SEL), and the Love Attitudes Scale (LAS).  Data were analyzed by the structural equation modeling method. The results showed that indirect pathways from emotional and social loneliness to desire for marriage through love styles (Eros, storage, and agape) are significant (P <0.05). The results of this study emphasize the importance of mediating the role of Love Styles in the relationship between loneliness and desire for marriage.}, Keywords = {Desire for Marriage, emotional and social loneliness, Love Styles, female Student.}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {107-116}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2497-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2497-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Shariatmadar, Asieh and Hasanpour, Fatemeh and KalantarHormozi, Atous}, title = {Evaluation of burnout syndrome and occupational imbalance in school counselors: A qualitative study}, abstract ={In this study, the symptoms of burnout and occupational imbalance of school counselors were studied using the content analysis method. Burnout syndrome and occupational imbalance in high school girls' counselors were questioned through a semi-structured interview. After reaching theoretical saturation, 12 purposefully selected counselors formed the research sample. According to the pattern of content analysis stages, after recognizing the data, coding was done and finally, by identifying the themes, drawing a network of themes, and analyzing them, a report was presented., After analyzing the data, three main themes for burnout syndrome including physical and psychological boredom, communication boredom, and work boredom were extracted. For the syndrome of occupational imbalance, five main themes were extracted, including lack of job responsibility, lack of responsibility in relationships, job as the main priority of life, violation of professional boundaries, and ignoring personal identity. The results obtained in this study can be used to develop educational, treatment, and prevention programs with the aim of reducing and eliminating burnout and increasing the physical and mental health of counselors, and ultimately increase their efficiency and productivity.}, Keywords = {Burnout, professional imbalance, school counselor, content analysis}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {117-128}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2714-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2714-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Bateni, Pooneh and Beirami, Mehdi and Siavoshifar, Nasim}, title = {The effectiveness of affect regulation training on increasing self-regulation and reducing feelings of shame and guilt in mothers of students with special learning disabilities}, abstract ={This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of affect regulation training on self-regulation and feeling of shame and guilt in mothers of students with special learning disabilities. The method of this research was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The statistical population of this study included all mothers of students with special learning disabilities who were referred to the centers of special learning problems in Ardabil city in the academic year 2020-2021. The study sample was 30 people who entered the study by the convenience sample method and was randomly replaced in two groups of affect regulation training (15 people) and control group (15 people). Data were collected in the pretest and posttest stages using the guilt and shame proneness scale (Cohen et al., 2011) and the boufard’s self-regulation questionnaire (Boufard et al., 1995). Nine session’s 75-minute affect regulation training sessions were performed for the experimental group. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. Based on the findings of the study, affect regulation training had a significant effect on reducing guilt and shame and increasing self-regulation (p<0.01). According to the results of the present study, emotion regulation training can be used in educational programs and counseling for mothers of students with special learning disabilities.}, Keywords = {affect regulation training, self-regulation, shame, guilt, special learning disabilitiy, mothers}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {129-138}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2690-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2690-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mazloomzadeh, Mohammadreza and GhanaeiChamanabad, Ali and Bagherzadeh, Fatemeh}, title = {Relationship between Executive dysfunction and Internet addiction: Mediating role of emotion regulation difficulty}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulty in the relationship between executive dysfunction and internet addiction. The research plan of this study was in a descriptive-correlation way, and of structural equations type. The statistical population of this study included Iranian adults, from whom, 400 individuals were selected by the available sampling method. Data were collected using the Young Internet Addiction Test a.k.a. (IAT), the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale, or (BDEFS), and the Gratz and Roemer Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, (DERS). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation method and route analysis using SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that the assumed model possessed an eligible fitting. In this model, executive dysfunction had a direct and significant relation with emotion regulation difficulty (P<0.01), executive dysfunction and emotion regulation difficulty had a direct and significant effect on internet addiction (P<0.01), and emotion regulation difficulty, also has a significant mediator role between executive dysfunction and internet addiction (p=0/001, β =0/217). Therefore, based on the results of the current study, it can be said that executive dysfunction predicts Internet addiction through emotion regulation difficulty.}, Keywords = {Executive Dysfunction, Emotion Regulation Difficulty, Internet Addiction}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {139-150}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2692-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2692-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mohammadi, Saeed and Soltanabadi, Samaneh and Adibi, Maryam and Noori, Mohammad and Davazdahemami, Mohammad has}, title = {Invetigating the relationship attachment styles and and psychological well-being in orphan and parenting adolescents: The mediating role of self-compassion and self-differentiation}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of self-compassion and self-differentiation in the relationship between attachment styles and psychological well-being in adolescents. This research was a correlational study by using structural equation modeling. In this study, 200 Orphan and bad parenting adolescents under the patronage of the Welfare Organization were selected by convenient sampling method from June 23 to August 6, 2016. Data collection tools are the Adult Attachment Scale (Collins, 1990), Psychological Well-being Scale -short form (Rayf, 1989), Self-Compassion Scale (Raes, 2011), and short-form of Self-Differentiation Scale (Drake, 2011). To test the statistical assumptions and research hypotheses, analysis of variance, correlation coefficient and path analysis fit indices, and Sobel test was used to measure the significance of the effect of the mediator variable. Self-compassion and self-differentiation decreased the negative effect of anxiety attachment on psychological well-being (P<0.05). Also, self-compassion decreases the negative effect of anxious attachment on psychological well-being (P<0.05). But the effect of self-diffrentiation in the relationship between avoidant attachment and psychological well-being was not significant (P<0.064). The results showed psychological well-being was decreased when anxious and avoidant attachment increased, Self-compassion and self-differentiation with decrease negative effect anxious and avoidant attachment on psychological well-being had a mediator role significant. Self-compassion increase significantly psychological well-being by reducing the negative effect of avoidant attachment. Although self-differentiation also increases psychological well-being by reducing the negative effect of avoidant attachment, this effect is not significant.}, Keywords = {Attachment Styles, Psychological Well-being, Self-compassion, Self-differentiation}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {151-160}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2721-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2721-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Akhlaghifard, Morteza and Meraji, Nahi}, title = {Predicting Corona Anxiety Based on Emotional Distress (Depression, Anxiety and Stress) and Spiritual Health in nurses and aides}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to predict coronary anxiety based on emotional turmoil (depression, anxiety, and stress) with the mediating role of spiritual health in nurses and aides. The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study included all nurses and aides of Imam Zaman Hospital in Islamshahr in the last quarter of 2021. 118 people were selected as the statistical sample based on the available sampling method based on the Morgan sampling table. In order to collect data, Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) (Alipour et al., 2020), Comprehensive Spiritual Health Questionnaire (CSHQ) (Amiri et al., 2014), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale(DASS-21) (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) were used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression tests. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between emotional turmoil and coronary anxiety in nurses and aides and a negative and significant correlation between spiritual health and their components with coronary anxiety (p<0.01). The results of regression analysis showed that 34.4% of coronary anxiety in nurses and paramedics was explained by emotional turmoil and spiritual health (p<0.01). These results indicate the importance of paying attention to psychological status and spiritual health in nurses and aides in these critical situations.}, Keywords = {Coronary Anxiety, Emotional Distress, Spiritual Health, Nurses}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {161-170}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2923-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2923-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Dadjoo, Mohsen and Gharibzadeh, Shahriar}, title = {Investigating Emotion and Its Interaction with Cognition: Research Recommendations}, abstract ={The precedence of emotion and cognition and their independence was a mostly philosophical subject until the twentieth century. Then it became the basis of the theories of many experimental psychologists. The emotion and cognition interaction is the architectural foundation of the human psychological system; its proper function leads to healthy functioning. Despite the old notion of the primary role of emotions in instinctual actions, the intelligence of emotions and their effect on thoughts have been shown now. The usefulness of strengthening emotional and cognitive abilities in establishing positive and constructive relationships with others and its importance in academic and career success has also been revealed. Despite this importance, although several theoreticians have attempted to explain the multiple relations between emotion and cognition, they have not yet succeeded in bridging the gap. Neurological findings are not integrative. The emotional system of the brain is so interconnected with the cognitive system; It is too difficult to distinguish between them. Accordingly, the terms emotional brain and cognitive brain are mistaken, and the two systems are highly intertwined. To clarify the issue, firstly, we define emotion and cognition concepts. Then we categorize different types of interaction between emotion and cognition into five categories in two ways. Then we have outlined some barriers to research on the emotional and social abilities and presented eight recommendations for overcoming these barriers. These recommendations are: examining emotional components and their interactive compositions in detail, age classification and using a developmental approach, applying appropriate assessment methods, using a neurological approach, using computational and mathematical models, precise and operational definition of emotion and avoidance of ambiguity, consider the interpersonal and interpersonal aspects of emotion and study of intermediate constructs. Applying these recommendations in research can help parents, the educational community, and policymakers to better planning for society.}, Keywords = {emotion, cognition, interaction, literature review}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {171-184}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2647-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2647-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Bahonar, Fahimeh and KeshavarzAfshar, Hossein and Salehi, Keyv}, title = {Marriage Enrichment Programs with Marriage Checkup Program: A Systematic Review Study}, abstract ={Marriage enrichment programs bring many positive results such as physical health, mental health, and the growth and development of family members. The purpose of this study was to systematically review communication enrichment and marriage checkup program. The method of the present study was qualitative and documentary in terms of design. Since the initial stage of any systematic review includes a complete and regular search of the existing and related background, for this purpose, the field of study was a collection of published works in the form of Persian and English articles and dissertations. Keywords marriage checkup, Relationship enrichment program, Couple relationships checkup, Marriage program and Working whit couple at Google scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, pro quest, sage, Wiley, Psychinfo, Noormagz, Magiran, Sid, Irandoc were searched during the period 1398-1385 (2019-2000). A total of 45 Persian and English studies were reviewed. The studies were a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. Findings showed three important variables relationship regulation, intimacy building, and health improvement in communication enrichment and marriage checkup program. There were also fourteen subscription issues and eleven differentiation issues were extracted from these programs. The results of the research showed that couples' empowerment programs such as marriage checkup programs and relationship enrichment programs, while having very important commonalities and differences, also affect various variables.}, Keywords = {Relationship Enrichment Program, Marriage checkup Program, Systematic Review}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {185-198}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2682-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2682-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ebrahimi, Loghman and NajafipoorTabestanagh, Abbas}, title = {Prevalence of cognitive divorce phenomenon among couples seeking divorce: Review study}, abstract ={Cognitive factors play a decisive role in the marital life of couples, especially their knowledge of each other, the ability to cope with the similarities and differences between each other, and the couple's perception of marital conflicts. Numerous studies have confirmed the importance of cognitive factors. Cognitive and behavioral theorists consider marital problems to be the result of spouses' dysfunctional communication skills, inability to effectively solve problems and conflicts, irrational expectations and beliefs, and the exchange of negative behaviors. Although many of the couples' problems that lead to divorce are related to cognitive factors, this factor has been less studied in married life. The aim of this study was to review the prevalence of the phenomenon of cognitive divorce among couples seeking a divorce. Keywords Divorce, Cognitive Factors of Divorce, Cognitive Factors Affecting Emotional Divorce, Couples' Beliefs were searched in reputable databases such as ID, Magiran, Irandak, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus. The present article examines the studies done so far, in addition to explaining the cognitive phenomenon of divorce and its components, the role of this phenomenon in the emergence of emotional divorce. Cognitive processes including attitudes, beliefs, thoughts, mind maps, mental schemas, and the like that affect the type of performance, behavior, and relationships of couples with each other and guide couples in interpreting situations. So that if the interpretation in the couple is accompanied by cognitive error, negative thoughts, and distortion, a phenomenon called cognitive divorce manifests itself. The components of cognitive divorce based on the study were: idealistic thinking, destructive attitude, mind-reading, dependent perception, cognitive immaturity, and all-encompassing pathology. According to the reviewed articles and documents, emotional and cognitive disorders in couples can lead to emotional divorce. In other words, there is a relationship between couples' cognition, thoughts, and excitement with emotional divorce, and before emotional divorce, couples suffer from cognitive divorce. Identifying the nature of divorce as the most harmful way of conflict between couples can be effective in proper planning to prevent and reduce divorce in the coming years.}, Keywords = {Divorce, pathology, cognitive divorce, emotional divorce}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {199-210}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2694-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2694-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ghaemi, Fereshteh and Rostami, Reza and Mirkamali, Seyed Mohammad and Salehi, Keyv}, title = {Systematic and analytical review of theories, components and models of executive functions of the brain}, abstract ={Today, the study of executive functions, which is one of the main controllers and coordinators of human behavior, has received widespread attention. In this study, an attempt was made to identify and categorize the theories, models, and components that make up the executive functions of the brain by systematically reviewing internal and external studies. To collect data and after searching for specialized research keywords, including; Theories of executive functions of the brain, components of executive functions of the brain, models of executive functions of the brain, in international databases; Science Direct, Springer, Wiley Online Library, ERIC, Sage Journals, Emerald and National Databases; Ensani SID, Magiran, Noormags in the period (2000-2020) and (1379-1399), 54 articles were retrieved. Findings led to the identification and categorization of five theories of 15 models of brain executive functions, and 30 components of the executive functions of the brain. The results show the irreplaceable importance of executive functions as the most important skills necessary to acquire and promote mental and physical health, academic and professional success, success in life, social and cognitive development of individuals whose failure can lead to a wide range of behavioral and emotional problems. It is acknowledged.}, Keywords = {Brain Executive Function Models, Systematic Review, Brain Executive Function Components, Brain Executive Function Theories.}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {211-226}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2509-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2509-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mousavi, Seyed Abolfazl and Jarareh, Jamshid and Mohammadiarya, Ali Rez}, title = {Effectiveness of Transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) over the prefrontal cortex on cognitive function in the elderly with Alzheimer}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on cognitive function in the elderly with Alzheimer's. The research method was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all elderly patients with Alzheimer's who were referred to Tehran neurology clinics. Among them, 22 patients entered the study by the convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group received 14 sessions of TDCS over the prefrontal cortex, whereas those in the control group received no intervention. The Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE) was used for data collection. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that TDCS over the prefrontal cortex had a significant effect on cognitive function (attention/orientation, memory, language, verbal fluency, and visuospatial ability) in elderly patients with Alzheimer's (p<0.05). According to the present study, TDCS over the prefrontal cortex can be considered as a way to improve cognitive function in the elderly with Alzheimer's​​​​.}, Keywords = {Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Alzheimer, Cognitive function, Prefrontal Cortex, Elderly}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {1-12}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2568-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2568-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {TanhayeReshvanloo, Farhad and Kareshki, Hossein and Jami, Rohi}, title = {Psychometric Properties of the Need to Belong Scale based on classical test theory and Item-response}, abstract ={The purpose of the present study was to investigate the factor structure and Item-Response parameters of the Need to Belong Scale (NTBS) in students. The research design was a descriptive-correlation and validation study. The statistical population consisted of undergraduate and master's students of Birjand University. In two studies, 164 and 236 of these students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data collected by the Need to Belong Scale (NTBS; Kelly, 1999), the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA-S; Ditommaso, et al., 2004), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS; Lovibond, & Lovibond, 1995), Basic Need Satisfaction in Relationships (BNS-RS; LaGuardia, et al, 2000) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, et al, 1985). Internal consistency, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, discrimination and threshold parameters, and Item and test information curves were analyzed. Results showed that the Need to Belong Scale shows the structure of an agent with an explained variance of 67.87%. Confirmatory validity was confirmed. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the scales varied from 0.95 to 0.91 and split-half coefficients varied from 0.94 to 0.89, respectively. The Item-Response parameters were also at the optimum level (P<0.05). It seems that the Need to Belong Scale has good reliability and validity in students.}, Keywords = {Need to belong, Factor structure, Validation, Item-Response Theory.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {13-24}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2715-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2715-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Eyni, Sanaz and Ziyar, Mona and Ebadi, Matineh}, title = {Mental Health of Students During the Corona Epidemic: The Role of Predictors of Corona Anxiety, Cognitive Distortion, and Psychological Hardiness}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of coronary anxiety, cognitive distortion, and psychological hardiness with students' mental health during the coronary epidemic. The method of the present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the present study included all high school students in the city of Astara in the academic year 2020-2021 in the context of the Corona epidemic. 150 students participated in the study by available sampling method and through Shad virtual program. The standard questionnaires of General Health Goldberg and Hiller (1987), (GHQ), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale Alipour et al. (1398), (CDAS), Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions Scale Hammachi et al. (2004), (PHI) and Psychological Hardiness Inventory Kobasa(1982), (ICDS) psychological hardiness were used to measure the research variables. The collected data were analyzed using correlation analysis and multiple regression and Spss 23 software. The results showed that students' mental health had a negative and significant relationship with coronary anxiety and cognitive distortion and a positive and significant relationship with psychological hardiness (P <0.01); Coronary anxiety, psychological hardiness, and cognitive distortion were able to explain 54% of the variance in students' mental health (P <0.01). According to the obtained results, psychologists and school officials can play an important role in controlling their mental health in the context of the corona epidemic by considering the cognitive and personality characteristics of students.}, Keywords = {Corona Anxiety, Cognitive Distortion, Psychological Hardiness, Mental Health, Student}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {25-34}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2933-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2933-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Samadieh, Hadi and Nasri, Maryam}, title = {The explanation of students’ adjustment to university based on perceptions of parents: mediating mechanism of cognitive flexibility}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between adjustment to university and parental perceptions. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The research population included all undergraduate students of the University of Birjand in the second semester of 2019-2020. For this purpose, 286 participants, selected available sampling method, completed the Perceptions of Parents Scale (Robbins, 1994), Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010), and Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (Baker and Siryk, 1984). The results showed that parental perceptions have an indirect and significant effect on students' adjustment to university through the mediating role of cognitive flexibility (P<0/01). The fit indices confirmed the goodness of fit of the stated model. The results indicate that improving students' academic adjustment requires supportive parenting practices and strengthening cognitive flexibility.}, Keywords = {adjustment, cognitive flexibility, perceptions of parents.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {35-46}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2701-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2701-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Moosavian, Elham}, title = {Investigating the role of object internalization on the development of the symbolization process from the prospective of psychoanalysis}, abstract ={The purpose of this article is to investigate the process of symbolization following the experience of absence and internalization of the object in the depression position. The disturbance in the formation of the symbol is a disturbance in the relationship between ego and object. In particular, a disturbance in the distinction between ego and object leads to a disturbance in the distinction between symbol and symbolized subject which leads to objective psychotic thinking. Therefore, it is important to study the process of symbolization in the relationship between ego and object. In this regard, in this article, the evolution of the concept of symbolization was investigated. The first part of this article deals with the issue of Klein's theoretical framework, and after understanding the psychological positions and symbolization in the depressive position, the concept of symbolization from the perspective of Hannah Segal is discussed.}, Keywords = {Symbolization, internalization, object.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {47-54}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2741-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2741-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Farsijani, Niloufar and Besharat, Mohammad Ali and Moghadamzadeh, Ali}, title = {Predicting Social Adjustment based on Ego Strength and Cognitive Emotion Regulation}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to predict social adjustment based on ego strength and cognitive emotion regulation. The statistical population of the present study included all female students in high school. In this study, 337 female high school students were selected by the available sampling method. Research questionnaires included: Bell Adjustment Inventory Bell, (1961),  (BAI), Ego Strength Scale Besharat, (2007), (ESS) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Garnefski and Kraaij, (2006), (CERQ). This study is a descriptive correlational study. Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression analysis were used to analyze the research data. The results showed that by increasing the individual score in adaptive strategies of emotion regulation (p<0/05, r= 0/60) and ego strength (p<0/05, r= 0/50) the rate of social adjustment increases. On the other hand, the results showed that by reducing the score in maladaptive strategies of emotion regulation (p<0/05, r= -0/54) the rate of social adjustment increases. Findings showed that the combination of research variables is significantly related to social adjustment and explained 47% of its variances. According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that ego strength is a psychological capacity, and emotions as biological responses affect interactions and social functioning. It is suggested to cultivate ego strength and teach cognitive emotion regulation strategies to promote social adjustment. Keywords: Social adjustment, Ego strength, Cognitive emotion regulation}, Keywords = {Social adjustment, Ego strength, Cognitive emotion regulation.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {55-66}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2924-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2924-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Khezri, Mojtaba and Mahmoudpour, Abdolbaset and Vahdani, Mahboobeh and Esmaili, Masomeh}, title = {Phenomenology of parent-child conflict management during the coronavirus outbreak}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to study the phenomenology of parent-child conflict management practices during the coronavirus outbreak. The method of this research is qualitative and has used a phenomenological design to deeply describe the subject. Participants in this study were 12 parents of elementary school students in Tehran in the 1399-1400 academic year who were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were collected during semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the Klaizi method. Finally, after analyzing the data, 4 main categories in the fields of health, education, finance, and interpersonal relations and 12 subcategories were obtained. It can be concluded that this study has provided a new understanding of the parent-child relationship in the current situation. In this way, creating a relationship-oriented environment in the family and meeting the developmental needs of the child, and supporting and caring for her along with committing her to her responsibilities can help increase the quality of the relationship between parents and their children. And lead to a safe and peaceful atmosphere in the family center even during the period of coronary heart disease and global fear of it.}, Keywords = {conflict management, parent-child relationship, coronavirus.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {67-76}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2680-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2680-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Noroozi, Farzaneh and GhorbanShiroodi, Shohreh and Khalaj, Alirez}, title = {The evaluation of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on self-control and flexibility of body image in obese patients}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on self-control and flexibility of body image in obese patients. The method of this study was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population of the study included all obese patients who volunteered for the sleeve and gastric bypass surgery referred to Tehran Obesity Treatment Center in 2020 from January to February. The sample of the present study included 30 patients (15 in the experimental group, 15 in the control group) that were selected by the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The research tools included the self-control questionnaire (Tanji et al, 2004) and the body image flexibility questionnaire (Sands et al, 2013). Acceptance and commitment therapy was performed for the experimental group for 10 90-minutes sessions two days a week. The results of the multivariate analysis of covariance showed that acceptance and commitment therapy significantly increased self-control and flexibility of mental image in obese patients. It is recommended to use acceptance and commitment therapy along with other interventions to promote self-control and flexibility of mental image in obese patients.}, Keywords = {self-control, body image, therapy based Acceptance and commitment, Obesity}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {77-86}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2415-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2415-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Hajian, Mojgan and Nikoonejad, Foroogh}, title = {The effectiveness of cognitive schema therapy on the mixed symptoms of anxiety and depression in breast cancer patients}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive schema therapy on reducing anxiety and depression in women with breast cancer in Tehran. The research method was a quasi-experimental type of pretest-posttest with a control group. Available or selected voluntarily. Then, the experimental and control groups of 30 were randomly assigned. The twelve-session protocol of Yang schema therapy was performed on the experimental group. Both groups completed the Goldberg and Hiller (1979) General Health Questionnaire in the pre-test and post-test. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that Schema therapy was significant in reducing anxiety and depression (p <0.001). Based on this, it can be said that cognitive schema therapy can reduce anxiety and depression in women with breast cancer. For future research, this treatment can be considered as an effective factor in improving the condition of breast cancer patients and increasing their mental health.}, Keywords = {Schema Therapy, Depression, Anxiety, Breast Cancer.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {87-94}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2699-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2699-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {AsadiJajaei, Safoura and Abolghasemi, Abbas and Ghaffari, Azra and Narimani, Moham}, title = {Effectiveness SchemaTherapy on the Sexual and Familial Function of Woman sexless in Isfahan}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of schematic therapy on family and sexual functions of women with frigidity in Isfahan. The method of this study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest with waiting for the treatment group. the population of the study consisted of all women with frigidity who were referred to the sexual health center of Isfahan in 2020. Forty women who suffered from frigidity were selected through purposeful sampling after screening with Rosen et al.'s (2000) Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Kaplan Clinical Interview (KCI) (2015) and randomly assigned in two groups of experimental and waiting for treatment. The 10 - meeting protocol schema therapy was implemented on the experimental group. The two groups responded to the questioners of  Family Assessment Device (FAD) Miller et al. (2013) and Rosen et al.'s (2000) Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) the beginning and end of the study. the results of data analysis performed using the statistical test of analysis of covariance indicated that the schema therapy was a meaningful effect in improving sexual and familial functions (P<.05). Accordingly, it is possible to say that schema therapy is effective as a complementary method to improve the family and sexual functions of women with frigidity disorder and improve the quality of their marital relationships.}, Keywords = {sexless, Schema Therapy, Familial Functions, Sexual Functions.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {95-104}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2722-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2722-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Habibzadeh, Abbas and Beyki, Mehdi and Porzoor, Parviz}, title = {The Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Styles in Predicting students\'Mental Health and Academic Performance}, abstract ={The current study aimed at determining the role of cognitive emotion regulation styles in predicting students' mental health and academic performance. This research was a correlational study. The sample included 240 students from the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in the academic year 2019-20 that were selected by random cluster sampling. Data were obtained from the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and the overall average score used to measure academic performance. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlational coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and independent t-tests. Results showed that positive refocusing reappraisal from adaptive cognitive emotion regulation styles and catastrophizing from maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation styles were the strongest predictors of psychological health in students. Furthermore, academic performance was positively associated with adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and was negatively associated with maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Positive refocusing reappraisal strategy was the strongest predictor of students' academic performance. In addition, the results also showed that men used the self-blame style more than women. Considering the role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in mental health and academic performance, educating cognitive emotion regulation strategies (especially positive refocusing reappraisal) can increase students' mental health academic performance.}, Keywords = {Cognitive emotion regulation, mental health, academic performance, students}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {105-114}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2465-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2465-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Aziziaram, Samaneh and Basharpoor, Sajjad and Atadokht, Akbar and Molavi, Parviz}, title = {The effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on improving Emotion Regulation and dysfunctional attitudes in people with Borderline Personality Disorder}, abstract ={The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on the improvement of emotion regulation and dysfunctional attitudes in people with Borderline personality disorder. The study method was a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with a waiting-list group. The statistical population of the study was all those people with borderline personality disorder who were referred to Fatemi hospital of Ardabil, Iran in the autumn of 2018. Thirty-two patients were selected by convenience sampling method and they were randomly assigned to two experimental (16 members) and waiting-list (16 members) groups. Members of both groups were individually responded to scales of emotion processing (EPS) Baker, Thomas, Thomas and Owens (2007) and dysfunctional attitudes (DAS) Weissman and Beck (1978). Then, the intervention was performed by the transcranial direct electrical stimulation device on the experimental group members for 10 consecutive days for 20 minutes by placing anode in region F3 and cathode in region F4 individually. Whereas the group of waiting-list participants did not receive this intervention. Then, a post-test was performed on both waiting-list and experimental groups. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) with SPSS-24 software. Results showed that there were significant differences between experimental and control groups in intrusion, suppression, uncontrolled impulses, discordant and dissociation components of emotion regulation and perfectionism, need to others confirmation, need to others satisfaction, and suggestibility of performance evaluation components of dysfunctional attitudes (P<0.05). These results reveal the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on improving emotion regulation and dysfunctional attitudes in individuals with a borderline personality disorder. Given to high resistance to psychological therapies in people with borderline personality disorder, these results can promise new neuropsychological interventions for this disorder.}, Keywords = {Borderline Personality, Emotion Regulation, dysfunctional attitudes, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {115-126}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2755-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2755-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Elhami, Hadise and Esmaeily, Masoumeh and Naeimi, Ebrahim}, title = {The process of transferring moral components from parents to adolescent children: A qualitative study}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to investigate the procedure of moral components transition from parents to adolescent children in the process of moral education. This study was performed qualitatively using a phenomenological approach. For this purpose, 15 parents with adolescent children aged 13-17 years were selected by purposive sampling. Parents' experiences in transmitting moral components to their children were examined through semi-structured interviews. Data were collected, recorded, and then coded and classified into main categories. Analysis of participants' experiences led to the identification of 103 initial propositions, 33 sub-themes, and 8 main themes. The main topics were strategies for cultivating moral reasoning and cognition, strategies for cultivating moral emotional tendency and deterrence, strategies for cultivating moral will, creating a moral environment, disciplinary components in moral education, communication components in moral education, active methods of creating moral performance, inductive methods of creating moral performance. Strategies for cultivating moral reasoning and cognition, strategies for cultivating emotional tendency and deterrence, and strategies for cultivating moral will were the first underlying factors, and setting the moral environment was the second underlying factor in moral-oriented education. Parents use inductive and active methods to convey moral components in moral-oriented and these strategies and methods are most effective when parents adopt a responsible parenting style.}, Keywords = {moral components, moral education, Parents, Adolescent children}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {127-140}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2734-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2734-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Hosseini, Mohammadreza and Kushkestani, Mehdi and Parvani, Mohsen and Rezaei, Sohrab}, title = {The relationship between age, level of education and stress with fatigue in the elderly in Tehran sanatorium.}, abstract ={Aging is associated with decreased physical function and the development of various physical and mental diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between age, level of education, and stress with fatigue in the elderly in the Tehran sanatorium. The statistical universe of the present cross-sectional study consisted of elderly people living in nursing homes in Tehran. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 131 people participated in this study voluntarily. First, anthropometric indices such as height, weight, waist-to-hip ratio, and body mass index were measured and recorded using a measuring tape and body composition (OMRON BF 511). The levels of stress and fatigue were assessed and recorded. Finally, Pearson correlation coefficient and independent t-tests, as well as SPSS software version 23, were used for statistical analysis. The results of statistical analysis of the data showed that in the high-stress group, the levels of fatigue (P <0.01) and age (P <0.01) were significantly higher than in the low-stress group. Also, there was a significant inverse relationship (P <0.01) between stress levels and fatigue score, so that with increasing fatigue levels, stress also increases. There was an inverse relationship between fatigue score and age (P <0.01) and a positive and significant relationship between weight (P <0.01) and education (P <0.01). According to the results of this study, it can be said that using strategies such as holding educational classes to benefit from education and learning, as well as providing appropriate psychological and environmental facilities in nursing homes to reduce stress levels of many negative physiological changes and prevents the psychological effects of aging. It can also reduce fatigue levels in nursing homes to improve their health and increase their life expectancy.}, Keywords = {Stress, Elderly, Education, Nursing home, Fatigue.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {141-150}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2729-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2729-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {JafariRazaji, Fereshteh and Arvin, Samaneh and Nikrouy, Farzad and Ghaffarian, Sar}, title = {The role of satisfying basic psychological needs, difficulty in regulating emotion and Feeling lonely in predicting fear of intimacy in female sex workers}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of satisfying basic psychological needs, difficulty in regulating emotion, and Feeling lonely in predicting fear of intimacy in female sex workers. This research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study is all women referring to the Drop-In Center (DIC) in Tehran in the second six months of 1399, from which 50 people entered the study by convenience sampling. Research tools include fear of intimacy inventory (Dekatner and Telen, 1991),  The Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (La Guardia et al, 2000),  difficulties in emotion regulation scale (Grits and Roemer, 2004), and the short form of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults ( Ditommaso et al, 2004). Pearson correlation and simultaneous linear regression were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that feeling lonely and having difficulty in regulating emotion had a positive and significant relationship with fear of intimacy and satisfaction of basic psychological needs had a negative and significant relationship with fear of intimacy (P <0.01). Also, regression results showed that the satisfaction of basic psychological needs, difficulty in regulating emotion, and loneliness were able to predict 0.76 fear of intimacy in female sex workers (P <0.05). Given that the fear of intimacy in female sex workers is affected by dissatisfaction with basic psychological needs, difficulty in regulating emotion, and Feeling lonely, holding workshops based on these concepts in this group of women seems necessary.}, Keywords = {Feeling lonely, Satisfaction of basic psychological needs, Fear of intimacy, Difficulty in regulating emotion, Female sex workers}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {151-162}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2685-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2685-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Shiranian, MohammadHossein and Imani, Saeed and Khshkoonesh, Abolghasem}, title = {Comparing early maladaptive schemas, psychosocial flexibility in Non-addictive people and opium and stimulant addicts}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to compare early maladaptive schemas, psychological flexibility in opioid substances, stimulant substance dependents, and Non-addictive persons. The research design was causal-comparative. The statistical population of the study included all Non-addictive men and men with opioid and stimulants dependents referring to treatment centers and drug addiction camps in Yazd city (1397). The sampling method was done in an accessible form and 45 persons were considered for each group. In addition to a demographic information sheet, the research instruments included two questionnaires: Yang Schema Questionnaire (1998), acceptance and Commitment Questionnaire by Bond & Associates (2011). Data analysis was performed using one-way variance analysis by SPSS software version 25. The results showed that the first maladaptive schemas of opium and stimulants abusers were significantly higher than the Non-addictive group (p<0/05). In addition, the results showed that stimulant abusers had the least psychological flexibility compared to the other two groups (p<0/05). Thus, the design and implementation of appropriate psychological and educational interventions for schema therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy for opioid and stimulant abusers can be very helpful.}, Keywords = {addiction, early maladaptive schema, psychological flexibility, opium, stimulant.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {163-174}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2730-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2730-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Narimisaei, Farideh and Safarzadeh, Sahar and Marashian, Fatemeh Sadat}, title = {Comparison of the effectiveness of immunization training against stress and self-compassion training on the tendency to masturbate and online pornography in male secondary school students}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to Comparison of the effectiveness of immunization training against stress and self-compassion training on the tendency to masturbate and online pornography in male secondary school students. Among them, 75 male students of the 12th grade of upper secondary school were selected using multistage cluster sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group (25 people in each group). The experimental group underwent Meichenbaum’s (2008) stress immunization training in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group received no intervention. The tools used included the Jozak Masturbation Questionnaire (2017) and the Chris and Rosenberg (2014) Internet Pornography Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results of data analysis showed that stress immunization training and self-compassion training had an effect on the tendency to masturbate and internet pornography compared to the control group in male adolescents and it was also found that the effectiveness of self-compassion training reduced Masturbation and pornography online have been more common than stress immunization training (P <0.001). The results showed the effectiveness of stress immunization training and self-compassion training on adolescents' tendency to masturbate and Internet pornography.}, Keywords = {stress immunity, self-compassion, masturbation tendency, internet pornography.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {175-188}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3068-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3068-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Bornamanesh, Alireza and Javidi, Hojatollah and Mehryar, Amirhoshang and Ghasemi, Nowsh}, title = {Follow-up of one-year burden of caregivers of bipolar patients after psychotherapy of patients}, abstract ={People with bipolar disorder )PWBD) impose a lot of burden on their caregivers, which can have unpleasant consequences for caregivers. The aim of this study was to follow up the one-year burden of caregivers of PWBD after psychotherapy of these patients. This cross-sectional study was performed as a continuation of a clinical trial in caregivers of PWBD. In the trial study, 30 male PWBD participated in two groups of intervention (n = 15) and control (n = 15) randomly from Isfahan Psychiatric Hospital. The intervention group underwent Supportive-Expressive Dynamic Psychotherapy and followed by three and six months. At the beginning of the trial, after its completion and one year later, the burden of bipolar caregivers was compared between the intervention and control groups (caregivers did not receive any intervention). Data collection was performed using Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (1980). Data analysis was performed in SPSS-24 statistical software using repeated measures ANOVA test. The results of intergroup differences showed that between the caregivers of the intervention and control groups in the subscales of individual burnout (F=6.368; P=0.008), emotional (F=7.115; P=0.014), and score Total (F=7.420; P=0.012) there is a significant difference and 27%, 24% and 25% of the changes are due to group membership, respectively; But no significant difference was observed in the subscales of social and economic burnout (p <0.05). Overall, it can be concluded that psychotherapy of PWBD can play an effective role in reducing the burden of their caregivers in the long term, but requires comprehensive and ongoing interventions.}, Keywords = {Bipolar disorder, Burden, Caregivers, Follow up}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {189-198}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3144-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3144-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Nejat, Pegah and RezvandelRamzi, Fatemeh and Yalpanian, Fatemeh}, title = {A review of Covid-19 conspiracy theories and psychological determinants and consequences of belief in them}, abstract ={Following the worldwide outbreak of Covid-19, beliefs concerning its origin and contributing factors began to appear and disseminate in the everyday discourse of various cultures. With respect to content and structure, these beliefs conform to theories known as conspiracy theories in the social psychological literature. During the time since the outbreak of Covid-19, studies regarding predictors and consequences of belief in these theories have been conducted. The present paper aims to review and categorize findings of these studies, including the nature and content of Covid-19 conspiracy theories, their dispositional correlates, their implications for the use of preventive health strategies at the societal level, and what can be done to discontinue their dissemination. According to review studies, emotions (especially fear and anger), political orientation, optimism and pessimism, hopelessness, and uncertainty were among the most common determinants of belief in conspiracy theories. Regarding consequences, belief in conspiracy theories about Covid-19 was mostly related to less commitment to health protocols, especially keeping the social distance, expression of violence, and xenophobia. The findings of this review paper may benefit governments and public health officials, as well as associated organizations and society as a whole.}, Keywords = {Covid-19, Coronavirus, conspiracy theories, conspiracy beliefs.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {199-212}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2938-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2938-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Khanbabaei, Salar and Abdollahi, Mohammad Hossei}, title = {A review of etiological models on Internet gaming disorder with emphasize on the Interactive model}, abstract ={Internet gaming disorder is explained as continuous and frequent use of the Internet in the gaming context, leading to significant distress and dysfunction. In the last two decades, many cognitive-behavioral and neurocognitive models have been proposed for general and specific internet use disorders. The interactive model (I-PACE), which integrates its predecessors, is designed explicitly for Internet-specific disorders, such as Internet gaming disorder. Research evidence supports the theoretical components of the I-PACE model. However, there is a gap in the research literature on integrating different therapeutic approaches with the I-PACE model. The present study, by reviewing the etiological models of Internet gaming disorder and emphasizing the interactive model, can pave the way for further studies in the prevention and treatment of Internet game disorder.}, Keywords = {Internet gaming disorder, Internet addiction,etiology, Interactive model.}, volume = {10}, Number = {7}, pages = {213-224}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2732-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2732-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {MellatKhah, Sahar and haghanizemydani, Mojtaba and Khazaei, Samaneh and Ilanloo, Hossei}, title = {Investigation of Adaptability Components of couples in Corona Pandemic crisis: A qualitative study}, abstract ={The COVID-19 epidemic and its health, social and economic consequences have brought about dramatic changes in the daily lives of families and couples. The aim of this study was to investigate the adaptability components of couples in the corona pandemic crisis. The present study was a qualitative study with a descriptive phenomenological method. The participants of the study were 12 couples from compatible couples in region 1 of Zanjan city in the spring of 2020, which were selected and sampled to the extent of information saturation based on the purposeful method. Data collection was done through semi-structured and in-depth interviews on tape and all content (word for word) was put on paper. Data analysis was performed using Colaizzi's seven-step method. A total of 12 interviews, 362 basic codes, 28 basic concepts, 10 sub-themes, and 4 main themes including "interactive dynamics", "responsiveness", "coherence" and "integrity" were extracted. The results of this study showed that although the coronavirus crisis has affected marital well-being; But it has created positive consequences in the motivation of couples to protect their relationships, and with the increase of these positive components, we will see the flourishing of their interactions.}, Keywords = {Adaptability, Couples, Covid-19, Phenomenological Study.}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {1-12}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2946-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2946-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {SiavashAbkenar, Maryam and Serajmohammadi, Parisa and Mohammadhoseini, Sev}, title = {The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on self-regulation and emotion control in adolescents with high-risk behaviors}, abstract ={This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on self-regulation and emotion control in adolescents with high-risk behaviors. The research method was experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study's statistical population included all-male high school students in the second year of Ardabil city in the academic year 2020-2021. The research sample consisted of 30 members of the statistical population who were selected by the purposive sampling method and randomly replaced in two groups (experimental group of 15 people and control group of 15 people). The experimental group received eight 75 -minute sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy. To collect data in pre-test and post-test, Iranian adolescent’s risk-taking scale (Soleimani Nasab et al., 2018), Emotion Control Scale (Williams et al., 1997), and Bouffard's Self-Regulation Questionnaire (1995) was used. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Findings showed that acceptance and commitment therapy had a significant effect on improving self-regulation (P<0.01, F=23.11) and emotion control (P<0.01, F =18.94) in adolescents with high-risk behaviors. According to the results, it can be stated that this treatment can be used as an effective intervention to improve self-regulation and emotion control in adolescents with high-risk behaviors.}, Keywords = {acceptance and commitment therapy, self-regulation, emotion control, high-risk behavior, adolescent.}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {13-22}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2805-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2805-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Abedanzadeh, Rasool and Mousavi, Seyyed Mohammadreza and JafariGandomani, Niloofar}, title = {The Relationship between Mental Toughness, Perceived Motivational Climate and Goal Orientation in Professional Athletes}, abstract ={In addition to physical fitness, psychological factors can have a great impact on athletic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mental toughness, perceived motivational climate, and goal orientation among professional athletes. The research was a descriptive correlational study. The study population consisted of all professional athletes who participated in different sports teams of the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. For this purpose, 120 team athletes were selected by convenience manner, and the following scales were given to response: Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (Sheard, Golby & Wersch, 2009), Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire (Selfriz, Duda & Chi, 1992) and Goal Orientation in Exercise Measure questionnaires (Petherick & Markland, 2008). Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling at a significance level of ≤0.05. The findings indicated that the relationship between mastery climate and ego/task orientation (PS=0/0001) was positive and significant and the relationship between performance climate and task orientation (P=0/043) was significant. Also, ego (P=0/014) and task orientation (P=0/012)  were positively associated with mental toughness. Based on the findings of the present research, sports psychologists and coaches are recommended to create a mastery climate and emphasis on athletes to base their perceptions of success on personal improvement and skill mastery. Also, these findings provide further evidence for the importance of developing goal orientations in the sport setting.}, Keywords = {Mental toughness, Perceived Motivational Climate, Goal orientation.}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {23-32}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2660-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2660-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {QorbanpourLafamajan, Amir}, title = {A study of students\' lived experience of virtual education during the epidemic of Covid-19}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the lived experience of Guilan University students from virtual education during the Covid-19 epidemic. The method of the present study was qualitative descriptive phenomenology. Participants were 21 students who were selected through a purposeful sampling method and semi-structured interviews with them continued to the point of theoretical saturation. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. The sub-themes obtained revolve around the two main themes of learners' mood (low productivity, lack of motivation, time constraints, experience, learning opportunities, comfort-seeking, psychological security, and stress) and learning context (low teaching quality, lack of variety of educational tools and Lack of face-to-face interaction with students and access). According to the main and sub-themes discovered in the research, it is suggested that the educational administrators of universities put these items on the agenda and provide methods to improve the learning and education of learners by designing methods to eliminate the shortcomings of this method.}, Keywords = {Virtual Education, Students, Covid-19, Lived Experience}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {33-44}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2892-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2892-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Tehranchi, Ata and Soleimani, Samira and Kareshki, Hossei}, title = {Validation and psychometric properties of the Persian version of the 24 item Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale among Iranian students}, abstract ={The 24-item Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS-24) is a short version of the scale with a similar name, which is utilized to measure depressogenic negative attitudes.  Although this measure was utilized in many countries it has not been validated in Iran. The main aim of the present research was to study the factorial structure and psychometric properties of  DAS-24. The research method is correlational and validation. The sample size consisted of 1416 graduate and postgraduate students from some universities in the cities of Mashhad and Neyshabour in 2017. Students were recruited through convenience sampling. Participants responded to the dysfunctional attitudes scale (Power et al, 1994) and the human flourishing questionnaire (Soleimani et al, 1396). In order to measure the internal consistency of the scale, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was utilized. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the factorial structure. Divergent validity was measured through the correlation between flourish-related factors and dysfunctional attitudes. Findings demonstrated the negative and significant correlations between dysfunctional attitudes and flourish subscales (p<0.01). Internal consistencies of dysfunctional attitudes were acceptable (α>0.6). confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the three-factor model consisted of achievement, self-control and dependency have high levels of the goodness of fit. It can be concluded that DAS-24 is a reliable and valid instrument in the Iranian population.}, Keywords = {achievement, dependency, self-control, dysfunctional attitudes, flourish.}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {45-56}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2780-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2780-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Sadeghi, Amirhosein and Shirkhani, Milad and RezvanHassanAbad, Masoud and Ashouri, Ahmad and MazaheriAsadi, Dors}, title = {Predicting People\'s State Anxiety During the Covid-19 Epidemic Based on Attachment Styles: The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulty}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulty in the relationship between attachment styles and anxiety in individuals during the virus epidemic. The general design of the present study was descriptive-correlation of structural equations. The statistical population of this study was 370 Iranian adults who were easily selected as a sample. Spielberger State Anxiety-Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI, 1970), Emotional Regulation Difficulty Scale (DERS, 2004), and Collins and Reed Attachment Scale (RAAS, 1990) was used to assess the variables. structural equation analysis was used to analyze the hypotheses expressing the mediating role. The results showed that avoidant attachment with the size of effects -0.08, 0.10, respectively, has a direct and significant effect on anxiety (sig> 0.05). Anxiety attachment with an effect size of 0.31 also has a significant effect on anxiety due to difficulty in emotion regulation (sig> 0.05). Considering the type of emotional regulation, individuals with anxious attachment styles express more anxiety than those with secure and avoidant attachment styles during crises such as the Coronavirus virus epidemic. Individuals with avoidant attachment perceive more anxiety than secure attachment.}, Keywords = {Coronavirus, Attachment styles, Emotion regulation, state anxiety.}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {57-68}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2887-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2887-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Amerian, Elnaz and Nouhi, Shahnaz and Janbozorgi, Masou}, title = {Evaluating the Causal Model of Fathers \'Personality Pattern and alexithymia in Adolescent Girls: The Mediating Role of dysfunctional parenting styles}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of dysfunctional parenting styles in the relationship between father personality patterns and adolescent girls' alexithymia. The research method is descriptive and correlational (structural equations). The statistical population of the present study was female students of Shahroud schools and their fathers. A total of 244 female students studying in Shahroud schools and their fathers were selected as the available sample group and a questionnaire, six factors of Hexaco personality (HEXACO-60) (Ashton and Lee, 2001), alexithymia (TAS-20) (Toronto, Parker & Taylor, 1979) and parenting style (BPS) (Bamrind, 1972) were distributed among them. Data were analyzed using 24Amos software and the structural equation method. The results indicated a good fit of the research model. The results showed that the direct path of the father's personality style to the authoritarian parenting style of the father (1.18, P = 0.001), the father's personality style to the father's light parenting style (-0.22, P = 0.001), personality style The father was significant on alexithymia (T = 0.61, P = 0.001). Also, the coefficients of the indirect effect of father personality style on alexithymia mediated by authoritarian parenting style (0.40, P = 0.001) and father personality style on alexithymia mediated by father's easy parenting style (-0.06, T = 001 / P = = was significant. As a result, it can be said that the dysfunctional parenting style of the father plays a mediating role in the relationship between the father's personality style and alexithymia in adolescents. Therefore, according to the obtained results, mood dysphoria has two biological and educational aspects and is formed in the family system and to prevent the resulting injuries, interventions can be designed and implemented to improve the parenting style of fathers.}, Keywords = {Personality pattern, alexithymia, parenting fathers}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {69-80}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2817-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2817-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {AhmadiGolsfidi, Ehsaneh and asadi, Javanshir and Khajevandkhooshly, Afsaneh and Abdollahzadeh, Hass}, title = {Modeling of body image concern based on obsessive-compulsive disorder, perfectionism and eating attitudes mediated by basic psychological needs in girls}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the model of girls' body image concern based on obsessive-compulsive disorder, perfectionism, and eating attitudes mediated by basic psychological needs. This research was a correlational study based on structural equation modeling. The study population was all female students in the free universities of Golestan province in 2016-2017. 500 students were selected through cluster sampling for the sample group. Research data through Body Image Concern Questionnaire (BICI) Littleton et al. (2005), Ahvaz Perfectionism (1999), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCI-R) (2002), Eating Attitude (Eat-26) Garner and Garfinkel (1979), and the basic psychological needs of Desi and Ryan (2000) were collected. In order to study the theoretical model of the research, the main variables were entered into Lisrel software (Lisrel 8.71) and through this software, SEM analysis was performed. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and perfectionism have a positive and significant relationship and attitudes to eating have a positive relationship without statistical significance with body image concern. And basic psychological needs have played a weak mediating role. Research variables predict up to 36% of body image concerns (p> 0.01). According to the results of the proposed research model, it has a suitable fit.}, Keywords = {Body Image Concern,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Perfectionism, Eating Attitude, Basic Psychological Needs}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {81-92}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2889-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2889-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Salehi, Homa and Hosseinian, Simin and Yazdi, Seyedeh Monavar}, title = {The relationship between cognitive flexibility and successful marriage: The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive flexibility and successful marriage by considering the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. This study was a descriptive correlational study of structural equations. The statistical population of the study was married men and women in Tehran and 635 volunteers were selected using the available sampling method in the period of summer (2019) to summer (2020). To collect the data of this study, Hudson Successful Marriage Index (IMS) Questionnaire (1992), Garnefski, Critch and Spinhaven (CERQ) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2001), Dennis and Vander Wal (CFI) Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire(2010) was used. Data were analyzed using a structural equation. The results showed that the independent variable of cognitive flexibility and the dependent variable of successful marriage were related and cognitive emotion regulation has a minor mediating role in this regard (P> 0.001). A successful marriage is also associated with cognitive emotion regulation (P> 0.001). Since cognitive emotion regulation skills are one of the most important individual factors in a successful marriage and family stability. Therefore, the role of teaching cognitive emotion regulation strategies and cognitive flexibility is very important and requires more attention from counselors and stakeholders}, Keywords = {Cognitive flexibility, Cognitive emotion regulation ,Successful marriage}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {93-102}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2943-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2943-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ghorbani, Vajiheh and Farnoodimehr, Roya and Soltanabadi, Samane and Yeganeh, Narges}, title = {Efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Anxiety, Stress, and Marital Satisfaction in Married People with Breast Cancer}, abstract ={The present study aimed to investigate the impact of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on depression, pain acceptance, and psychological flexibility in married people with breast cancer. The present study was a pre and post-test clinical trial with intervention and control groups. The research population consisted of people with breast cancer referred to Ayatollah Yasrebi and Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan in 2018. Using the purposive sampling method 40 ones were selected and randomly divided into experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups. The instruments used in this study were Lovibond & Lovibond Depression. Anxiety. Stress scales-21 (DASS-21) and Olson marital satisfaction (Enrich). The results showed that ACT treatment significantly reduced the mean scores of anxiety (F = 31.30, P <0.001) and stress (F =37.06, P <0.001) compared to the control group. The mean scores of marital satisfaction (F= 24.92, P <0.05) significantly increased in comparison with the control group. ACT can be considered as an effective therapeutic approach to reduce anxiety and stress, and increase marital satisfaction in patients with breast cancer.}, Keywords = {Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Anxiety, Stress, Marital satisfaction, Breast Cancer}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {103-114}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2687-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2687-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Goodarzi, Mohammad Ali and Bedayat, Ehsan and Borumand, Narmi}, title = {The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on experiential avoidance and death anxiety in elderly women}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on experiential avoidance and death anxiety in elderly women. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test post-test design and control group. The population of this study consisted of all elderly women who were residing in Amin Islam nursing home of Mahabad in the winter of 2020. 30 participants entered the research by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned into an experimental group (15 people) and a control group (15 people). The experimental group received mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for eight 90-minutes sessions and the control group was placed on the waiting list for 2 months. Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Bond et al., 2011) and Death Anxiety scale (Templer, 1970) was administered in order to collect data. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. results showed that by controlling the effect of pre-test, there was a significant difference between the mean of post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in experiential avoidance and death anxiety. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that counselors, psychologists, and psychotherapists use mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as an effective intervention to reduce experiential avoidance and death anxiety in the elderly population.}, Keywords = {mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, experiential avoidance, death anxiety, elder}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {115-124}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2727-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2727-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {SeyedMousavi, Parisa sadat and Kazemiaskarani, Hourieh and Panaghi, Leili}, title = {The moderating role of parental emotion regulation in the relationship between marital conflict and child emotion socialization}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the moderating role of parental emotion regulation in the relationship between marital conflict and child emotion socialization. The study was a correlational one. The statistical population of this study included mothers and fathers with 6 to 10-year-old children in Tehran whose children were studying in primary schools in 1398. From the defined population, 120 couples were selected using the available sampling method and given three questionnaires of adjustment to negative emotions in children (Fabes,  Eisenberg & Bernzweig, 1990), Marital conflicts (Sanaee & Torabi, 1379), And the difficulty in regulating emotion (Gratz & Roemer, 2004) Replied. The collected data were analyzed by using a hierarchical regression method. The results showed that in the coupled model, the moderating role of difficulty in emotion regulation in relation to marital conflicts and socializing excitement of children act differently in parents. For fathers, the role in response to child emotions was significant and difficulty of emotion regulation was effective in their supportive and non-supportive responses and also played a moderating role in relation to conflicts between parents and their socialization of emotion (P<0/05).In return, for mothers, the moderating role of difficulty in emotion regulation in the relation between marital conflicts and socialization of emotion was not significant, but the adjustment of the mother's own emotion to the number of supportive responses was effective (P<0/05). Generally, the results of the study explain that emotion regulation skills in parents experiencing marital conflict have different effects and it deals with other factors affecting parent-child interaction in the other words father's lack of access to appropriate emotion regulation strategies causes unsupportive responses of the father and difficulty in emotion regulation in mothers to have less effect on the parent-child relationship and their motherhood.}, Keywords = {children emotion socialization, marital conflicts, parents emotion regulation}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {125-134}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2748-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2748-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Montajabian, Zahra and RezaiDehnavi, Sedigheh}, title = {Study of the Effectiveness of Meta Cognitive Interpersonal Therapy on Improving Dysfunctional Communication Patterns Couples and Increase of Marital Adjustment}, abstract ={One of the common problems between couples is the dysfunctional communication patterns, it can cause conflicts between couples, and since negative thoughts and beliefs are the main cause of these problems so the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of meta-cognitive interpersonal therapy on improving dysfunctional communication patterns couples and increase of marital adjustment. This is a pre-test/post-test based on a quasi-experimental study with control and experimental groups.  The statistical population of this research includes all the couples of Isfahan city in years 2019 who referred to the Consultation Center of Moj in Isfahan for decreasing of marital problems.  Among them, 16 couples were selected by the available sampling method. They were randomly placed into two groups experimental (8 couples) and control (8 couples). Communication Patterns Questionnaire )Christensen & Sulloway 1984) and Dyadic Marital Adjustment Scale (Spanier 1979) as an instrument applied in pre-test and post-test.  The experimental group received 8 sessions of 120 minutes of training related to Meta-Cognitive Interpersonal Therapy. Covariance Analysis was used for analyzing data in SPSS23 software. The results showed that meta-cognitive interpersonal therapy resulted in improvement of communication patterns and an increase in marital adjustment.  Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested to use interpersonal metacognitive therapy to improve communication patterns and increase marital adjustment.}, Keywords = {Couples Communication Patterns, Marital Adjustment, Interpersonal Schemas, Meta Cognitive, Meta Cognitive Interpersonal Therapy}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {135-148}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2770-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2770-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Pourdel, mojgan and SamariSafa, Jafar}, title = {The Effectiveness of Solution-Based Therapy Training on Academic Excitement and Academic Vitality of Students with Low Academic Achievement}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of solution-oriented treatment education on academic excitement and academic vitality of students with low academic achievement. The research method was experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2020-2021, from which 40 students with low academic achievement were selected using cluster random sampling method and randomly in the experimental group (20 people) and Controls (20 people) were replaced and answered the questionnaire of educational excitement of Pekran et al. (2005) and the academic vitality of Dehghani-Zadeh and Hossein-Chari (2012). Participants in the experimental group received 10 sessions of the Grant-Based Solution Therapy Program (2011). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Findings showed that the research hypothesis on the effectiveness of solution-based therapy training on academic excitement and academic vitality of students with low academic achievement has been confirmed and students with low academic achievement in the experimental group compared to students with low academic achievement. The control group had significantly more positive academic emotions and academic vitality and less negative academic emotions in the post-test(P<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that solution-oriented treatment education is effective in increasing positive academic excitement and academic vitality and reducing the negative academic excitement of students with low academic achievement.}, Keywords = {Solution-Oriented Therapy, Academic Excitement, Academic Vitality, Low Academic Achievement.}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {149-160}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2786-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2786-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {ArianaKia, Elmira and rahimi, changiz and Mohammadi, Nourollah and Aflakseir, Abdolaziz}, title = {Effectiveness of Transdiagnostic Group Therapy on Depression and Anxiety and love Trauma Syndromes on University Students with Adjustment Disorder Due to Romantic Breakup}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of online transdiagnostic group therapy on depression and anxiety and love trauma syndromes on university students with adjustment disorder due to romantic breakup. Due to the incidence of corona disease, the statistical population included all students with romantic breakup across the country in 2020 in the age group of 18 to 38 years which was done online through advertisements in the channels of reputable universities and after filling in the initial self-made form by the researcher to meet the conditions entry and exit to the study were selected by purposive sampling. After the diagnostic interview and conducting relevant questionnaires of a group were selected and divided into two groups: 15 people in the experimental group (transdiagnostic group), and 15 people in the control group. This treatment was performed in  90-minute 10 group sessions for the experimental group. Subjects completed the love trauma (Rosse, 1999); Beck Depression (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996), and Beck Anxiety (Beck, Epstein, Brown, & Steer, 1988) inventories in three stages: pretest, post-test, and 1-month follow-up. Data analysis using variate analysis with repeated measures showed a significant level (P<0/05)  between the post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in the relevant variables, but no significant difference was observed between the two interventions. The results of the study indicate the effectiveness of online transdiagnostic therapy in reducing the symptoms of Romantic Breakup.}, Keywords = {Romantic Breakup, love trauma, Depression, Anxiety, Transdiagnostic Therapy}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {161-174}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2802-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2802-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {NiaziMirk, Jila and Beirami, Erfan and Rostami, Lida and NajafiZiyazi, Mahnoosh}, title = {The role of alexithymia, rumination and self-criticism in predicting self-harm behaviors in industrial drug users}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of alexithymia, rumination, and self-criticism in predicting self-harming behaviors in industrial drug users. This research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study was all industrial drug users referring to Transient Harm Reduction Centers (DIC) in District 12 of Tehran in the second half of 1399, from which 90 people were selected by convenience sampling. Research instruments included a self-harm questionnaire (Sansone et al., 1998), an Alexithymic scale (Bagby et al., 1994), a rumination questionnaire (Ghorbani et al., 2008), and a self-critical questionnaire (Gilbert et al., 2004). Pearson correlation and simultaneous linear regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed that alexithymia, rumination, and self-criticism had a positive and significant relationship with self-harm behaviors (P <0.05). Regression results also showed that alexithymia, rumination, and self-criticism were able to predict 0.45 self-harm behaviors in industrial drug users (P <0.05). Given that self-harming behavior in drug users is affected by alexithymia, rumination, and self-criticism, holding training workshops based on these concepts in this group of people seems necessary.}, Keywords = {Alexithymia, Self-Criticism, Self-harming Behaviors, Industrial Drug Users, Ruminant}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {175-184}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2808-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2808-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Kiarasi, Ziba and Emadian, Seyedeh Olia and Hassanzadeh, Ramaz}, title = {Comparison of the Efficacy of Compassion-Focused Therapy and Logotherapy on Death Anxiety in Females with Breast Cancer}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Compassion-Focused therapy and Logotherapy on Death Anxiety in Females with Breast Cancer. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The statistical population of the study included all females with breast cancer who were referred to Arad hospital and had a medical record in spring 2020.  Among them, 45 females were selected by purposive sampling and randomly replaced in a control group (waiting for treatment) and two experimental groups (15 people in each group). The subjects of the first and second experimental groups received Compassion-Focused therapy (during 8 sessions) and Logotherapy (during 8 sessions), respectively. the control group (waiting for treatment) did not receive any intervention. For data collection, the Interpersonal Death Anxiety DAS (Templer, 1970) was used. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and LSD in SPSS21. The results showed that Compassion-Focused therapy significantly decreased Death Anxiety (F=96.55, p=0.002). Also, Logotherapy significantly decreased Death Anxiety (F=108.85, p=0.0005). The results also showed that Logotherapy has a greater effect on Death Anxiety (F = 65.91 and p <0.05) than Compassion-Focused therapy. According to the results of the present study, Logotherapy can be used to decrease Death Anxiety more effectively than Compassion-Focused therapy in females with Breast Cancer.}, Keywords = {Compassion-Focused therapy, Logotherapy, Death Anxiety, Breast Cancer}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {185-196}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2834-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2834-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Safarpour, Afsane and Ghamari, Mohammad and Hosseinian, Simi}, title = {The mediating role of the self-compassion in the relationship between identity styles and adolescents self-harming behaviors}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between identity styles and adolescent self-harming behaviors. The present study is considered as fundamental research in terms of aim and correlational in terms of research method. A total number of 247 adolescents aged 14-16 years old were selected among high school students in Karaj who were studying in public schools in the academic year of 2020-2021. They were evaluated using Identity Style Inventory (ISI) (Berzonsky, 1989), self-compassion scale (SCS) (Neff, 2003), and Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS) (Klonsky & Glenn, 2009) online and through virtual networks. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous and hierarchical regression by Baron and Kenny (1986) and SPSS-25 software. Results revealed a negative relationship between normative identity, informational identity, with self-harming behaviors and a significant positive relationship between normative identity, informational identity, and self-compassion (P<0.01). the significant negative relationship between diffuse-avoidant identity, and self-harming behaviors and positive relationship with self-compassion (P <0.01), and significant negative relationship between self-harming behaviors and self-compassion (P <0.01), and it was also found that self-compassion mediates the relationship between identity styles (diffuse-avoidant, normative, and informational identity) and self-harming behaviors. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that identity and compassion styles as one of the factors enhancing mental health reduce self-harming behaviors in adolescents. Thus, targeting important variables such as identity styles and self-compassion can be helpful in preventing and reducing adolescents' self-harming behaviors.}, Keywords = {self-compassion, identity styles, self-harming behaviors, adolescents}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {197-208}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2835-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2835-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Khanjaani, Zaynab and HashemiNosratabad, Touraj and Pakravan, Hanie}, title = {Predicting parental burnout during corona quarantine based on perfectionism and positive and negative effects of primary school children}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to predict parental burnout during corona quarantine based on parental perfectionism and positive and negative effects of parents of primary school children. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a sample of 300 people (124 fathers and 176 mothers) were taken from all parents and their children who were in quarantine during the year 1399 in Bandar Abbas. Accessible were selected. To collect data, the parental burnout questionnaire during the coronary quarantine(PBA) of Rozkam et al(2018), the multidimensional parental perfectionism questionnaire (MPPQ)of Snell and Orby (2005), the positive and negative affect test (PANAS) of Watson and Telgen (1988) were used. Social network (WhatsApp and Telegram) was provided to parents. Research data were analyzed through multiple regression. The findings showed that parental perfectionism and negative effect can positively predict parental burnout during coronary quarantine and positive effects negatively predict parental burnout during coronary quarantine. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that parental perfectionism and positive and negative effects can predict parental burnout during coronary quarantine in parents of primary school children.}, Keywords = {Parental burnout, Corona quarantine, Parental perfectionism, Positive and negative effects}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {209-218}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2959-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2959-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Rahimi, Alireza and Farahbakhsh, Kiumars and Naeemi, Ebrahim}, title = {Study the death of consciousness in terms of youth and its consequences in life}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the concept of death and death awareness from the perspective of young men and the consequences of death awareness in their lives. The research was conducted using a qualitative method and data analysis was coded by the Colaizzi method. The samples included 11 men aged 20 to 35 years living in areas 2, 13, 16, and 18 of Tehran province in 1398 who were selected through purposive sampling. Data and information were collected using semi-structured interviews. Research findings were classified into two main sections. Part One: Findings related to the concept of death and death awareness which are: 1- End of life 2- The transfer 3- Observing the result of the actions 4- The world is not a target 5- Emotions and excitement 6- Benefits of death 7- The necessity and usefulness of the death awareness. Part two: Findings related to the consequences of the death awareness in life include: 1- Commitment to religious practices 2- Physical and behavioral self-care 3- Energy and activity 4- Effective in emotional action 5- Relationships with others 6- Better life 7- Personal growth and development 8- Effective in one's goals and behavior. The role of death in life is very important and people's views and attitudes toward death affect their way of life and can overshadow their way of life. Thinking about death and death awareness has more effects on different aspects of human life and can change a person's goals and behaviors in various personal, family, educational and professional fields.}, Keywords = {Death, Death awareness, Consequences of death awareness, Youth.}, volume = {10}, Number = {8}, pages = {219-232}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2785-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2785-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {TanhayeReshvanloo, Farhad and Abbasifar, Mohammad and Kareshki, Hossein and ArkhodiGhalenoei, Mahdi}, title = {Explain Optimism in students based on Daily Spiritual Experiences and Positive and Negative Affects}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between daily spiritual experiences, positive and negative effects, and students' life orientation through path analysis. The statistical population consisted of undergraduate students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. A total of 205 students (94 girls and 111 boys) were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling and completed the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES; Underwood & Teresi, 2002); Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988), and life orientation Test (LOT; Scheier et al., 1994). Data were analyzed by path analysis. The results showed that God’s presence through positive and negative effects has an indirect and significant relationship with life orientation (p<0.01). The indirect relationship between a relationship with God and caring for others with life orientation mediated by negative effects was also significant (p<0.01). The path model also had a good fit. Daily spiritual experiences seem to be related to the students' life orientation through positive and negative effects.}, Keywords = {Daily Spiritual Experiences, Positive and Negative Affect, Life Orientation.}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {1-12}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2779-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2779-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Heydari, Sedigheh and Yekta, Mohammad Reza and Barzegar, Maji}, title = {Qualitative Analysis of Effective Factors on Stress of Covid-19 Disease Using Grounded Theory}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to qualitatively analyze the factors affecting Covid-19 stress using foundation data theory. The sample of the present study was 30 people students of the Islamic Azad University in the electronic semester in the second semester of the 2019-2020 academic year and a semi-structured interview was used to collect data. Data were collected from 19.08.2020 to 20.10.2020 and the data analysis approach was based on the data theory of the foundation (grounded theory) based on the method of Strauss and Corbin (1990). Findings showed that factors such as the risk of infection (48.03%), fear of strangers (24.13%), continuous monitoring (15.31%), economic consequences (6.50%), and symptoms of traumatic stress (6.03%) During the mentioned period, the most important factors in causing stress were the Covid-19. According to research findings; Based on the frequency and percentage observed, among the 5 factors mentioned, the most important factor causing stress compared to Covid-19 is primarily the risk of infection; Secondly, the fear of strangers, then constant surveillance is known, and the epidemic of Covid-19 can seriously role various aspects of people's lives. Therefore, providing good advice to families can have an important role in improving this crisis.}, Keywords = {Stress, Covid-19, Qualitative analysis, Identification.}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {13-20}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2899-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2899-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Kashanaki, Hamed and PournaghashTehrani, Saeed and Ghorbani, Nima and BahramiEhsan, Hadi}, title = {Sensorimotor Mindful Interventions: A New Method to Enhance Mental and Physical Health}, abstract ={Mindfulness has recently been considered by many mental health professionals as a predictor trait of mental and physical health and many therapeutic methods seek to increase clients' mindfulness in order to achieve health. However, there is no difference between the effectiveness of static psychotherapy and mindfulness-focused approaches. Also, mindfulness-based therapeutic methods usually perform mindful interventions the traditional way in a static manner, which leads to the repression of emotions, and these methods are not compatible with the dynamism and pace of the modern world and the dynamics of the postmodern human mind. Movement, dynamic psychotherapeutic interventions, exciting games, and challenges have been designed into sensorimotor mindful interventions. In the present study, sensorimotor mindful interventions were designed and formulated through a bio-psycho-social approach, using a mixed-method and the data obtained from 20 (including 10 men and 10 women) of the clients of the psychology clinic. In the quantitative study, the effectiveness of the designed interventions on integrative self-knowledge was measured for a sample of 30 people (including 19 men and 11 women). In this paper, the literature in the field of psychotherapy that confirms the theoretical basis of sensorimotor mindful interventions was reviewed under the discussion and conclusion section. The results of this study showed that sensorimotor mindful interventions are in line with the most up-to-date studies in the field of health and psychotherapy and these interventions incorporate a wide range of therapeutic methods. The quantitative study also showed that sensorimotor mindful interventions increase integrative self-knowledge (p < 0.05). With regard to the fact that integrative self-knowledge is one of the most important emotional self-regulation processes and a predictor of health and a sign of becoming conscious of the unconscious, the results of this study showed that sensorimotor mindful interventions lead to derepression, reconstruction of real scenes of each individual’s life, and compassionate confrontation with mental and physical reality without verbal barriers. Also, empowering the mind and body using a variety of games and challenges which bring broad personality traits to consciousness in each individual leads the person to self-actualization and talent development.}, Keywords = {Sensorimotor, Mindfulness, Psychodynamic, Health, Integrative Self Knowledge.}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {21-34}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2470-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2470-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ebadi, Matineh and Basharpoor, Sajjad and Narimani, Mohamm}, title = {Distress of Marital Relationship: The Predictive Role of Positive Meta-Emotion and Machiavellianism in Married People}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the role of positive meta-emotion and Machiavellianism in predicting distress of marital relationships in married people in Rasht. The method of this study was descriptive-correlational. The whole couples of Rasht city in the summer of 2019 were constituted the statistical population of this study. Two hundred people from this statistical population were selected randomly by multi-stage cluster sampling and participated in this study. The instruments of Marital Taxon Self-Report Measure of Whisman and et al (MTSRM) (2009), Meta-Emotion Scale of Mitmansgruber and et al (MES) and short version of dark triad personality traits) SDTPM( of Jonason & Webster were used for gathering data. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis by spss23 software. The results showed that positive meta-emotion has a negative relationship with the distress of marital relationships and Machiavellianism has a positive and significant relationship with the distress of marital relationships. Also, total positive meta-emotion and Machiavellianism explain 60.8% of the variance in distress of marital relationships. The results of this study show that the lack of awareness of couples about their personality and emotional characteristics can be a risk factor for marital distress, so holding workshops for couples can reduce the severity of marital distress.}, Keywords = {distress of marital relationship, positive meta-emotion, Machiavellianism, married people.}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {35-44}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2879-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2879-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Taghipour, Amin and Ghamarikivi, Hossein and Sheykholeslami, Ali and Rezaeisharif, Ali}, title = {The effectiveness of the narrative therapy emphasizing on innovative moments on resilience in girls with non-suicidal self-harm}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of narrative therapy with emphasis on innovative moments on resilience in adolescent girls with non-suicidal self-harm. This research is a quasi-experimental type and a post-test pre-test design with an experimental and control group. The statistical population included all female students with non-suicidal self-harm in the secondary schools of Bonab city in the academic year of 2019-20. For this purpose, after administering Gratz's (2001) intentional self-harm questionnaire (DSHI), and Connor-Davidson's (2003) resilience scale (CD-RISC) 30 students with a history of self-harming behaviors and low resilience were selected with a Purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned into two groups. (Experiment and Control). The experimental group was exposed to 10 sessions of narrative therapy based on the White and Epston (1990) program, and the control group did not receive any intervention. After the intervention and one month later, a post-test was performed for both groups. Due to the nature of the research, the data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Findings showed that narrative therapy with emphasis on innovative moments had a significant and positive effect on increasing resilience (p <0.01). According to the findings of the present study, it can be said that narrative therapy with emphasis on innovative moments, is a suitable intervention method to increase resilience in girls with self-harm without suicidal ideation.}, Keywords = {Narrative therapy, innovative moments, resilience, non-suicidal self-harm}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {45-56}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2916-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2916-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Hatamian, Peyman and KazemiRezaei, Seyed Vali and KazemiRezaei, Seyed Ali and Shams, Sar}, title = {Comparative of irrational beliefs and diseases anxiety disorders in women with systemic lupus erythematous and healthy women}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to compare irrational beliefs and anxiety disorder (self-morbidity) in women with and without systemic lupus erythematosus. This was a descriptive causal-comparative study. The statistical population of the study included all female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Kermanshah in 2018. By random sampling method, 50 women with lupus and 50 non-lupus were selected. Research tools include; Jones Irrational Beliefs Questionnaire (IBT) and Evans Self-Pathology Questionnaire (EHQ). To analyze the research data, the statistical method of multivariate analysis of variance was used using SPSS 22 software. The results of the present study showed that there is a significant difference between women with and without lupus erythematosus and in how irrational beliefs and symptoms of anxiety disorder and having the disease (P <0.001). Therefore, it can be said that anxiety disorder and having irrational beliefs are considered risk factors in the exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus in women.}, Keywords = {Lupus erythematosus, irrational belief, diseases Anxiety.}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {57-66}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2867-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2867-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Nasiri, Bijan and Noury, Robabeh}, title = {Investigating the mediating role of anger rumination in the relationship between self-esteem and aggression: controlling the role of narcissism}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of anger rumination in the relationship between self-esteem and aggression with controlling the role of narcissism. 285 students selected from the University of Kharazmi, University of Isfahan, and the University of Shahreza were by convenience sampling method. the participants answered the self-esteem questionnaire (Rosenberg, 1965), narcissism questionnaire (Ames et al, 2006), anger rumination questionnaire (Sukhodolski et al, 2001), and the aggression scale (Buss & Perry, 1992). after controlling the narcissistic variable and eliminating unanswered cases, 194 (64% girls and 36% boys) remained. In the present correlation study, in order to test the structural relationships in the hypothetical model of relative mediation of anger rumination in the relationship between self-esteem and aggression, the statistical method of structural equation modeling was used. The results showed that the hypothesized model had a good fit with the data. In addition, the results showed that in the hypothesized model, all regression weights were statistically significant. In this model, 47% of the variance of aggression scores was explained by latent variables of rumination, anger, and self-esteem. results of the present study show that if the role of narcissism is controlled, self-esteem can reduce aggression, and in this regard, anger rumination can play a mediating role. The findings of the present study can be used to manage anger rumination and reduce aggression.}, Keywords = {self-esteem, aggression, anger rumination, narcissist}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {67-78}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2787-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2787-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {BarzegariDehaj, Abolfazl and Mahmoudpour, Abdolbaset and Ijadi, Sahar and Karimibarzin, Shabnam and Jahandari, Peym}, title = {Investigating the proposed model of suicidal ideation in soldiers based on the meaning of life, emotion regulation and social support with the role of self-compassion mediation}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to evaluate the soldiers' suicidal ideation model based on the meaning of life, emotion regulation, and social support with its role of self-compassion mediation. The present study was a descriptive and correlational study using path analysis The statistical population of the study was all the duty personnel of the units of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Tehran in Tehran, which were surveyed by the available sampling method of 320 of them. To collect data from the beck suicide scale ideation   (Beck, 1979), the meaning of life (Stiger and Oishi, 2006), emotion regulation (Gross and John, 2003) and social support (Zimmet, 1988), self-compassion (Nef, 2003 path-analysis was used to analyze the data, which confirms the hypothetical model of the research, so the meaning of life, reassessment component, social support negatively predicted suicidal ideation in soldiers (p <0.05). Self-sufficiency had a mediating role in this prediction (p <0.05). The results of this study showed that soldiers with meaning in life, efficient emotion regulation, social support, and self-compassion are less prone to suicide.}, Keywords = {suicidal ideation, meaning of life, emotion regulation, social support, and self-compassion.}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {79-90}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2915-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2915-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Bahadori, Mohammad Hossein and Khanbabaei, Salar and Akbari, Mehdi}, title = {A review of pathological explanation on behavioral addictions and its comparison with drug addictions}, abstract ={In the past, addiction was known only by drug addictions, Currently, its definition has become much broader. Gambling, compulsive buying, video game addiction, problematic internet use, and even extreme work or sports can be classified as addictions. The existing criteria for experts in diagnosing different types of behavioral addictions are highly controversial, and this has made it difficult to define behavioral addictions. To define behavioral addictions more accurately, it is necessary to define the boundaries of behavioral addictions with other psychological disorders such as impulse control disorders, eating disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Also, the similarities and differences between behavioral addictions and drug addictions have received much attention. Some experts consider both of these addictions to be of the same group, and some distinguish between them. Also, paying too much attention to behavioral addictions can blur the line between daily behaviors and this type of addiction. Finally, some experts believe that we should pay attention to the personality traits of people involved in these addictions and each type of addiction separately, and uniting all people and all types of behavioral addictions would be a mistake.}, Keywords = {Addictive behaviors, Drug addiction, Mental disorders, Daily behaviors}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {91-102}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2851-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2851-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Nabaei, Saber and Salahyan, Afshin and Gharibi, Hass}, title = {Predicting academic procrastination based on basic psychological needs, academic hope and academic identity in tenth grade male high school students}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, communication), academic hope, and academic identity with academic procrastination in 10th-grade high school male students in theoretical disciplines. The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study was all 10th-grade male high school students in Saqez. 197 students entered the study by cluster-step sampling. Data collection tools were Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaires) Deci and Ryan, 2000), Academic Hope (Samani and Sohrabi, 2011), Academic Identity (Was and Isaacson, 2008), and Academic Procrastination (Savari 2011). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression. Findings showed that procrastination has a negative and significant relationship with basic psychological needs r = -/295, academic hope r = -/473, (p <0.10), successful identity r = -/154 (p <0.50 ). Also, competency, academic hope, and successful academic identity could predict 15.7%, 22.3%, and 6.6% of academic procrastination, respectively. The results show that paying attention to the situation of basic psychological needs, academic hope, and students 'academic identity and measuring them can reduce students' academic procrastination.}, Keywords = {basic psychological needs, academic hope, academic identity, procrastination}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {103-114}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2795-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2795-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Bassaknejad, Soodabeh and Mansourikoriani, Reza and Kargar, Raha and Chraghsahar, Forough}, title = {The Investigation Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of Short Version of Trait Thought–Shape Fusion Scale in College Students}, abstract ={The aim of current research has been the Investigation Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of Short Version of  Thought–Shape Fusion (TSF) Scale in College Students. In this correlation study, 204 female students of the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz were selected by cluster sampling method and completed the Short Version of Thought–Shape Fusion Scale(TSF) (Coelho et al, 2013), Body Shape Questionnaire C8 (BSQ-8C) (Welch et al, 2012) and Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI)  (Littleton et al, 2005). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to determine the validity. To determine the reliability, three methods of Cronbach's alpha, Guttman coefficient, and Spearman-Brown spilling were used. The results showed that this scale has a four-factor structure that explains 62.77% of the variance. Confirmatory validity was confirmed (RMSEA=0.07). Convergent validity with Body Shape Questionnaire C8 0.68 and body image concern Inventory 0.40 and also reliability by method and also reliability by Cronbach Alpha=0/91, Spearman-Brown splitting Alpha=0/94 and Guttmanspiliting Alpha = 0/94 were calculated The findings of the present study show that the Persian version of the short form of thought-shape fusion for study in the student population has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid tool for psychological research and clinical studies.}, Keywords = {Thought-Shape Fusion scale, Psychometric Properties, Factor structure}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {115-124}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2747-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2747-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Pourtaleb, Narges and Pourtaleb, Sakine and Armun, Saee}, title = {Predicting the psychological well-being of mothers of children with special learning disabilities based on their level of perfectionism and life hope}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to predict the psychological well-being of mothers of children with special learning disabilities based on their perfectionism and life hope in Bonab. The present study was a correlational study. The statistical population of the present study consisted of mothers of children with special learning disabilities and the research sample consisted of 80 mothers who were selected by convenience sampling. Snyder's Hope Questionnaire (SHQ), Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), and Reef Psychological Well-Being Scale (RPWBS) were used to collect data. For data analysis, correlation coefficient significance test and stepwise regression analysis were used. The results indicate that life hope has a direct and significant relationship with psychological well-being and self-centered perfectionism, has a significant inverse relationship with psychological well-being (P<0.01). The results of linear regression analysis also showed that self-centered perfectionism and life hope are 44% of the variance related to psychological well-being. The findings of the present study can pave the way for further research on the role of personality and psychological structures on the psychological well-being of mothers of children with special needs in the future.}, Keywords = {Specific learning disability, life Hope, Psychological well-being,  Perfectionism}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {125-136}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2767-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2767-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Movahedirad, Maryam and Ebrahimi, Mohammad Ismail and Sahebi, Ali}, title = {The effect of teaching choice theory on the basic needs satisfaction and level of aggression among high school girls.}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to study the effectiveness of teaching choice theory on the basic needs satisfaction and level of violence among high school girls in Hamadan.The research method was-experiment in the form of a pre-test, post-test design. The study participants in this study are all female students of the second grade of high school in Hamadan, who was studying in the academic year 1396-97. The model includes 30  female students of the first and second grades of high school who were nominated by a random multi-cluster sampling method. Finally, by simple random sampling method, they were allocated into experiment and control groups. For data gathering, the Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaire (1992) and 70-item Glasser Basic Needs Questionnaire were used. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance test with SPSS_25 software was used. The results show that the teaching choice theory is effective in reducing physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hate, and absence of satisfaction of the need for existence, power, love, fun, freedom of students (p <0.05).In this study, the highest effectiveness is the satisfaction of the absence of need for freedom and the least effectiveness is the satisfaction of the absence of need for love and belonging. Thus, it can be concluded that teaching choice theory to female students can be a useful and effective method to reduce the scopes of aggression and the lack of satisfaction with their needs. This data can be used in the direction of treatment arrangement and scientific interventions to decrease aggression in female high school students.}, Keywords = {choice theory, sustaining the basic needs, equal of violence}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {137-148}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2844-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2844-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Pirhayati, Zohreh and GholmaliLavasani, Masoud and Hajhosseini, Mansooreh and KeshavarzAfshar, Hossein and Zandifar, Atefeh}, title = {Underlying values of spouse selection: A Grounded Theory study}, abstract ={In order to identify the underlying values ​​of choosing a spouse, this study has studied the experience of individuals on the verge of marriage. The present research has been done with a qualitative approach and with the grounded theory method. Participants in this study included 21 couples on the verge of marriage in Karaj who was selected by the purposeful selection method based on the principle of saturation. The data collection method in this study was a semi-structured interview with open and standardized questions and the data were analyzed and classified according to the approach of Strauss and Corbin's underlying theory. The findings showed the values ​​of the participants in choosing a spouse in 5 central categories: "criteria, expectations, goals, responsibility, and meaning". The central category of "criteria" has 6 dimensions: "moral virtues, personality and behavioral characteristics, emotional relationships, fit and similarity, physical attractiveness and the way of acquaintance", the central category of "expectations" has 3 dimensions of "being together, having a good family and issues" "Sex", the central category of "goals" has 5 dimensions: "Marriage needs, marriage concerns, peace and security, completion and change and formation of the family", the central category of "responsibility" with 1 dimension of "cooperation for material and spiritual independence" and the category " Meaning is dimensionless. The result of this research was the discovery of a core category called "love of the content of life" which explains the 5 central categories of values ​​in order to choose the right and conscious choice of a spouse.}, Keywords = {Values, Spouse Choice, Love, Grounded Theory}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {149-160}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2837-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2837-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Vatankhah, Horia and KoochakEntezar, Roya and GhanbariPanah, Afsaneh}, title = {Prediction of Emotional Divorce Based on Cognitive Flexibility and Meaning of Life with mediation Work-Life Balance}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to the prediction emotional divorce based on cognitive flexibility and meaning of life mediated by work-life balance. The research method was descriptive correlation and path analysis. The statistical population was all married women who were referred to the health centers of the first and the 7th districts of Tehran during the last three months (March, April, and May of 2018); among these, 290 people were selected using the available sampling method. The data were collected by Gottmanns Emotional Divorce Scale (GEDS), Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), and Work-Life Balance (WLB) questionnaire. Data analysis was performed with descriptive and preparative statistical methods (ie, frequency, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation) and path analysis using SPSS-24 and Amos-24 software. The results showed that the proposed model has a good fit with the data with one correction and remove no significant path of the meaning of life to work-life balance (p<0.05); and cognitive flexibility, the meaning of life and work-life balance have a negative and significant relationship with the emotional divorce of married women (p<0.01). The direct paths of cognitive flexibility, the meaning of life, and balance of work-life to emotional divorce and the direct path of cognitive flexibility to work-life balance were significant (p< 0.01); but the direct path of life meaning to work-life balance was not significant (p>0.05). Also, the indirect paths of cognitive flexibility and meaning of life to the emotional divorce of married women were significant with mediation work-life balance (p<0.01).}, Keywords = {Emotional Divorce, Cognitive Flexibility, Meaning of Life, Work-Life Balance}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {161-172}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2861-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2861-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Vahedi, Elham}, title = {Predication of couple\'s affective intimacy on based self compassion, emotional dysregulation and early maladaptive schema}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to Predication of couple's affective intimacy on based early maladaptive schema, emotional dysregulation, and self-compassion. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study included all married women in District 3 of Tehran, from which 350 people were selected by convenience sampling.  Data were collected using the Marital Intimacy Needs Questionnaire (MINQ) Bagarozi (2001), Schema Questionnaire Short form (YSQSF)  Young (1994),  difficulties of emotion regulation scale (DERS) Gratz and Roemer (2004), and Self-compassion questionnaire (SCQ) Neff (2003) and were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficients and Multiple regression analysis and SPSS-20. The results showed that there are negative and significant relationships between emotional dysregulation, schematic domains of disconnection and rejection, impaired autonomy, impaired limits, other-directness and over vigilance/ inhibition with affective intimacy, and a positive and significant relationship between self-compassion and affective intimacy. (P<0/05). Also, 41.2% of the variance of affective intimacy was predicted by the variables of disconnection and rejection, self-compassion, over vigilance/ inhibition, emotion dysregulation, and impaired autonomy (P <0.05). According to the research results, it can be concluded that early maladaptive schema, emotional dysregulation, and self-compassion play a role in women's effective intimacy.}, Keywords = {affective intimacy, early maladaptive schema, emotional dysregulation, self-compassion}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {173-185}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2876-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2876-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Letafatiberis, Ramin and Ghamarikivi, Hosein and Kiani, Ahmad reza and Sheykholslamy, Ali}, title = {Comparison of the effectiveness of the schema mode therapy and Emotional-focused therapy on styles of conflict resolution, in new married couples with conflict}, abstract ={The aim of this research was to study of comparison of Schema Mode therapy and Emotional-focused therapy (HmT) on styles of conflict resolution in new married couples with conflict. In regard to the purpose, this research was applicable and in regard to procedure, it was a quasi-experimental study with a multi-group pre-test-post-test design with control and follow-up group. The statistical population included couples with marital conflict who had been married for less than 6 years and had been referred to counseling centers in Astara in 1398. 30 couples were selected by convenience sampling method and assigned randomly into control and experimental groups. The instrument was Rahim's (1983) Conflict Resolution Styles Questionnaire, and after performing the interventions in codified protocols, multivariate analysis of variance was used with repeated measures to analyze data. Findings Showed schema mode therapy consistently increases Compromising and Integrating styles (P<0.01), and reduces Avoiding and Obligating conflict resolution styles (P<0.01), and Emotional-focused therapy (HMT) consistently increases Integrating (P<0.01) and reduces Avoiding conflict resolution styles(P<0.05),And the difference between the effects of both approaches on conflict resolution styles of conflicting couples was not statistically. Therefore, schema mode therapy and Emotional-focused therapy is effective on couples' conflict resolution styles and can be used by counselors and psychologists.}, Keywords = {Schema Mode, Emotional-focused therapy, Hold me tight, Styles of conflict resolution}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {186-192}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2882-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2882-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Mosayebi, Mina and Ghanadzadegan, Hosseinali and Mirzaian, Bahram}, title = {Comparison of the Effectiveness of Semantic Cognitive Reconstruction Therapy and Self-Encouragement Therapy on Chronic Fatigue in People with Psychosomatic Skin}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to the comparison of the effectiveness of semantic cognitive reconstruction therapy and self-encouragement therapy on chronic fatigue in people with psychosomatic skin. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The statistical population of the study included people with psychosomatic skin who were referred to Bank Meli hospital and had a medical record in fall 2020.  Among them, 45 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly replaced in a control group (waiting for treatment)  and two experimental groups (15 people in each group). The subjects of the first and second experimental groups received semantic cognitive reconstruction therapy (during 12 sessions) and self-encouragement therapy (during 10 sessions), respectively. the control group (waiting for treatment)  did not receive any intervention. For data collection, the Interpersonal chronic fatigue CFS (Chalder, 1993) was used. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and LSD. The results showed that semantic cognitive reconstruction therapy significantly decreased chronic fatigue (F=89.47, p=0.0004). Also, self-encouragement therapy significantly decreased chronic fatigue (F=66.12, p=0.0009). The results also showed that self-encouragement therapy has a greater effect on chronic fatigue (F = 66.12 and p <0.05) than semantic cognitive reconstruction therapy. According to the results of the present study, self-encouragement therapy can be used to decrease chronic fatigue more effectively than semantic cognitive reconstruction therapy in people with psychosomatic skin.}, Keywords = {Semantic Cognitive Reconstruction, Self-Encouragement, Chronic Fatigue, Psychosomatic.}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {193-204}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2931-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2931-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Zarani, Fariba and Ahmadi, Zeynab}, title = {Suicide in Iranian culture: A systematic review study}, abstract ={Currently, one of the main priorities in psychology is to conceptualize the ways in which culture affects psychopathology. The aim of this study was to investigate a suicide in Iranian society and is a systematic review. The results of this study were based on articles published between 2003 and 2016, during a search in databases such as SID, Noormags, Springer, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and using the keywords suicide in Iran, the method and causes of suicide among Iranian subcultures. Finally, 25 articles were analyzed. The findings showed that, contrary to global statistics, suicide attempts are higher among Iranian men. Also, the prevalence, methods, and causes of suicide in Iranian subcultures are different. In general, it can be said that limited studies have been done on culture and psychopathology in our country. Given that understanding the cultural context is essential for effective evaluation, diagnosis, and clinical management of the disorders, it is hoped that this article can highlight the role of culture in psychopathology and provide a basis for comprehensive studies.}, Keywords = {culture, psychopathology, suicide.}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {205-216}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2379-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2379-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Gharibi, Hamidreza and Pourhosein, Reza and Ghorbani, Nima and Aali, Marziye}, title = {From guidance discourse to counseling discourse: a Research in Critical Psychology}, abstract ={From the perspective of critical psychology, the concepts of science have a historical-social aspect. Psychology is generally considered to be the result of a process of knowledge accumulation. But critical psychology, as an interdisciplinary science in the humanities, considers psychological concepts to be historical and consistent with certain socio-historical contexts. "Guidance and counseling" has been the focus of many researchers over the past half-century. The purpose of this study was to examine these concepts from the perspective of critical historiography. In this form of historiography, the phenomenon under study is examined from the perspective of "discontinuity". The findings of this study showed that Iranian psychology has shifted from the "discourse of guidance" to the "discourse of counseling" over the past half-century. The first discourse was formed and dominated from the 1940s to the 1970s, and the second from the 1970s to the present. As a result, the "discourse of guidance to specific jobs" was replaced by the "discourse of counseling, skills training, and self-direction". Finally, while summarizing the findings, the relationship between these two discourses and the changes in the political economy of the 1970s was discussed.}, Keywords = {Discourse analysis, Discontinuity, Critical Historiography, Guidance, Counseling.}, volume = {10}, Number = {9}, pages = {217-230}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3194-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3194-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {RezapourMirsaleh, Yasser and Shahsiyah, Nasim and Ghaffari, Hossei}, title = {Investigating the mediating role of self-control in the relationship between coping styles and self-concept of elementary school students}, abstract ={The aim of the research was to investigate the mediating role of self-control in the relationship between coping styles and self-concept of elementary school students in Ardakan. The present study was descriptive-correlational which was performed using Path Analysis. The statistical population consisted of all first-grade male students in Ardakan. Using the cluster sampling method, 330 people were selected as the sample.  Data were collected using the Connor Smith Stress Management Styles Questionnaire (RSQ) (1997), Harter  Student Self-Concept (SPPC) (1985), and Grasmick et al.'s Self-Control Questionnaire (SCS) (1993)  and analyzed using Pearson correlation test and Path Analysis. Findings showed that the coping style of intentional coping directly and indirectly through self-control had a positive and significant relationship on self-concept (p <0.01).  Unintentional avoidance coping style had a direct negative relationship on self-concept but indirectly had a positive relationship on self-concept by increasing self-control (p<0.01). The unintentional coping style had a negative and significant relationship on self-concept indirectly through self-control and deliberate avoidance coping style had a negative and significant relationship on self-concept directly (p<0.01). Overall, the findings showed that self-control can play a significant mediating role in the relationship between coping styles and self-concept in elementary school students.}, Keywords = {self-concept, self-control, coping styles}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2987-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2987-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Sarabi, Payam and Alahyari, Vahid and Parvizi, Fardin and Kakabaraee, Keiv}, title = {The effectiveness of Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT) on Sexual Self-Efficacy, Sexual Self-Concept in People with Acquired Premature Ejaculation}, abstract ={Determining the effectiveness of couple's integrated behavioral therapy on sexual self-efficacy and sexual self-concept was acquired in individuals with acquired premature ejaculation. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population included all married people aged 25 to 45 years who had been referred to psychology and counseling clinics in Kermanshah in 2020 for premature ejaculation. The sample consisted of 30 men who were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and waiting groups (15 people in each group). Data in three stages of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up using sexual self-efficacy questionnaires (SSES) (Vaziri & Lotfi Kashani, 2013), sexual self-concept (MSSCQ) (Snell, Fisher & Walters, 1995), premature ejaculatory diagnostic tools (PEDT) (Simmonds et al., 2007) and time Gauges were collected. Integrative behavioral couple therapy was performed for the experimental group in 9 sessions, but no therapeutic intervention was used for the control group. Analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bephroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data. Coupling integrated behavioral therapy was effective on sexual self-efficacy, sexual self-concept, premature ejaculation, and latency of intravaginal ejaculation (IELT) (P<0.001); And the scores of dependent variables in the post-test and follow-up stages increased compared to the waiting groups and the score of premature ejaculation decreased (P<0.001), also the therapeutic effect was maintained until follow-up. The findings of the present study can be used for clinical and therapeutic interventions to promote sexual self-efficacy and sexual self-concept and, as a result, improve the latency of intravaginal ejaculation (IELT) and premature ejaculation in men.}, Keywords = {Integrative behavioral couple therapy, Sexual self-efficacy, Sexual self-concept, Acquired premature ejaculation}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {11-26}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3008-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3008-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Saffarieh, Mohaddeseh}, title = {Relationship between boredom preparation and the level of academic performance of high school students in Semnan: The mediating role of educational engagement}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of educational engagement in relation to boredom preparation and academic performance of high school students in Semnan. the present study is descriptive - correlation with the method of Structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study included 3952 high school students in the academic year of 2018-19 in Semnan city and the research sample consisted of 400 students who were selected by cluster sampling method. To collect data from The Frederick, Blumenfeld & Press (2004) (SES) educational engagement Questionnaire, Pham & Taylor academic performance Questionnaire (1999) (EPT), and Farmer and Sandberg (1986) (BPS) Boredom preparation Questionnaire were used. Pearson correlation and structural relationship modeling methods were used to analyze the data. The results of this study showed that educational engagement significantly mediates the relationship between boredom preparation and the academic performance of high school students. Based on this, it can be stated that the academic performance of high school students in Semnan city by educational engagement(at the rate of 0.597) (p<0/01) and by boredom preparation (-0.118 directly (p<0/05) and  -0/102  indirectly (p<0/05)) will be predictable. Therefore, it is necessary for psychologists and education specialists to take measures to increase educational engagement and reduce boredom preparation in students.}, Keywords = {boredom preparation, educational engagement, academic‌ performance.}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {27-40}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2973-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2973-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Karami, Jahangir and Lorestani, Somayeh}, title = {The intervention effect of cognitive-behavioral play theory (CBPT) on alexithymia and Academic burnout in children with special learning disabilities(severe)}, abstract ={The aim of this research was to investigate evaluate cognitive-behavioral play therapy on alexithymia and reduce academic burnout in students with special learning disabilities (severe). In terms of purpose, the present study is a part of basic research and in terms of method, it is a quasi-experimental study with a pre- post-test and group waiting for treatment. The study community included all primary students with special learning disabilities disorder in Kermanshah city, from which 30 people were available selected as a sample. Research questionnaires included: Toronto Mood Inventory Questionnaire FTAS-20 (2013) School– Burnout Inventory SBI (2005) and Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire CLDQ (2011). Path analysis was used for multivariate covariance analysis of the data. Findings showed that cognitive-behavioral play therapy reduced emotional problems and alexithymia and burnout in these children (p< 0.001). As a result, the findings showed that play therapy can be used as a suitable way to reduce emotional, alexithymia and its components and academic burnout problems in children.}, Keywords = {Play Therapy, Alexithymia, Academic burnout , Special learning disability}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {41-52}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2947-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2947-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {KafeeHernashki, Homayoun and Ahadi, Hasan and Tajeri, Biuok}, title = {Combination of Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy Interventions and the Twelve-Step Method in Reducing the Denial Defense Mechanism in Recovering Addicts in Tehran Province}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the Combination of Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy Interventions and the 12-step method in reducing the defense mechanism of denial in recovering addicts in Tehran province. The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all recovering addicts in Tehran province in 1399, of which 58 people were selected by purposive non-random sampling and assigned to experimental groups (30 people) and control (28 people). The instrument of the present study was the Defense Styles Questionnaire (DSQ) (Andrews et al., 1993). The intervention group received psychotherapy for 10 sessions of 60 minutes per week in addition to the twelve-step sessions, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The results of univariate analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference between the scores of the defense mechanism denial of the experimental and control groups in the post-test stage (p <0.05). The subjects in the experimental group scored better than the control group in the post-test stage compared to the control group. Based on the findings of this study, short-term intensive scanning psychotherapy and the 12-step method as a suitable option to reduce the defense mechanism of addicts' denial are improving.}, Keywords = {intensive Short-term dynamic psychotherapy, Twelve-step method, the Denial defense mechanism}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {53-62}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2997-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2997-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Esmaeili, Asem and Farahbakhsh, Kiumars and Shariatmadar, Asiye}, title = {Differential Prediction Pornography Addiction: Based on the Quality of Communication in Family of Origin and Difficulties in Intimacy}, abstract ={The spread of technology in the present time has caused new issues and problems, one of which is the increasing and easier access of people to sexual content, including pornography, which has many destructive effects. the aim of the present study was to predict the differentiation of pornography addiction based on the quality of communication in families of origin and difficulties in intimacy in men in Tehran. The research was descriptive and correlational and the population study included were men above 18, in Tehran in 2020-2021. 200 people were selected by voluntary (online) sampling as a research sample. In order to collect data from the problematic consumption scales of pornography (Bőthe, & et al, 2018; PPCS), the main family quality subscale of the Relationship Scale (Busby, Holman, & Taniguchi, 2001; FOO) and the fear of intimacy (Descutner, & Thelen, 1991; FIS) were used. The discriminant analysis method was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the quality of communication of the main family and problems in establishing intimacy are able to predict group membership of boys and men with pornography addiction and without pornography addiction (p<0.01). Therefore, it can be concluded that with the decrease in the quality of communication in families of origin and the increase in difficulties in intimacy, the use of pornography will increase.}, Keywords = {Pornography Addiction, Quality of Communication in Family of Origin, Difficulties in Intimacy.}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {63-74}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3027-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3027-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Rafieerad, Zohreh and Basharpoor, Sajjad and Lotfisaiedabad, Shey}, title = {The Role of Emotional Behavior Regulation, Source of Health Locus of Control, and Mindfulness in Predicting the Quality of Life of Improved Patients of Covid 19}, abstract ={This study aimed to investigate the role of behavioral emotion regulation, health locus of control, and mindfulness in predicting the quality of life in improved Covid-19 patients. The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of all improved Covid-19 patients in Ardabil city, 200 of whom entered the study using the purposive sampling method. Data collection tools included standard behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire (Kraaj and Garnefski, 2019), Health Locus of Control questionnaire (Walson and De Willis,1978), Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (Beer, Smith, Hopkins, Kritmir, et al, 2004), and the World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire.  Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient test and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that quality of life was positively correlated with behavioral emotion regulation, mindfulness, and internal control and negatively correlated with external control. Regression results showed that mindfulness, behavioral emotion regulation, external control, and internal control explained 64% of the total variance in quality of life. These results suggest that behavioral emotion regulation, internal health locus of control, and mindfulness play an effective role in improving and enhancing the quality of life in improved Covid-19 patients.}, Keywords = {Behavioral emotion regulation, health locus of control, mindfulness, quality of life, Covid 19}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {75-84}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2926-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2926-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {AhmadiManesh, Maryam and Sadri, Esmaeil}, title = {Predicting Psychological Hardiness Based on Relationship Patterns Between Couples and Conflict Resolution Styles in Married Men Affected by Spouse Extramarital Relationship}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to investigate the prediction of Psychological Hardiness based on communication patterns between couples and conflict resolution styles in married men affected by an extramarital affair. This research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study was married men affected by the extramarital affair of their spouses who were referred to welfare counseling centers in Mashhad in the first three months of 1400, from which 80 people were selected by Purposive sampling. The research instruments included the Ahvaz Psychological Hardiness Scale (AHI) (Kiamarsi et al., 1998), the Couples Communication Pattern Questionnaire (CPQ) (Christens and Salavai, 1991), and the Conflict Resolution Styles Questionnaire (ROCI-2) (Rahim, 1983). Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that the constructive relationship model of reciprocity and compromise conflict resolution styles, integration, and binding with psychological rigidity have a positive and significant relationship (P <0.01) and communication patterns of expectation/withdrawal and mutual avoidance. And avoidance conflict resolution styles, integration, and domination had a negative and significant relationship with psychological hardiness (P <0.01). Regression results also showed that constructive interaction, expectation/withdrawal, mutual avoidance, integration, domination, and compulsion styles were able to reduce 0.56 psychological hardiness in married men affected by extramarital affairs. Predict (P <0.05). Considering that psychological hardiness in married men affected by the extramarital affair is related to communication patterns between couples and conflict resolution styles, it is necessary to hold workshops based on these concepts in this group of people. Arrives.}, Keywords = {Couples communication patterns, extramarital affair, conflict resolution styles, Psychological Hardiness}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {85-96}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3011-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3011-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Ardeshirifar, Helia and Lavasani, Masoud Gholamali and Asayesh, Mohammad Has}, title = {Posttraumatic growth in Woman Recovered from Covid19: A Phenomenological study}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate and identify the phenomenon of post-traumatic growth in women recovering from Covid-19 disease. The research method in this study was a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. For this purpose, fourteen women recovering from Covid disease over 18 years of age were selected through purposive sampling. A semi-structured interview was conducted. It should be noted that sampling was continued until data saturation. In order to analyze the findings, the data were first recorded and then analyzed using the 7-step Colaizzi method. The results of the initial coding were associated with the formation of semantic units that were categorized according to the commonalities and logical course in 18 sub-themes. Finally, the analysis of participants' experiences led to the formation of 7 main themes: -1Appreciate life-2 Change in the philosophy of life -3increase individual empowerment 4- Improved interpersonal relationships, 5- spiritual growth, 6- new goals and priorities, and 7- adaptive coping strategies. The obtained results emphasize the need to study and address the phenomenon of post-traumatic growth by counselors and psychologists, to promote and facilitate this phenomenon in people recovering from Covid-19 disease and also to organize counseling, care and psychological sessions to improve mental health and facilitate the phenomenon of post-growth.}, Keywords = {Posttraumatic growth, Covid19, Phenomenology .}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {97-108}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2983-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2983-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {haghani, Mojtaba and HeydariLakeh, Zahr}, title = {The role of teachers in students\' academic adjustment during the coronavirus outbreak: A qualitative study}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to identify the role of teachers in students' academic adjustment during coronavirus outbreaks. The present study was conducted qualitatively and with a descriptive phenomenological method. Participants in this study were 11 male elementary school students (fifth grade) in the 18th district of Tehran in autumn 2020. Participants were selected based on inclusion criteria using the purposive sampling method and sampling was continued until data saturation.  The data collection tool in this study was a semi-structured interview and the Colaizzi's method was used to analyze the data. Findings from data analysis led to the extraction of three main themes, which included the following themes: educational support, behavioral support, and psychological support. The results of this study indicate the importance of the teacher's role in students' academic adjustment during epidemics, including Covid-19; Teachers and other teaching staff can use the findings of this study to apply methods for better student adaptation.}, Keywords = {academic adjustment, Elementary Students, coronavirus, Phenomenology}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {109-118}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2992-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2992-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Abbasi, Ebadollah and Rajaei, Alireza and Bayyazi, Mohammad Hossein and JafarianYasar, Hami}, title = {Predicting the Tendency to Risky Behaviors According to Parenting Style and Mental-Affective Atmosphere Perception of the Family with the Mediation of Healthy Life Style in the Adolescents}, abstract ={The purpose of the present study was to predict the tendency to risky behaviors according to parenting style and mental-affective atmosphere perception of the family with the mediation of healthy lifestyle in the adolescents. The research method was correlational in structural equations modeling type. The statistical population of the study included secondary high school students (adolescents) in the city of Qom in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample of this study included 375 students who were selected through clustered random sampling method. The applied instruments included the Iranian adolescent risk assessment scale (IARS), the parenting styles questionnaire (PSQ), the psychological atmosphere and social family Questionnaire (PASFQ), health lifestyle questionnaire (HLQ). The data analysis from the study was done through Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling methods via SPSS and Amos versions 23. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the study variables. Moreover, the results showed that authoritative parenting, permissive parenting, and dictatorial parenting have a direct significant effect on the healthy lifestyle of the adolescents (p≤0.001) and succeeded in explaining 27.2, 8.4, and 8.2 Percentage of the variance of this variable respectively. Consistently, the mental-affective atmosphere of the family has a direct significant effect on the healthy lifestyle of the adolescents (p≤0.001) and succeeded in explaining 31.8% of the variance of this variable. Finally, a healthy lifestyle has a direct significant effect on the adolescents’ risky behavior (p≤0.001) and succeeded in explaining 39.4% of the variance of this variable. Therefore, besides enjoying appropriate goodness of fit in this model, the mediation role of a healthy lifestyle was confirmed in the relationship between the mental-affective atmosphere perception of the family as well as the parenting styles and the adolescents’ risky behaviors. According to the mediation role of a healthy lifestyle in the relationship between the variables of the present study, teaching and nurturing a healthy lifestyle should be introduced to the adolescents and this lifestyle model should be promoted and developed through holding appropriate training classes.}, Keywords = {Mental-affective atmosphere perception of the family, highly risk-taking behaviors, parenting style, healthy life style}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {119-132}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2871-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2871-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Armun, Saeed and Gharadaghi, Ali and Vahedi, Shahram}, title = {The effectiveness of montessori method education on visual-motor abilities of students with nonverbal learning disorders}, abstract ={The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of Montessori method education on the visual-motor abilities of students with nonverbal learning disorders. For the purpose of this study, 4 first grade male students with nonverbal learning disabilities who were studying at Nabi Akram primary school in Bonab, during the academic year of 2019-2020, were selected based on the bender visual - motor gestalt test. In this research, which is a single-subject design with multi-baselines (ABA), each participant was first carefully observed according to the criteria of nonverbal learning disability and their visual-motor cognitive abilities accurately measured and recorded. Then, during the intervention phase, each participant received the Montessori method education during the 10 sessions for 45 minutes separately. The performance of the participants is also observed in the follow-up sessions. Finally, the data was analyzed by analyzing the visual diagrams, percentage of all non-overlapping data (PAND), calculating the effect size index and recovery percentage. The results of the research showed that the Montessori method education increased the visual-motor abilities of all four participants. As a result, Montessori education can be used as part of empowerment programs for students with nonverbal learning disabilities.}, Keywords = {nonverbal learning disorder, visual-motor ability, Montessori method}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {133-144}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2843-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2843-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Imanizad, Azam and Golmohammadian, Mohsen and Moradi, Omid and Goudarzi, Mahmou}, title = {Comparison of the effectiveness of solution-oriented couple therapy with emotion-oriented couple therapy on forgiveness, sexual function and communication beliefs of couples with marital infidelity}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of solution-oriented and emotion-oriented couple therapy on forgiveness, sexual function, and communication beliefs of couples with marital infidelity in Kermanshah. The research method was quasi-experimental and was a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included a couple on the verge of divorce who had the experience of marital infidelity in Kermanshah in 2019. The sample consisted of 36 pairs that were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (12 pairs each). Participants completed questionnaires of forgiveness (FFS) (Ehteshamzadeh et al., 2010), Female Sexual Function (FSFI) (Rosen et al., 2000), Male Sexual Health (MSHQ) (Rosen et al., 2004), and communication ideas (CBQ) (Aidelson & Epstein, 1982) before and after the intervention. The solution-oriented couple therapy and emotion-oriented couple therapy training program was performed for 8 sessions, each session lasting 90 minutes and once a week for the two experimental groups. The group did not receive training. To test the hypotheses, multivariate analysis of covariance with Benferroni post hoc test was used. Findings showed that there is a significant difference between experimental and control groups (P<0.001); In general, there is no significant difference between the two groups. Accordingly, solution-oriented and emotion-oriented couple therapy can be used by therapists as an effective and efficient way to increase forgiveness, sexual function and reduce the couple's dysfunctional beliefs, thus helping to improve marital relationships.}, Keywords = {solution-oriented, emotion-oriented, couple therapy, forgiveness, sexual function, communication beliefs, marital infidelity}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {145-160}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2970-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2970-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Emamiyan, Maryam and Taher, Mahboobe}, title = {Comparison of The effectiveness of Fluorotime play Therapy and Neurofeedback Therapy with computer cognitive Exercises on impulsivity in Children with Attention deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of fluoro time play therapy and neurofeedback therapy along with computer cognitive exercises on impulsivity in children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. The present study is quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a group awaiting treatment. The statistical population included children aged 8 to 11 years with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder in Neishabour. The sample size was 45 people who were selected by voluntary sampling method and were randomly divided into three groups of first and second experiment and control. parents answered the Hirschfield et al. (1965) Impulsivity Scale (IS) in the pre-test and post-test. the first experimental group underwent fluoro time play therapy intervention in 12 sessions and the second experimental group underwent neurofeedback therapy intervention in 30 sessions. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that Fluorithime therapy and neurofeedback therapy are effective on impulsivity in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (p <0.05). also, the results showed There was a difference between the effectiveness of fluoro time play therapy and neurofeedback therapy on impulsivity in children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (p <0.05). Therefore fluoro time play therapy and neurofeedback therapy along with computer cognitive exercises can help reduce the impulsivity of children with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder.}, Keywords = {Fluortime play therapy, impulsivity, neurofeedback, computer cognitive exercises, attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {161-172}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2881-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2881-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Morad, Manijeh}, title = {Qualitative evaluation of sexual function in postmenopausal women}, abstract ={The present study examines the sexual function of postmenopausal women qualitatively. Menopause is a period of women's life that is accompanied by physical, mental, and sexual changes. Although some physiological and pathological changes in most cases cause problems such as sexual function, the attitude of women to menopause plays an important role in causing or eliminating it. In fact, one of the most important factors for happiness in married life is having a pleasurable sexual relationship that can play a role in maintaining and sustaining cohabitation. Semi-structured interviews were obtained from 14 postmenopausal women, then the following results were inferred by coding them. The sexual function of postmenopausal women can be explained in terms of physical, psychological, relationships, emotions, economic problems, and family issues. Based on the results of the main categories, it seems that emotions, during menopause, have a greater role in sexual function than any other category, and sexual function apparently depends on friendship, mutual understanding, respect, being seen, and appreciated. Sexual function in this period can not only be not disturbed, but also reach maturity and development, and sexual pleasure can be experienced in this period differently from other periods.}, Keywords = {sexual function, postmenopausal, women}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {173-182}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2877-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2877-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Komarati, Maryam and ZangenehMotlagh, Firoozeh and Pirani, Zabih}, title = {A comparative study on the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment therapy and mindfulness therapy on cognitive emotion regulation of female adolescents with self-harming behaviors}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy and mindfulness therapy on the cognitive emotion regulation of female adolescents with self-harming behaviors. The present study is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of all female students studying in the first secondary schools of District 1 of public schools in Tehran in the academic year of 2020-2021. Among them, 60 people were selected using the cluster stage sampling method and were randomly assigned to three equal groups (20 people in each group). The research instrument included the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) (Garnowski et al., 2006) which was performed in three stages before, after, and 2 months after the completion of sessions. Therapeutic interventions for experimental groups were held in 8 sessions, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The results obtained from multivariate analysis of covariance showed that both intervention methods are effective in improving cognitive emotion regulation and its components and their effect lasted over time (P<0.01). Also, the results of the t-test showed that there is no significant difference between the effects of the two methods on cognitive emotion regulation of students with self-harming behaviors, but the effectiveness of mindfulness on cognitive positive and negative emotion regulation strategies was higher.}, Keywords = {cognitive emotion regulation, self-harming behaviors, Acceptance and Commitment therapy, mindfulness, adolescents.}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {183-196}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2937-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2937-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Rostami, Zeinab and Afrasiabi, Roya and SoleimanpourOmran, Mahboubeh}, title = {Qualitative study of presenting the model of spiritualist organization in the university by Grand theory method}, abstract ={Attention to spirituality based on organizational purpose and expertise is a new paradigm that enables organizations to respond to changing environmental conditions. The purpose of this study is a qualitative study to present the model of spiritualist organization in the university using Grand theory. Research method in terms of purpose, fundamental; It was qualitative in terms of data type. The statistical population of the study was specialists and professors of educational sciences, management, and theology that 23 people were selected by purposive sampling and theoretical saturation criteria. The data collection tool was an in-depth semi-structured interview. Data analysis was performed by theoretical coding method with Grand theory approach and was analyzed in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. The results of the research findings showed that the categories in the form of 18 main categories within the six dimensions of the paradigm model as the central phenomenon of the spiritualist organization (competence, individuality, adaptation, self-awareness, purposefulness, self-belief, spirituality), Causal conditions (organizational management and leadership, organizational commitment, organizational communication, participation), outcome (resilience, personal health, job satisfaction, stress management, social capital promotion, flexibility), contextual conditions (organizational culture, supportive and decentralized structure) ) Are intervening factors and strategies.}, Keywords = {Model Presentation, Spiritualist Organization, Grand Theory, University}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {197-206}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3088-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3088-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Fathi, Fatemeh and Vaziri, Shahram and Pourasghar, Mehdi and Nasri, Maryam}, title = {Evolution of the effectiveness of treatment with acceptance and commitment on five factors of personality and impulsivity with borderline personality disorder}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on five personality factors and impulsivity components in borderline personality disorder. The research method was A-B-A single-subject design. The statistical population included all people with borderline personality disorder who were referred to the outpatient department of Zare Psychiatric Hospital and Mana Sari Clinic during June 2019 From, among them, 3 people were selected by available sampling method and treated for 40 sessions got. Data were collected in three stages of baseline, treatment, and follow-up over 11 months using the Barat BIS Impulsivity Questionnaire (Barat et al., 2004) and the five NEO personality factors (McCreery and Costa, 2004). For statistical analysis, the graph analysis method, stable change, was used. Analysis of the results in the treatment phase was seen in the first person in the agreement variable, in the second person in the variables of agreement, nervousness, total impulsivity score, and in the third person in the variables of cognitive impulsivity, motor impulsivity, and total impulsivity score. In the follow-up phase, changes in impulsive components were seen in the first person, impulsive components in the second person, and impulsive components in the third person in the variables of agreement, nervousness. It can be concluded that treatment based on acceptance and commitment for a period of 10 months can cause significant changes in people with borderline personality, more research is needed to generalize the results of treatment.}, Keywords = {Borderline personality disorder, five personality factors, impulsivity components, acceptance and commitment based therapy.}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {207-220}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2942-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2942-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Besharat, Mohammadali and Afkham, Negi}, title = {The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between emotional intelligence and teamwork performance}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between emotional intelligence and teamwork performance. A total of 91 flight attendants and 34 pilots (49 women, 76 men) participated in this study. All participants were asked to complete Emotional Intelligence Scale (1997), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2006), and High-Performance Teamwork Scale (2007). For analyzing the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and analysis path are used. The results showed a significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence and teamwork performance (P<0.05). There were significantly positive and negative relationships between emotional intelligence and adaptive and non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (P<0.05). Adaptive and maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation were also significantly associated with teamwork performance (P<0.05). The Pathway analysis showed that cognitive emotion regulation strategies have a mediator role in the relationship between emotional intelligence and teamwork performance. Based on the present study results, it can be concluded that high emotional intelligence in individuals in teamwork leads to the use of more adaptive cognitive-emotional regulation and ultimately increases team performance.}, Keywords = {emotion regulation, emotional intelligence, teamwork performance}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {221-230}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2976-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2976-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Sareshtedaranpour, Zahra and Namdarpour, Fahime}, title = {The Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Rumination and in Women with Marital Conflicts in Isfahan}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy on the rumination of women with marital conflicts in Isfahan. The present study was a single-subject design. The statistical population of the study was all women with marital conflict who referred to the Crisis Intervention Center of the Welfare Organization, from which 3 people were selected by convenience sampling. Before the start of the treatment sessions, 2 sessions were held as a baseline for each participant, then the participants underwent Yang schema therapy for 14 sessions. After one month, two follow-up sessions were performed one week apart. The instruments used in this study were Barati and Sanai (MCQ) Marital Conflict Questionnaire (1996), Nolen-Hooksma and Moro (RRS) Ruminant Questionnaire (1991), and Schema Therapy Protocol. For data analysis, visual analysis method, graphs and indicators of trend, stability, percentage of non-overlapping data (PND), and percentage of overlapping data (POD) were used. The results showed that schema therapy was effective on rumination of women with marital conflict. Regarding the rumination variable, except for the second case, in which the result of treatment showed a very good effect (PND = 100%), in the other two treatments, it had a relatively good effect (70%}, Keywords = {Schema therapy, rumination, marital conflict}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {231-240}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2955-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2955-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Zangiabadi, Atefeh and Besharat, Mohammad ali and Salehi, Keyv}, title = {How Dependency Forms in a Cotwin: A Narrative Study}, abstract ={The aim of this study is to investigate and analyze the life story of twins by focusing on how the dependency between them forms and its consequences on various aspects of their lives. For this purpose, an in-depth interview was conducted with a 26-year-old girl cotwin. The data were analyzed using the narrative method. Findings on four themes of "unique relationship", "fusion", "individualization", and "fusion consequences" explained the formation of dependency and fusion in twins, the inability of separation and acquiring individuality, and limitations in relationships with peers. Twins have a unique relationship, they considered their cotwin to be the most important person in their lives. Their close and permanent relationship is so strong that a fusion of identity and personality is formed as a consequence. Separation and differentiation are some of the most important challenges in their lives. Generally, according to this case, it can be said that dependency is one of the most influential issues in the lives of twins. It can cause injuries in various aspects; Therefore, there is a tendency towards individuality found in twins.}, Keywords = {Narrative Inquiry, Twin, Dependency}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {241-250}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2958-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2958-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Kermani, Ali and Rahimi, Shaghayegh and Fanoodi, Hosein and Narimani, Mohamm}, title = {Tendency to high-risk behaviors in male adolescents: The role of predictors of maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and interpersonal cognitive distortion}, abstract ={The present study was performed to investigate the role of maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and interpersonal cognitive distortion in predicting the tendency to high-risk behaviors in male adolescents. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all male students of the secondary high schools in Rasht during the academic year 2020-2021. 150 students were selected via convenient sampling method and participated in the research online through social media (Telegram, WhatsApp, and Shad), and responded to risk questionnaires (ZadehMohammadi et al., 2011), cognitive emotion regulation (Hasani, 2010). And interpersonal cognitive distortion (Hamamci et al., 2004); Research data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and interpersonal cognitive distortion have a positive and significant relationship with the tendency to high-risk behavior (P <0.01). The maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and interpersonal cognitive distortion explain 50% of the variance in the tendency to high-risk behavior. Therefore, it can be concluded from the research findings that cognitive and emotional deficits can play an important role in high-risk behaviors.}, Keywords = {High-risk behaviors, maladaptive strategies cognitive emotion regulation, interpersonal cognitive distortion, adolescents.}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {251-260}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2957-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2957-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Khatib, Esmat and Pirani, Zabih and Taghvaei, Davoo}, title = {The mediating role of difficulty in emotion regulation in the relationship between high-risk behaviors and coping strategies}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mediating role of difficulty in emotion regulation in the relationship between coping strategies and high-risk behaviors. The method of research was correlational. The study population consisted of all second-grade high school students who were studying in public schools in Tehran in the academic year of 2020-2021. Among them, 250 people were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling. The instruments of this study included the High-Risk Behavior Questionnaire (Ahmadpour Turkman, 2011), Coping Strategies Questionnaire (WCQ) (Lazarus and Folkman, 1984), and the Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gertz and Romer, 2004). Findings obtained from assessing the proposed model by structural equation method using SPSS25 and Smart PLS3 software showed that coping strategies directly and negatively predict high-risk behaviors (P<0.01) and positively predict difficulty in cognitive regulation of emotion in adolescents (P<0.05). However, the direct role of difficulty in regulating emotion and its mediating role in the relationship between coping strategies and high-risk behaviors is not significant. Given the significant role of coping strategies on the difficulty in cognitive regulation of emotion and high-risk behaviors, teachers and counselors can improve emotion regulation and reduce adolescents' high-risk behaviors by examining the coping strategies.}, Keywords = {difficulty in emotion regulation, high-risk behaviors, coping strategies}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {261-274}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2966-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2966-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Gholami, Somayeh and Vahedi, Shahram and Allahdadi, Mozhdeh}, title = {Internet addiction and its relationship with social anxiety and depression of female university students: A cluster analytic approach}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to determine the number of Internet dependency clusters and then compare different groups in social anxiety and depression. The present study population consisted of undergraduate female dormitory students of Shiraz University. 370 female students were selected using the multi-stage cluster random sampling method. For gathering data, of Young internet addiction test (IAT), Beck depression inventory (BDI), and social anxiety Liebowitz questionnaire (LSAS) were utilized. Data were analyzed by cluster analysis and MANOVA. The results of cluster analysis showed three clusters with the mind, moderate and severe degrees of internet addition (P≤ 0/001). Also, significant differences among 3 profiles were found in depression (P≤ 0/001) and social anxiety (P≤0/01). Mild Internet addiction clusters experience the least amount of depression. According to the results, it's necessary to examine internet addiction as a psychological problem and cultural educational and family systems plan to solve this problem.}, Keywords = {addiction to Internet, depression, social anxiety, cluster analysis.}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {275-286}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2980-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2980-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Hassanalizadehroashan, Shiva and AlafAsghari, Faranak and Mohamadzadehadmalaii, Rajab ali and Najafipoortabestanagh, Abbas and Savabiniri, Vahi}, title = {The effect of participatory learning on academic motivation, procrastination and academic vitality of high school students in Babol}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of participatory learning on academic motivation, procrastination, and academic vitality of high school students in Babol. The method of the present study is quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test and control group and the research population consisted of all first-grade male students of Pourasghar High School in Babol in the academic year 1399-00, From which 60 people (30 people in the experimental group and 30 people in the control group) were selected as a sample. Research tools for collecting data related to each of the variables, Hermans Progress Motivation Questionnaire (A.T.M) (1970), Academic Procrastination Scale (A.P.Q) (Savari, 2011), Academic Vitality Scale (A.V.Q) (Dehghani Zadeh and Chari, 2012), and in the direction Jigsaw method was used to hold participatory learning sessions. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the intervention of the "participatory learning" program in increasing academic motivation (p = 0.001, F = 54.05 (1.58)), reducing academic procrastination (p = 0.001, F=35.41 (1.38) and increase in academic vitality (p = 0.001, F = 41.88 (1.38)). Based on the results, it can be stated that schools by using the participatory learning process can provide the necessary ground to increase the motivation of students' academic achievement and academic vitality, as well as reduce their academic procrastination.}, Keywords = {Collaborative learning, academic motivation, academic procrastination, academic vitality}, volume = {10}, Number = {10}, pages = {287-297}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3025-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3025-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Eyni, Sanaz and Hosseini, Seyed Ali and Ebadi, Matineh}, title = {Comparison of psychological distress, mindfulness and academic self-efficacy in gifted and normal students}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to compare psychological distress (stress, depression, anxiety), mindfulness, and academic self-efficacy among gifted and normal students. The research design was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population of the study included all first-year high school students in Ardabil in the academic year of 2019-2020. 200 students (100 gifted students - 100 normal students) were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Data were collected using Levinda Psychological Distress Questionnaire (DASS-21), Brown and Ryan Mindfulness Questionnaire (MASS), and the Jenkins and Morgan Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (ASEQ) and analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in the variables of psychological distress, mindfulness, and academic self-efficacy (P<0.01). Mindfulness and academic self-efficacy of gifted students were significantly higher than normal students and psychological distress of gifted students was significantly lower than normal students (P <0.01). Based on the findings of the present study, it can be stated that the variable of intelligence has an important role in mindfulness, academic self-efficacy, and psychological distress.}, Keywords = {Psychological Distress, Giftedness, Mindfulness, Academic Self-efficacy}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {1-14}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2872-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2872-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Mehdikhani, Maliheh and Hassanzadeh, Ramazan and Ghanadzadegan, Hosseinali}, title = {The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Resuction Reduction on Working Memory, Selective Attention and Sustained Attention in Females with Multiple Sclersis (M.S)}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to evaluate the  effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on Memory, Selective Attention and Sustained Attention in females with Multiple Sclerosis )M.S(. This is a quasi- experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population included all females with MS who referred to MS association of Mazandaran and had a medical record between 2019 and 2020 years. 30 subjects have been selected by purposive sampling method, randomly were assigned to three groups (a experimental and a control (waiting for treatment)). Then, the subjects of the experimental group received mindfulness-based stress reduction in 8 sessions, respectively. The Executive Functions Scale (Nejati, 2013) was used as a research tool in two stages: before and after education for two groups (a experimental and a control (waiting for treatment)). In the end, the findings of the analysis of Covariance showed that approache mindfulness-based stress reduction have led to an improvement in the Memory (F=55.006,p<0.05), Selective Attention (F=74.84,p<0.05),  and Sustained Attention (F=114.89,p<0.05),  in females with M.S. According to the findings of the present study, in the field of treatment and counseling of patients with MS, mindfulness-based stress reduction seems to be very effective and promising.}, Keywords = {Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, Memory, Selective Attention, Sustained Attention, Multiple Sclerosis, MS.}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {15-24}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2962-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2962-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Rahmati, Samad and Seyfi, Rezv}, title = {Epidemiology and study of risk and protective factors of cyberbullying with a developmental approach: a narrative review study}, abstract ={n this article, attempts to review with a developmental approach to cyberbullying, prevalence and risk and protective factors it. In the present narrative review article, which is done by the method of text research, articles about cyberbullying from 2010 to 2020 were published in the Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Scopus, ProQuest, Springer, and PubMed databases were extracted and analyzed by searching for keywords for cyberbullying, cyber-aggression, cyber-victimization, cyberbullies, cyber victims, cyberbully-victims, cyber-harassment, and cyber-violence. Out of a total of 812 collected articles, 54 articles including research, review, and meta-analysis articles in the field of the prevalence of cyberbullying and its effective factors at different ages were selected and analyzed qualitatively based on the researcher's inference from sources and texts. Although there is a myriad of protective and risk factors at personality-Individual, family, peer, school, and community levels that are related to involvement in cyberbullying across a wide range of ages, existing research highlights significant gaps in our knowledge of these risk and protective factors. Research is particularly lacking for elementary grades and adulthood. In addition, there is significantly less attention across age groups to protective factors, compared to risk factors. Given the extent and variety of cyberbullying at different ages, the data suggest that policies and programs must be attuned to developmental differences in the nature and prevalence of cyberbullying, as well as the risk and protective factors that are salient for particular age groups.}, Keywords = {Cyberbullying, Epidemiology, Protective Factors, Risk Factors}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {25-38}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3120-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3120-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {AhmadvandShahverdi, Mohammad and Pourhosein, Reza and GholamaliLavasani, Masou}, title = {A phenomenological exploration of cohabitation (Case study: youth in Tehran)}, abstract ={Cohabitation is an unofficial lifestyle that has been accepted amongst Iranian youth. The purpose of this study was to phenomenologically evaluate cohabitation in the youth of Tehran. The population of this study was all couples (not officially married) between 18 to 40 years old in Tehran who had been living together for at least 6 months until May 2021. The purposive and snowball sampling methods were used to select samples (n=10). In-depth semi-structured interviews were used to analyze their experience. In order to analyze the data, the Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis method (IPA) was applied. Ten main topics and four core categories were extracted. The main themes of this study were: satisfaction; diminishing religious beliefs; openness to experience; personal independence; globalization; avoidance of marriage; the prelude to marriage; individualism; the role of peers; and functional life. It seems that as the Iranian society undergoes the process of modernization, cohabitation has become a free and at the same time committed form of relationship which is chosen more than ever as an alternative to official marriage by couples in Tehran.}, Keywords = {cohabitation, phenomenology, globalization, Individualism}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {39-50}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3122-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3122-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Mikaeili, Niloofar and Rahimzadegan, Shiva and Taheri, Has}, title = {The Prediction of university students aggression based on corona anxiety, cognitive empathy and affective empathy}, abstract ={The aim of this research was a prediction of university students' aggression based on corona anxiety, cognitive empathy, and affective empathy.  In regard to the purpose, this research was applicable and in regard to procedure, it was a correlation study. The study community included all undergraduate students of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili at 1399-1400 academic year with 18-22 age range that among them 287 students were selected as samples by cluster sampling. Research questionnaires included: Buss and Perry Aggression  Questionnaire (1992), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (2020), and Baron-Cohen Empathy Scale. Data analysis was done by SPSS23 software with Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression methods. The results showed that corona anxiety, predicts aggression significantly and positively (P = 0.01, Beta = 0.57), and cognitive empathy (P= 0/05, Beta= 0/12) and emotional empathy (P= 0/01, Beta= 0/31) predict aggression negatively and meaningfully. A total of 0.59 of the variance of aggression is explained by corona anxiety, cognitive empathy, and emotional empathy. This study indicates the importance of the protecting role of corona anxiety for aggression and cognitive empathy and affective empathy for inhibition of aggression.}, Keywords = {Aggression, Corona anxiety, Cognitive empathy and Affective empathy.}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {51-60}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3078-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3078-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Farsijani, Niloufar and EbrahimnejadMoghadam, Samaneh and Melhi, Elnaz}, title = {A Review of Self Criticism and Self Compassion in mental health}, abstract ={Self-criticism has been introduced as the core pathology of many mental disorders and one of the maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. Numerous studies have confirmed the significance of self-criticism as a meta-diagnostic construct. In the past, self-criticism was equated with shame and perfectionism, but self-criticism has a more limited definition than perfectionism. Self-criticism is also associated with inner shame. One of the related factors for improving self-criticism is self-compassion which as the main antidote to self-criticism, reduces the negative effects of self-criticism on mental health. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted to explain the damage of self-criticism on mental health and also compassion-based strategies in improving self-criticism. It is hoped that with more attention to the concept of self-compassion, more research will be provided for the treatment of self-criticism.}, Keywords = {Self criticism Self compassion Compassion focused therapy}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {61-74}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2740-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2740-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {EbrahimnejadMoghadam, Samaneh and Besharat, MohammadAli and Naghsh, Zahr}, title = {The moderating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in relation between perfectionism dimensions and mental health indices}, abstract ={The purpose of the present study was to investigate the moderating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between perfectionism dimensions and mental health indices. A total of 510 individuals (381 men, 126 women) participated in the study. Participants were asked to complete the Mental Health Inventory-28 (Veit & Ware, 1983), Tehran Multiple Perfectionism Scale (Besharat, 2007), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006). Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Hierarchical Linear Regression were used to analyze the data. The result showed that perfectionism in all dimensions (self-oriented, other-oriented, socially-prescribed) had a significant negative association with mental well-being and a significant positive association with mental distress (p<0.01). In addition to this, adaptive emotion regulation strategies had a significant positive association with mental well-being and a significant negative association with mental distress but for maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, this relation was reversed (p<0.01). Results also revealed that the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism with mental health indices was merely moderated by maladaptive emotion regulation strategies (p<0.05). According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the relationship between perfectionism dimensions and mental health indices is not a simple linear one, but this relationship can be moderated by other variables such as maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies.}, Keywords = {perfectionism, emotion regulation, mental health}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {75-86}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2784-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2784-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Javaheri, Abbas and Esmaily, Akram and Vakili, Motahareh}, title = {The Relationship between Post Traumatic Growth and the Meaning of Life in COVID-19 Survivors: The Mediating Role of Spiritual Wellbeing}, abstract ={The purpose of the present study was to examine the mediating role of spiritual well-being within the relationship between post traumatic growth (PTG) and the meaning of life in COVID-19 survivors In terms of methodology, the study is descriptive, and in terms of objectives, it is fundamental. The population of this research is the entire Corona virus survivors up until the end of Ordibehesht of 1400. 395 participants (281 females and 114 males) were selected using convenience sampling. They completed the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (1996), The Meaning in Life Questionnaire (2006) and The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (1992).  220 participants out of 395, identified their experience as “a traumatic experience”, therefore they met the qualifications to be included in the study. The data were analyzed using AMOS and LISREL.  The data of the structural equation modeling indicated that PTG had a direct effect on the meaning of life, in addition to its indirect effect through spiritual wellbeing as a mediator. In fact, these people Recreation the meaning of their lives through spiritual well-being. Therefore, it can be expected that the meaning of life of Corona virus survivors will be strengthened and changed through spiritual well-being.}, Keywords = {COVID-19, Logotherapy, trauma, Spirituality, Structural Model}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {87-98}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3065-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3065-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Ariapooran, Saeed and Rastgoo, Elham and AbdollahzadehRafi, Mahdi}, title = {Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Training on Fatigue and Boredom in Caregiver\'s Mothers of Children with Severe and Profound Intellectual Disabilities in the COVID-19 Outbreak:}, abstract ={Mothers of children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities suffer from psychological problems in the COVID-19 outbreak. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on fatigue and boredom in mothers of children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities in the COVID-19 outbreak. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test and control groups. The statistical population of this study consisted of all mothers of children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities in Razan city in 2020. Through convenience Among them, 22 mothers had severe symptoms of fatigue and boredom, which were randomly replaced in the experimental and control groups. The Assessment of Fatigue Scale (AFS; DeVries et al., 2003) and Multidimensional Boredom Scale (MBS; Fahlman et al., 2009) were used for collecting the data. The emotion regulation was trained for the experimental group in 8 sessions, and the control group did not receive any training during the sessions. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data. The results showed that emotion regulation training was effective in reducing fatigue and boredom in mothers of children with severe and profound mental disabilities (p <0.05). According to the results, emotion regulation training to reduce fatigue and boredom of mothers of children with severe and profound mental disabilities in the COVID-19 outbreak is recommended.}, Keywords = {emotion regulation, fatigue, boredom, mothers, COVID-19, intellectual disability}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {99-108}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2967-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2967-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Lotfisaeidabad, Sheyda and Basharpoor, Sajjad and Rafieerad, Zohreh}, title = {The Role of Perceived Stress, Personality Traits, and Self-Efficacy in Predicting Health Protocols During the Covid Pandemic}, abstract ={Coronavirus (COVID 19) has created a public health emergency around the world, and adherence to health protocols is now reported to be the best way to prevent the spread of the disease. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of perceived stress, personality traits, and self-efficacy in predicting the observance of health protocols during the Covid 19 pandemic. The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of all residents in Ardabil in the winter of 1399, 200 of whom were selected using the sampling method available online and through virtual networks and participated in this study. Data collection tools included the standard Scherer and Maddox(GSE)(1982) self-efficacy questionnaires, Cohen et al.'s(PSS-14)(1983) Perceived Stress Questionnaire, the five-factor personality traits of Costa and Macri(NEO)(1992), and the researcher-made Health Protocols Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis using Spss 24 software. The results showed that the observance of health protocols with self-efficacy, extraversion, flexibility, pleasantness, and responsibility at a significant level of (p<0.01) had a positive relationship and a negative relationship with perceived stress and neuroticism at a significant level of (p<0.01). Also, 73.6% of the total variance of health protocols was explained based on the variables of self-efficacy, perceived stress, and personality traits. These results show that self-efficacy, perceived stress, and personality traits of individuals play an effective role in adhering to health protocols and psychological care to pay attention to patients' health measures to deal with the disease and reduce stress and stress. They are essential.}, Keywords = {Perceived stress, personality traits, self-efficacy, health protocol, Covid 19}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {109-120}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2978-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2978-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {GolshaniJorshari, Masoumeh}, title = {The prediction of parenting stress based on meta-parenting, self- compassion and subjective vitality among mothers of children with hearing impairment}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to predict parenting stress based on meta-parenting, self-compassion, and subjective vitality among mothers of children with hearing impairment. The research method is quantitative and correlational. The statistical population of the study was all mothers with children with hearing impairment in Tehran in the academic year 2020-2021, 150 of whom entered the study by convenience sampling method. Participants answered the parenting stress index (Abidin, 1995), meta-parenting questionnaire (Hawk and Holden, 2006), self-compassion scale (Neff, 2003), and subjective vitality scale (Ryan and Frederick, 1997). The data were analyzed by tests of Pearson correlation and multivariate regression. Findings showed that there was a negative and significant correlation between meta-parenting, self-compassion, and subjective vitality with parenting stress (P<0/01). Regression analyses also revealed that %66/4 of the variance of parenting stress was explained by meta-parenting, self-compassion, and subjective vitality. The findings of this study show that parenting stress of mothers with children with hearing impairment can be reduced by promoting meta-parenting, self-compassion, and subjective vitality.}, Keywords = {parenting stress, meta-parenting, self-compassion, subjective vitality, hearing impairment.}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {121-130}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2893-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2893-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Almasi, Leila and Derakhshani, Mehdi and Soltanabadi, Samane and Meghrazi, Atefeh and Shahrokhi, Paris}, title = {Fear of compassion for others in the coronavirus epidemic Based on mindfulness and psychological pathology}, abstract ={COVID-19 is a widespread global health crisis that has serious and harmful consequences for mental health and social relationships. In such conditions, compassion can be a protective factor, and fear of compassion can increase vulnerability to psychosocial distress. Thus, it seems necessary to investigate the factors that may be involved in the fear of compassion for others. The aim of this study was the Prediction of fear of compassion for others in the coronavirus epidemic based on mindfulness and depression, anxiety, and stress. The method of this study was descriptive-correlational. The study population was residents of Tehran in 2021, and 510 of them participated online through virtual networks. The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (Antony et al., 1998(, the Mindfulness Scale (Brown & Ryan, 2003), and the Fear of Compassion Questionnaire) Gilbert et al., 2011( were used to collect data. The results revealed a positive correlation between stress, depression, and anxiety components and fear of compassion for others, while mindfulness showed a negative correlation with it (p <0.01). The results of regression analysis also showed that only the stress component of the DASS scale and mindfulness could predict the fear of compassion for others. Hence, considering the present condition and the need for compassion and support in the face of coronavirus disease and vaccination, taking interventions to reduce psychological pathology and improve mindfulness that is involved in the fear of compassion for others can be helpful}, Keywords = {fear of Compassion for others, Corona virus, mindfulness}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {131-140}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3004-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3004-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Azizi, Majid and Heidari, Azadeh}, title = {Predicting of coronary anxiety based on cognitive fusion and anxiety sensitivity in men and women in Bandar Abbas}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to predict Corona disease anxiety based on cognitive fusion and anxiety sensitivity in men and women in Bandar Abbas. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study was all men and women living in Bandar Abbas in 1400, from which 144 people were selected by convenience sampling method.  After obtaining informed consent, individuals were asked to complete the Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaire (ASI_R) (Peterson and Hilbrunner, 1987), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) (Alipour et al., 1398), and Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire(CFQ) (Gillanders et al., 2014). Correlation and simultaneous regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a direct relationship between cognitive fusion and Corona disease anxiety (p <0.05, r = 0.68).  There is a positive relationship between anxiety sensitivity and coronary anxiety (p <0.05, r = 0.73). The results also showed that the combination of research variables was significantly related to corona anxiety and explained 0.44% of its variance (p <0.05, R2 = 0.44). According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that cognitive fusion and anxiety sensitivity are effective on corona anxiety and can act as factors to increase the level of anxiety.}, Keywords = {Corona Anxiety, Anxiety Sensitivity, Cognitive Fusion}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {141-148}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3172-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3172-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Rafie, Mohsen and Abbasi, Mozhgan and Ravand, Masomeh and Keshmiri, Ali}, title = {The Role of Perceived Gender Discrimination and Identity Styles in Predicting Learned Helplessness in Girls Experiencing Home Running}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the role of perceived gender discrimination and identity styles in predicting learned helplessness in girls experiencing home run. This research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study was girls referring to night care centers and shelters in Tehran, District 12 (Shoosh neighborhood) in the first quarter of 1400, from which 120 people were selected by purposive sampling. Research instruments included the Learned Helplessness Questionnaire (LHS) (Quinless & Nelson, 1988), the Gender Discrimination Incident Questionnaire (SSE) (Klonoff&  Landrine, 1995), and the Identity Style Questionnaire (ISI) (Berzonsky, 1992). Pearson correlation test and simultaneous linear regression were used to analyze the data. Findings showed perceived gender discrimination (discriminatory events in the past year and throughout life) and confused/avoidant identity style with learned helplessness. A positive and significant relationship and normative, informational, and identity styles with helplessness. Learners had a negative and significant relationship (P <0.05). Also, the regression results showed that discriminatory events during life, discriminatory events during the past year, information identity style, normative identity style, and avoidant/confused identity style 0.52 predict learned helplessness. Given the perceived gender discrimination and identity styles in predicting the learned helplessness learned in girls with experience of running away from home, it seems necessary to conduct workshops based on these concepts for families.}, Keywords = {Perceived Gender Discrimination, Identity Styles, Learned Helplessness, Girls, Running Home}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {149-158}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3050-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3050-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Nashveh, Fatemeh and Farghadani, Azadeh}, title = {Dental anxiety: Predictive role of cognitive-attentional syndrome, mental pain, and interoceptive awareness}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to predict dental anxiety based on cognitive-attentional syndrome, mental pain, and interoceptive awareness. This study was descriptive research with a correlational design. The statistical population was all adults visiting private practice offices in District 4 of Tehran, Iran (1399). The sample consisted of 213 clients who were selected using convenience sampling. The Cognitive-Attentional Syndrome Questionnaire CAS-1 (Wells, 2009), the Mental Pain Scale MPS (Orbach and Mikulincer, 2003), the Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness Scale IAQ) Mehling, 2012) and dental anxiety Questionnaire DAQ (Corah, 1996) were used to collect data. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze data. Results of data analysis showed that cognitive-attentional syndrome (0.14), mental pain (0.40), and interoceptive awareness (-0.21) could predict 33% of dental anxiety in clients (p=0.01). The findings of this study confirmed the role of cognitive-attentional syndrome and mental pain is increasing and the role of interoceptive awareness in reducing dental anxiety, and they could be used to develop therapeutic or preventive interventions for dental anxiety.}, Keywords = {Dental Anxiety, Cognitive-Attentional Syndrome, Mental Pain, Introceptive Awareness.}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {159-168}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2950-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2950-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Dehghani, Zahra and Asayesh, Mohammad Hassan and Shahmoradi, Somayeh}, title = {Experience of types of marital sexual violence in women victims in Tehran: a qualitative study}, abstract ={Marital sexual violence is considered as one of the unknown examples of violence against women, which is referred to by various interpretations such as marital rape, domestic sexual violence, sexual violence against the wife, and sexual violence in cohabitation. To investigate this type of violence from the perspective of female victims, in this study, the qualitative research approach and descriptive phenomenological method were used and according to the nature of the research, sampling was done purposefully And continued to the point of theoretical saturation. The study sample consisted of 11 women in Tehran in 1399-1400 who experienced marital sexual violence. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed by the Colaizzi method. Findings of the study include 1 main theme, Concepts and examples of marital sexual violence 11 sub-themes including dissatisfaction with sexual intercourse, sexual self-centeredness, disregard for the sexual needs of the spouse, sexual illiteracy, sexual humiliation, sexual relationship with violence, imposition of a particular type of sex, high-risk sex, inconsistency in the relationship Sexual, sexual abnormalities and sexual abuse and 30 constructs were conceptualized. The results indicate that the dimensions of marital sexual violence are wide and therefore need to be more aware and pay more attention to this type of violence against women by relevant agencies and organizations.}, Keywords = {Marital sexual violence, Tehran, women, qualitative study.}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {169-182}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3077-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3077-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {ParviziAghdam, Rahim and Etemadinia, Mahin and FarshbafManiSefat, Farnaz}, title = {Design and validate the organizational happiness model of Raja\'s employees with a Grounded theory approach}, abstract ={The main purpose of this research was to design and validate the organizational happiness model of Raja's employees with the foundation data theory approach. The purpose of the research was Fundamental research that was done using qualitative research methods. In this study, in order to collect information, 20 experts in the field of organizational behavior in Raja Company in 2020 were selected by purposive sampling method. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews. In the present study, MAX QDA software was used to analyze the data using the Grand Theory (Grounded theory) method with category coding and the Delphi technique. Content analysis of specialized interviews was performed and 19 indicators were identified. Triangular fuzzy numbers were used to fuzzy the views of experts. In fuzzy Delphi screening, the score was not less than 0.7 and as a result, no pivot code was removed. In this research, the category of "job attitude" has been selected as the central category. In other words, other categories are grouped around job attitudes. Respondents referred to concepts such as "citizenship behavior", "job commitment", "job satisfaction", "organizational commitment", "job conflict", "psychological empowerment" and "managerial support" in various quotations. Based on the results of this study, the identified categories should be considered as variables related to the organizational happiness of Raja's employees.}, Keywords = {Organizational Happiness, Validation, Raja Company, Grounded theory}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {183-198}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3000-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3000-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Babaie, Zahra and Mazandarani, Amir Ali}, title = {Investigating the relationship between the frequency and disturbance of nightmares with personality traits and demographic characteristics}, abstract ={Nightmares can cause general distress and sleep disturbances in the general population and negatively affect their subjective well-being. Knowing the predictors and etiology of recurring and distressing nightmares such as personality and demographic factors can help to understand and treat this disorder. The study population was undergraduate and graduate students of the Islamic Azad University, 300 of whom entered the study using a convenient sampling method. Participants responded to two items of the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire (Schredl, et. al., 2014) on the nightmare frequency and the nightmare distress, the Demographic Questionnaire, and the Neo Five-Factor Inventory (Costa, & McCrae, 1992). The Chi-square test and Kendall rank correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Findings indicated that the nightmare frequency has a significant positive correlation with neuroticism and a significant negative correlation with openness to experience. Undergraduate students reported more nightmares than graduate students. Age and gender were not associated with the frequency and distress of nightmares. We explained the findings of this study in the light of the threat simulation theory and Nielsen and Levin’s neurocognitive model. It is suggested that future researchers use clinical interviews to explore further into common features in the life history of people diagnosed with nightmare disorders.}, Keywords = {Nightmare, Sleep Disorder, Etiology, Personality, Demographic Characteristics}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {199-208}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3036-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3036-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {KolahdouziPour, Aylar and TofighiMohammadi, Maryam}, title = {The role of mindfulness and corona disease anxiety in predicting the quality of professional life of employed women}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to identify the role of mindfulness and corona disease anxiety in predicting the quality of professional life of employed women. The present study is a descriptive correlational study in terms of method. The research population included all employed women, referred to Abhar health centers in the last quarter of 2020, from which 156 people were selected as a sample using a convenience sampling method. The instruments of this study included the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL)(Stam, 2010), the Five-Factor Mindfulness Scale (FFMQ)(Bauer et al., 2006), and the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale(CDAS)(Alipour et al., 2019). The collected data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test and simultaneous regression analysis in SPSS-25 software. Results revealed a significant positive relationship between mindfulness and quality of professional life and a significant negative relationship between corona disease anxiety and quality of professional life (P<0.01). The results also showed that Forty percent of the variance in the professional quality of life can be predicted based on the mindfulness and corona disease anxiety, and Both the mindfulness and corona disease anxiety predict the professional quality of life of working women.  Based on the research results, it can be one of the main priorities of managers, especially welfare organizations in crisis interventions and adopting appropriate strategies such as training of mindfulness skills to reduce anxiety in the workplace and improve the quality of life of employees to promote professional quality of life so that conditions to improve quality of services to be provided.}, Keywords = {mindfulness, corona disease anxiety, quality of professional life, employed women.}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {209-218}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3056-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3056-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Rahmani, Samira and Ilbeigi, Rez}, title = {The role of personality Hexaco dimensions, religious attitudes and Moral Intelligenc in predicting the injures of virtual space in girls and boys in the second period of secondary education in Mashhad}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Hexaco personality dimensions and religious attitudes and moral intelligence in predicting cyberspace injuries in female high school students in Mashhad. The statistical population of this study consisted of all female high school students in Mashhad in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample size was selected using 228 clusters random sampling method. In this study, Hexaco Personality Questionnaire (Ashton and Lee, 2000), Religious Attitude Assessment (Khodayari Fard et al., 1397), Moral Intelligence (Lenik and Kiel, 2005), and Cyberspace Injuries (Prisoners et al., 2013) were used. Findings were analyzed by Pearson correlation and stepwise multivariate regression. The results showed that none of the components of moral intelligence and religious attitudes had a significant relationship with the harms of cyberspace and among the components of Hexaco personality dimensions only the factor of agreement and compatibility (r = -0.192) with harm فضای Cyberspace has a significant positive relationship (P˂0.05). Also, the results of multiple regression analysis that agreement and adaptation can significantly explain the changes related to loneliness among students (P˂0.05). These results also showed that 12% of the variance of students' cyberspace injuries is explained by Hexaco's personality traits and religious attitudes and moral intelligence. The results of the present study suggest that the personality dimension of agreement and adaptation should be considered in predicting cyberspace injuries in adolescents.}, Keywords = {Hexaco Personality Dimensions, Religious Attitudes, Moral Intelligence, Cyberspace Injuries.}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {219-228}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3064-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3064-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Alizadeh, Nasrin and Mirzaian, Bahram and Abbasi, Ghodratollah}, title = {Comparison of the Effectiveness of Schema Therapy and Short-Term Psychodynamic Therapy on Psychological Capital in Females with Breast Cancer}, abstract ={ The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Schema Therapy and Short-Term Psychodynamic Therapy on Psychological Capital in Females with Breast Cancer. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The statistical population of the study included all women with breast cancer who had been referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran from June to November and had a medical record.  Among them, 45 females were selected by purposive sampling and randomly replaced in waiting for treatment group and two experimental groups (15 people in each group). The subjects of the first and second experimental groups received Schema Therapy (during 11 sessions) and Short-Term Psychodynamic Therapy (during 11 sessions), respectively. the control group (waiting for treatment) did not receive any intervention. For data collection, the Interpersonal Psychological Capital PCQ (Luthans, 2007) was used. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and LSD in SPSS21. The results showed that the schema therapy approach is more beneficial than the short-term dynamic psychotherapy approach on the psychological capital variable (P <0.05). Also, during the six-month follow-up period, both treatments maintained their effect on the psychological capital variable..According to the results of the present study, Schema Therapy can be used to increase Psychological Capital more effectively than Short-Term Psychodynamic Therapy in females with Breast Cancer}, Keywords = {Schema Therapy, Short-Term Psychodynamic Therapy, Psychological Capital, Breast Cancer.}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {229-240}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3094-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3094-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {VatankhahAmjad, Farzaneh and Shams, Sara and Rashtiani, Fariba and Mohammadi, Sam}, title = {The Relationship between Behavioral Brain Systems and Difficulty in Emotion Regulation with Depressive Symptoms in People with Type 2 Diabetes: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Flexibility}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive flexibility between behavioral brain systems and difficulty in regulating emotion with depressive symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes. The present study is a descriptive-correlation study of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study was all patients with diabetes referred to Armaghan specialized clinic in Karaj in 1399 250 people were selected by available sampling method. Data with Revised Depression Inventory (BDI-II) Beck (1961), Carver and White Brain / Behavioral Systems Scale (BIS / BAS) (1994), Graz and Roemer (DERS) Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (2004), And the Denis and Wonder (2010) Psychological Flexibility Inventory (CFI) were collected. Data were analyzed by correlation test and structural equation modeling using SPSS-24 and AMOS-26 software. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between behavioral activation system and cognitive flexibility with depression (P <0.01). There is a positive and significant relationship between the behavioral inhibition system and difficulty in emotion regulation with depression (P <0.01). The modified model also had a good fit. That is, the research model is able to explain the relationship between variables. The results also confirmed the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between brain-behavioral systems and difficulty in regulating emotion with depressive symptoms. Reduces the power of depression in diabetic patients.}, Keywords = {Depression, Behavioral brain systems, Emotion regulation, Cognitive flexibility, Type 2 diabetes}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {241-256}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3085-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3085-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Ghoubadzadeh, Sajjad and Pasha, Reza and Bakhtiarpoor, Saeeid and Homaei, Rezv}, title = {The effectiveness of behavioral self-regulation training on improving impulsivity symptoms, attention and concentration of students with hyperactivity-impulsivity}, abstract ={This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of behavioral self-regulation training on improving impulsivity symptoms, attention, and concentration of students with hyperactivity-impulsivity. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with the control group. The statistical population of the study included all children with ADHD in the age range of 9-12 years who were referred to medical centers and students of special schools in Ardabil in the second half of 2020. The number of samples included 30 children in the community who were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control (n =15) groups. The experimental group received 9 sessions of 45-60 minutes of behavioral self-regulation training. In order to collect data, the Self-restraint scale (SRS) (Weinberger and Schwartz, 1990), Toulouse piéron test (TPT) (1986), and Test of Attention (TAD2) (1970) were used. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (MANCOVA) with SPSS22 software. Results showed that behavioral self-regulation training had a significant effect on a decrease in impulsivity symptoms (F= 157.862; P<0.01) and improved attention (F= 38.57; P<0.01) and concentration (F =123/203; P<0.01). The results showed the appropriate scientific capability of self-regulatory educational intervention on improving impulsivity symptoms, attention, and concentration of students with impulsivity-impulsivity.}, Keywords = {behavioral self-regulation training, impulsivity, attention, concentration hyperactivity-impulsivity}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {257-268}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3075-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3075-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Adavi, Hamideh and Ghadampour, Ezatollah and Abasi, Mohamm}, title = {The Effect of Teaching Phono- graphix Method on the Level Method on the Level of Phonological Awareness and Attitude Reading of Students with Reading Difficulties}, abstract ={The aim of this research was to investigate The effectiveness of teaching phenographix method on the level of phonological awareness and attitude to the reading of students with reading difficulties. The study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with the control group. The statistical population includes all students (boys and girls) with reading difficulties, fourth and fifth grades of an elementary school in Aligudarz, who are studying in the academic year 2019-2020, Targeted sampling method of which 30 students (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group was selected as the sample size and randomly. Research tools included  Dastjerdi and Soleimani Phonological Awareness Test (PAT) (1389) and McKenna & Kear (ATQ) (1990) attitudes to reading. Data using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of covariance) were analyzed. research results show that teaching phenographix techniques increased phonological awareness and improved attitude to reading in students with reading difficulties (p<0/001). Therefore, it can be said that reading is one of the main skills identifying lower elementary students with reading difficulties is essential to solving their problems.}, Keywords = {Phono-graphix, phonological awareness, attitude to reading, Reading Difficulties.}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {269-278}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3143-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3143-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Alizadeh, Taher and Karimzadeh, Shokoufeh and ArabMohammadi, Habib}, title = {Explaining the psychosocial facilitators factors in the rehabilitation of injured athletes: A qualitative study}, abstract ={Sports injuries are one of the common crises that have a significant impact on the quality of life of athletes. Athletes do not show the same psychological response to sports injuries, and these reactions are influenced by several factors. This study aimed to identify psychosocial facilitators in the rehabilitation of injured athletes. Statistical Society consisted of all athletes injured in sports activities in Tehran in 1399. 17 participants were selected using purposive sampling with maximum diversity. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis. After conducting the interviews, 200 initial codes were extracted, and after studying the text, classes were identified by comparing the codes. Findings of this study showed that psychosocial facilitators in returning to the game included two categories of receiving psychosocial support and personality traits. The appropriate psychosocial support class had three subcategories, Including family support, team support, and contact with a psychologist. The next category of psychosocial facilitators in returning to the game was personality traits, which included five categories: self-efficacy, stability, self-compassion, acceptance, and positivity. The results of this study showed that a combination of personality, environmental and social factors related to the mind can facilitate the process of returning to the game. Recognition of these factors, which is appropriate to the social context and real experience of athletes, can be of great use to coaches, sports psychologists and the design of psychosocial rehabilitation packages for these individuals, that is, to help the rehabilitation and recovery process by strengthening facilitators.}, Keywords = {Facilitator factors, psychosocial, rehabilitation, injured athletes, Conventionat Content Analysis.}, volume = {10}, Number = {11}, pages = {279-290}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3283-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3283-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Adavi, Hamideh and Ghadampour, Ezatollah and Abasi, Mohamm}, title = {Investigating the mediating role of attitudes to reading in relation to cognitive strategies, metacognitive reading strategies, parents\' attitudes to reading with reading motivation students with reading difficulties}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of attitudes toward reading in relation to cognitive strategies, metacognitive reading strategies, parents' attitudes to reading with reading motivation for students with reading difficulties. The research method was descriptive correlational and in particular structural equation model. For this purpose, the statistical population of the study, which included all students (boy and girl) with reading difficulties, fourth and fifth grades of primary school in Aligudarz who were studying in the academic year 2019-20, which was 300 people as a sample. They responded to Wigfield and Guthrie's (1997) reading motivation questionnaires, learning to read survey (international association for the Evaluation Achievement)(2001), McKenna & Kear's (1990) attitudes to reading, Mokhtari, and Richard's (2002) metacognitive awareness strategies, Pintrich & DeGroot (1990) motivated strategies for learning questionnaire. In data analysis, the Structural equation modeling method was used to check the causal model between the research variables. The results showed that Cognitive strategy is directly related to the level of significance (0.001) and parents' attitude to reading is significantly related to the level of significance (0.01) to the motivation to read. The direct relationship between metacognitive reading strategies and reading motivation was not confirmed (0.35). Cognitive strategies are indirectly related to reading motivation through the attitude of reading (0.009). Metacognitive strategies of reading are indirectly related to reading motivation through the attitude of reading (0.001). Also, parents' attitudes to reading are indirectly related to reading motivation through reading attitudes (0.004). The proposed model has a good fit based on the fit indices. The results of this study can provide valuable information about increasing reading motivation.}, Keywords = {attitudes to reading, cognitive strategies, metacognitive reading strategies, parental attitudes to reading, reading motivation.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {1-14}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3161-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3161-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Sharifi, Ala and Mashhadi, Ali}, title = {A review of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder, a new disorder in the DSM-5}, abstract ={Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)  is a new disorder that has been added to the mood disorders category in the Fifth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to distinguish chronic non-periodic irritability from periodic irritability of bipolar disorder. The main feature of DMDD is chronic and severe irritability. Since it is a new diagnostic entity, not much research has been done on it and the literature on it is still expanding. The purpose of this review article is to gather information about the diagnosis, epidemiology, comorbidities, etiology and risk factors, and treatment approaches for this disorder.}, Keywords = {Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder, Non-Periodic Irritability, Mood Disorder, DSM-5}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {15-24}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3067-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3067-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Akbari, Adnan and Fathiashtiani, Ali}, title = {Psychological Factors and Effects of Smartphone Addiction: a Systematic Review}, abstract ={The advent and development of new technologies around the world have turned the use of smartphones into an essential part of human life. But in spite of its positive aspects, the overuse and addiction to this new tool have become an important subject. Smartphone addiction can affect many aspects of one’s life. In the present study, we collected 512 scientific studies by searching the keywords “psychological effects of smartphone addiction” and “psychological factors of smartphone addiction” invalid external and internal information resources within the time range of 2000-to 2021. After evaluating the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 35 qualified articles were included in the final review. The studies on this topic were classified into two groups: psychological effects of smartphone addiction and psychological factors of smartphone addiction. With respect to psychological effects, studies mainly show negative effects such as depression, anxiety, stress, reduced learning, reduced productivity, low self-esteem, etc. In relation to psychological factors studies focus on factors such as neuroticism, openness, low conscientiousness, low agreeableness, depression, anxiety, low self-control, dysfunctional impulsivity, loneliness, etc. The review of these studies shows that the phenomenon of smartphone addiction has substantial psychological effects and thus it is necessary to devise a plan to prevent and intervene in this destructive phenomenon according to its psychological factors.}, Keywords = {Smartphone, Addiction, Psychological Factors, Psychological Effects, Systematic Review.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {25-36}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3110-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3110-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Zare, Roya and Taklavi, Somayyeh and Ghaffari, Azr}, title = {The Effectiveness of the Children Philosophy Education on Self-determination and Responsibility of the Elementary Students}, abstract ={This study was conducted to determine the effect of the children's philosophy education program on the self-determination and responsibility of elementary students. Regarding the purpose, this study was an applied study and it was also semi-experimental (pre-test / post-test and control groups design) in nature. The population of this study consisted of all fifth- and sixth-grade elementary students in Ardabil (Iran) who were studying in 2020-2021. Thirty-two students were selected by the convenience sampling method and divided into the experimental and control groups (16 students for each group). They completed the Basic Needs Satisfaction, General version (BNSG-S) designed by Ryan, Couchman, and Deci (2000) and the Students’ Responsibility Questionnaire (SR-Q) designed by Kordloo (2010). Then, the experimental group had a 10-session (twice a week) philosophy education program (each with 60 minutes) over 5 weeks. The data were analyzed using SPSS-24 software. The results showed that, compared to the control group, philosophy education increased and improved the self-determination and the responsibility of students in the experimental group (p < 0.01). In a nutshell, the results reported a positive and significant effect of the philosophy education program on the students’ self-determination and responsibility.}, Keywords = {Philosophy education program, Self-determination, Responsibility}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {37-48}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3265-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3265-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Nikgoo, Reihaneh and AbbasiSooreshjani, Maryam and Naghsh, Zahra and Ghorbani, Nim}, title = {Factorial structure of Persian version of Sussex-Oxford Compassion for Others Scale}, abstract ={Providing a valid scale for measuring compassion for others in Iranian society is part of the research needs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Sussex-Oxford Compassion for Others Scale (SOCS-O) in a sample of Iranian married individuals, who lived in Iran in the second half of 1399 and the first half of 1400. 315 Iranian married people (265 females and 50 males) were selected by convenience sampling method and responded to the Sussex-Oxford Compassion for Others Scale (SOCS-O; Gu et al., 2020). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to evaluate the construct validity. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed the four-factor structure for the scale of compassion for others in Iranian society, which differed from the main model of the scale in terms of factor and item. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the 4-factor structure and the indicators showed acceptable model fit. Cronbach's alpha of the whole scale was 0.90 and the alpha coefficients of factors were between 0.71 and 0.86, which indicates the desired internal consistency of this scale in Iranian society. The results of this study show the desired validity and reliability of the Persian version of this scale and provide a reliable tool for measuring compassion for others to experts.}, Keywords = {Exploratory factor analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis, Compassion for others, Sussex-Oxford Compassion for Others Scale}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {49-60}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3291-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3291-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Haghayeghi, Marzieh and Salehi, Keyv}, title = {Systematic Review of the Tools Used for Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Preschoolers}, abstract ={Given the importance of early diagnosis of Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on the one hand and the heterogeneity of ADHD among preschoolers, on the other hand, this study aimed at examining the tools used to diagnose ADHD in preschoolers. According to PRISMA guidelines, we searched for articles indexed in the Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Sage databases from 2015 to 2021, using a combination of expressions including "ADHD" or "ADD" or "Attention" Deficit Disorder ”(and“ preschooler ”or“ 3-6-year-olds ”) and (“ assessment ”or“ measurement ”). Eighteen empirical studies were identified as relevant to our research. The studies were evaluated in two stages: first, the agreement between the two reviewers was calculated using Cohen's Kappa coefficient (r=0.87), and none of the articles was removed. Secondly, each study was assessed based on bias, confounders, power, and strength of association between intervention and outcomes using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. The findings demonstrated that the tools in this area can be divided into two general categories: questionnaires of reporting parents and teachers and observing children's actions and behavior. And tacks of observing children's actions and behavior are divided into two categories: cognitive inhibition and behavioral inhibition tests. In conclusion, the diagnosis of preschoolers with ADHD requires a multi-method approach with multiple information and must be based on both reporting and Nero-psychological methods.}, Keywords = {Attention-Deficit /Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD , Diagnostic Tools, Preschoolers}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {61-72}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3130-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3130-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {AbediniChamgordani, Somayeh and Niknejadi, Farzaneh}, title = {Investigating the mediating role of Dyadic Coping and Understanding and Intellectual Coordination in the relationship between Marital Attractions and Marital Quality}, abstract ={The aim of this research was to investigate the mediating role of dyadic coping and understanding and intellectual coordination in the relationship between marital attractions and marital quality. The research method is correlational modeling of structural equations. The statistical population included all married women active counselors in counseling centers of Isfahan in 1400 207 people were selected as a statistical sample using purposive sampling. The tools of this study included the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale of Busby et al. (1995), the Marital Attractions Questionnaire of Salimi et al. (2020), the Dyadic Coping Inventory of Bodenmann (2000), and the Iranian Couples Intellectual Mutuality and Coordination of Javdan (2014). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data and a bootstrap test was used to investigate the indirect effects. The results of data analysis showed that the hypothetical model of mediation of dyadic coping and understanding and intellectual coordination in the relationship between marital attractions and marital quality had a good fit with the data. In addition, the results showed that in the hypothesized model, all regression weights were statistically significant (p <0.05). Also, marital attractions, dyadic coping, and understanding and intellectual coordination can explain 64% of the variance in marital quality. The results of the present study show that in the relationship between marital attractions and marital quality, the variables of dyadic coping and understanding, and intellectual coordination play a mediating role. The findings of the present study can be used to improve the marital quality in marriage and family counseling centers.}, Keywords = {Marital Quality, Marital Attractions, Dyadic Coping, Understanding and Intellectual Coordination}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {73-84}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3149-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3149-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Asadi, Seyedeh Somayeh and BakhshipourRoudsari, Abbas and MahmoudAlilou, Majid and SeyedMousavi, Parisa Sadat}, title = {The relationship between attachment security and emotional dysregulation of adolescent: The mediating role of mentalization ability}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of mentalization ability in the relationship between attachment security and adolescent emotional dysregulation. The present research was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of this study was male and female students who were in the age range of 11 to 17 years, who in 2020 were studying in regions one and two of Zanjan City. 200 people were selected using available sampling for this study. The research instruments included the experiences of close relationships questionnaire - (ECR-RS)  (Fraley et al., 2000), Reflective Function Questionnaire for Youth- (RFQ-Y) (Ha & et al., 2013), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale- (DERS) (Gratz & Roemer, 2004). Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test and path analysis. Fit indicators showed an excellent fit of the data with the modified model. Avoidance attachment to the father was directly able to predict emotional dysregulation in adolescents (p<0.001). Also, avoidant attachment to the father and anxious attachment to the mother indirectly and through the ability to mentalize were able to predict emotional dysregulation in adolescents (p<0.001). From the above results, it can be concluded that attachment security and the ability to mentalize together can play a major role in predicting emotional dysregulation in adolescents and it is necessary to pay attention to these factors in emotional regulation promotion programs.}, Keywords = {emotional dysregulation, attachment security, mentalization}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {85-96}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3190-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3190-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Khasareh, Hamideh and Mirtajadini, Fatemeh Sadat}, title = {Prediction of Corona disease anxiety based on health locus of control and perceived social support}, abstract ={Nowadays, Corona disease anxiety is becoming common among people and has become a major concern for mental health. People perceive Corona disease anxiety differently depending on their individual characteristics. Therefore, the aim of this study was the prediction of Corona disease anxiety based on the health locus of control and perceived social support. The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational. The study statistical population was people who referred to the state welfare (Behzisti) organization of Kerman in 2021, of which 200 were selected according to the convenience sampling method. The Corona Disease Anxiety Scale by Alipour et al (2020), Multidimensional Health Locus of Control by Wollaston and Davis (1992), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support by Zimet et al (1998) are used for data collection. Pearson-R correlation and stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the Corona disease anxiety had a positive and significant relationship with the chance locus of control, and a negative and significant relationship with the internal locus of control and perceived social support (p <0.01). The results of regression analysis also showed that the health locus of control and perceived social support predict altogether 0.29 of the Corona disease anxiety variance. These results showed that people with an internal health locus of control, as well as people with higher perceived social support, had lower levels of Corona disease anxiety. Therefore, by informing and using appropriate psychological interventions, the life quality of people during the epidemic can be improved.}, Keywords = {Corona Disease Anxiety, Health Locus of Control, Perceived Social Support.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {97-108}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3152-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3152-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Kiarasi, Ziba and Emadian, Seyedeh Olia and Hassanzadeh, Ramaz}, title = {The Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy on Posttraumatic Growth and Body Image Fear in Females with Breast Cancer}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was the effectiveness of Compassion-Focused therapy on posttraumatic growth and Body Image Fear in Females with Breast Cancer. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The statistical population of the study included all females with breast cancer who were referred to Arad hospital and had a medical record in the spring of 2020.  Among them, 30 females were selected by purposive sampling and randomly replaced in a control group (waiting for treatment) and an experimental group (15 people in each group). The subjects of the experimental group received Compassion-Focused therapy (during 8 sessions) and the control group (waiting for treatment) did not receive the intervention. For data collection, the posttraumatic growth PTGI (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996) and Body Image Fear BICI (Body Image Fear, 2005) were used. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance in SPSS21. The results showed that Compassion-Focused therapy significantly increased posttraumatic growth and decreased Body Image Fear(p<0.05). According to the results of the present study, Compassion-Focused therapy can be used to increase posttraumatic growth and decreased Body Image Fear in females with Breast Cancer.}, Keywords = {Compassion-Focused therapy, post traumatic growth, Body Image Fear, Breast Cancer.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {109-118}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2971-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2971-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Kouchaki, Ashour Mohammad and Shariatnia, Kazem and Asadi, Javanshir and Mirani, Arastoo}, title = {The Evaluation of a causal model of wisdom based on big five Factors of personality with the mediating role of basic psychological needs in university students}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the causal model for wisdom based on the five factors of personality with the mediating role of psychological basic needs in students. the method of the present study was descriptive-correlational using a structural equation model. The statistical population of this study was undergraduate and graduate students of the academic year 2020-2021 in Golestan province. from this population, a sample of 356 male and female students was selected using stepwise cluster sampling.in order to collect data, the NEO Personality Traits Questionnaire (NEO-PI), the Guinea Psychological Basic Needs Scale, and Ardelt`s three-dimensional Wisdom Scale (3 D-WS) were used. Data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method and the LISREL software version (8.71). The results showed that in most of the fit indices, the structural model for wisdom has a suitable and acceptable fit. According to the research results, neuroticism was negatively correlated to wisdom(-0.58), extroversion(0.44), openness to experience(0.33), and psychological basic needs(0.49) positive significantly correlated with wisdom at the alpha level ( 0.01) and in total 41% of the variance of the wisdom is predicted and explained by these variables. Therefore, wisdom can be considered a personality trait.}, Keywords = {Wisdom, students, Five Factor Model, Psychological Basic Needs}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {119-130}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3087-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3087-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Fathi, Fatemeh and Vaziri, Shahram and Pourasghar, Mehdi and Nasri, Maryam}, title = {The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based psychotherapy based on the components of personality organization and defense styles of people with borderline personality disorder}, abstract ={The aim of this study was the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on the organization of personality and defense styles of people with borderline personality. The research method was single-subject design A-B-A The statistical population includes all people with borderline personality disorder who were referred to the outpatient department of Zare Psychiatric Hospital and Mana Home Sari Clinic in June 2016. Among them, 3 people were selected by sampling method and treated for 40 sessions. they got. Data were collected in three baselines: treatment, follow-up, and follow-up over 11 months using the Kernberg  IPO Personality Questionnaire (Kronberg, 2002) and the DSQ-40 Defense Styles (Anders & et al., 1993). For statistical analysis, the shape analysis method, stable change, was used. Analysis of the results in the treatment phase, the first person in the variables of reality testing, total personality score, the second person in the variables of confusion, reality testing, total personality score, progress growth defense, and the third person in personality, immature defense and Mental defense was seen as annoying. The follow-up stage of the first person was seen in the components of reality testing, confusion, the second person in reality testing, confusion, personality score, and the third person in the real testing variables of personality score, growth defense, immature defense. ACT treatment in 10 months I can make changes in a person with a borderline personality, Further research is needed to generalize the findings.}, Keywords = {Acceptance and commitment-based psychotherapy, components of personality organization, defense styles, borderline personality disorder.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {131-144}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3105-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3105-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {ZareAbandansari, Mohammad and Moharramzadeh, Mehrdad and Rezapour, Fatemeh}, title = {Phenomenology of effective factors in learning disabilities and reduction of motivation for active participation of transgender students in learning physical education lessons in schools (by providing a solution)}, abstract ={Transgender students are not able to actively participate in sports activities compared to other students due to some problems such as lack of proper learning and lack of motivation to participate during physical education. The purpose of this study was to identify problems and provide practical solutions to improve learning and increase the motivation of transgender students to provide the conditions for active participation of transgender students in school sports. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and with a phenomenological approach in the Colaizzi method. The statistical population of the study consisted of transgender students, physical education teachers, school principals, faculty members of universities in the Department of Psychology and Sports Management in Mazandaran province in 2021; 19 of these people were purposefully selected as a statistical sample. The measurement tool was semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions and interviews as long as it was possible to extract completely non-repetitive concepts; That is, interview number 19 continued. In order to finalize the research, the criteria of validity and reliability were used. Findings of the effective factors in learning disabilities and reducing the motivation of transgender students to participate in sports include 48 sub-themes in the form of 9 main themes; They constitute psychological, social, supportive, physical, environmental, personal, acceptance, cover status, and abnormalities. In the section on providing practical solutions, 32 sub-themes in the form of 5 main themes; Psychological, supportive, cultural, preventive, and environmental were identified. Some of the suggested solutions include: motivating transgender students to participate in sports activities using incentive tools, teaching stress coping techniques, helping to identify their sexual identity using tools such as; Counseling or practice of gender reassignment, creating a suitable environment for growth and learning similar to other students, creating a general education program for all students in the field of acquaintance and how to communicate with transgender people, identifying transgender people from 5-6 years old by examining Specialized by families and psychologists and the creation of a safe and healthy environment to motivate transgender students to participate in sports activities.}, Keywords = {Motivation, Participation, Transgender Students, School Sports, Learning Disabilities}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {145-158}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3146-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3146-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Yousefi, Nafiseh and Monirpoor, Nader}, title = {The role of alexithymia and irrational beliefs in predicting obsessive-compulsive disorder in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder}, abstract ={The present study aimed to predict obsessive-compulsive disorder based on alexithymia and irrational beliefs in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The present study is a descriptive correlation. The statistical population included all patients referred to Imam Hossein Hospital in Karaj in the quarter (October, November, and December) of 2020, which was selected by the available sampling method of 270 people. Research tools included the Madzley Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Questionnaire MOCI (1980), the Toronto Emotional Dysfunction Scale TAS (1994), and the Jones Irrational Beliefs Questionnaire. IBT (1969) After collection, data were analyzed by, correlation and regression analysis and SPSS software version 20. The results showed that the components of nausea were associated with obsessive-compulsive syndrome and this relationship was significant at 13/0 at the level of (0.005). There is also a significant relationship between the components of irrational beliefs and obsession 14/0, which was also significant here (0.005). The results of the study showed that emotional distress and irrational beliefs can both predict obsessive-compulsive disorder.}, Keywords = {alexithymia, Irrational Belief, obsessive-compulsive disorder.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {159-168}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3102-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3102-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Safakermanshahi, Yasaman and Nikooei, Fatemeh and Hayati, Gholamhas}, title = {The effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on marital adjustment and intimacy of women with marital conflicts}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on marital adjustment and intimacy of women with marital conflicts. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with the control group. The statistical population of this study included all women with marital conflicts who had referred to counseling centers in Tehran to resolve their family disputes In the six months of autumn and winter 2020, using the Sanai and Barati Marital Conflict Questionnaire (2008). Thirty women with marital conflicts were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 in each group). They answered the Lock-Wallace (1959) Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (LWMAT) and the Walker & Thompson (1983) Marital Intimacy Questionnaire (MIS). The experimental group was trained in 8 sessions of 60 minutes (once a week) of dialectical behavior therapy techniques based on Linhan's (1970) training package. Data were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of covariance. Findings showed that the effectiveness of dialectical therapy on marital adjustment (P<0/01, F=17/79) and intimacy of women (P<0/01, F=14/82) with marital conflicts has been confirmed (P <0.05) and women with marital conflicts in the experimental group compared to women with marital conflicts in the control group. After the test, they had significantly more marital adjustment and intimacy (P <0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that dialectical behavior therapy is effective in increasing the marital adjustment and intimacy of couples.}, Keywords = {Dialectical behavior therapy, marital adjustment, marital intimacy, marital conflicts.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {169-178}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3090-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3090-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Rateghi, Pegah and Marashian, Fatemeh Sadat}, title = {The effectiveness of puppet play therapy on reducing shyness, loneliness and behavioral problems in single-parent children}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of puppet play therapy in reducing shyness and loneliness and improving the behavioral problems of single-parent children in Ahvaz. The method of this quasi-experimental study was pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all single-parent children aged 3 to 9 years in Ahvaz in 1399. Among them, 30 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The Stanford Shyness (SSQ)(1997), Russell Loneliness (UCLA) (1980), and Shahim and Yousefi (BPQPC)(1999) Behavioral Problems questionnaires were used to collect data. Then 10 sessions of 45 minutes and two sessions of puppet play therapy were performed on the experimental group every week. While the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by Repeated Measures ANOVA (RM ANOVA) using SPSS 24 software. The results showed that there was a significant difference between shyness, loneliness, and behavioral problems in the experimental group compared to the control group (P ≥ 0.05). The results continued after a month and a half of follow-up. On this basis we can say; Puppet play is effective in reducing shyness, loneliness, and improving the behavioral problems of single-parent children.}, Keywords = {puppet play therapy, shynes, loneliness,behavioral problems, single-parent.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {179-190}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3326-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3326-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Samadieh, Hadi and Sadri, Mahdi and Akbarimoqadamkakhki, Motahare}, title = {The Mediating Role of Agentic Engagement in the Relationship Between Academic Enthusiasm and Commitment to the University}, abstract ={This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of agentic engagement in the relationship between Academic Enthusiasm and commitment to the university. The present study was a descriptive correlational study. The population data contained all male and female students of 15 faculties of the University of Tehran in the academic year 1399-1400. Among them, 650 students were selected by the available sampling method. The research instruments were the Factor Involvement Questionnaire (AE) Rio (2013), Student Achievement Questionnaire (SES Gonius and Cozo (2015)) and Pascarla and Transzini (SAI) Questionnaire of Academic and Social Cohesion (1980).. SPSS-21 software was used for Descriptive statistics analysis and Amos-22 software was used for structural equation modeling. The results showed that there are significant positive relationships between the variables of cognitive enthusiasm, factor involvement, and commitment to the university (P <0.01). Cognitive enthusiasm has a direct and significant effect on students agentic engagement (β = 0.66, P <0.001), and agentic engagement has a positive and significant effect on student's commitment to the university (β = 0.22, P <0.001). Therefore, it is suggested that for increasing the academic engagement of students in the higher education system, the status of students' commitment and academic enthusiasm to universities should be considered.}, Keywords = {Agentic engagement, Academic enthusiasm, Commitment to university, Students}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {191-202}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3140-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3140-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Heidarpoureskandari, Marzieh and Amini, Naser and Jafarinia, Gholamrez}, title = {The comparison of effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction program on emotional divorce of couples}, abstract ={The purpose of this study was to compare of the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction program on the emotional divorce of couples. This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with a control group and follow-up for two months. The statistical population included all the couples referring to counseling and psychological services in Shiraz city to 91 people were in 1399 and 60 couples by random sampling were considered as the sample size in two experimental groups (each group of 10 couples) and control (10 couples). The experimental groups underwent emotion-focused couple therapy (9 sessions 90 minutes) and a mindfulness-based stress reduction program (9 sessions 90 minutes), but the control group received no training and remained in the waiting list. To collect data Kessler emotional divorce Questionnaire (EDQ) of Guttman (1995). Data analysis by repeated-measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test showed that both therapies had a significant effect on emotional divorce in the post-test and follow-up stages compared to the control group (P <0.05). Also, emotion-oriented couple therapy was more effective in reducing emotional divorce compared to stress-based mindfulness (P <0.05). Based on the findings, it can be concluded that emotional couple therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction can be used as treatment methods to reduce emotional divorce in medical centers.}, Keywords = {emotion-focused couple therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction, emotional divorce.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {203-214}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3138-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3138-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Asgari, Asiye and Aziziziabari, Leilasadat and Asadi, Javanshir and Hosseinae, Ali}, title = {Comparison of the effectiveness of couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment and emotionally focused couple therapy on marital forgiveness of women affected by extramarital relationships}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment (ACT) and emotionally-focused couple therapy (EFCT) on marital forgiveness of women affected by extramarital relationships. The method of the present study was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all women affected by extramarital relationships who were referred to counseling centers in Gorgan in the first 9 months of 1399 Using the purposive sampling method, 45 people were selected, and then They were randomly divided into three groups of 15 people. The first experimental group received emotionally-focused couple therapy and the second experimental group received couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment in 12 sessions of 90 minutes twice a week. The research instrument was the Marital Forgiveness Questionnaire (MFQ) of Ray et al. (2001). Data were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance using SPSS-16 software at a significance level of 0.05. Both approaches of EFCT and ACT have a significant effect on marital forgiveness in the post-test and follow-up stages (P <0/01). The results also showed that acceptance and commitment-based couple therapy had a greater effect on marital forgiveness (P=0/002), presence of positive (P=0/001), and absence of negative (p=0/014) than emotionally-focused couple therapy. As a result, both interventions can be used to increase marital forgiveness but given the greater effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based couple therapy, this approach is preferred.}, Keywords = {Couple Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitement, Emotionallay-Focused Couple Therapy, Marital Forgiveness.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {215-226}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3193-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3193-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {MousaviTekieh, Forugh Sadat and Yousefi, Zahr}, title = {The Qualitative Study on the Quality of Life of Volunteered Addicted Women in Drug Addiction Rehabilitation Centers of Isfahan City}, abstract ={The aim of the current research was a qualitative study of the quality of life of addicted women in Isfahan city. The type of this qualitative study was contents analysis and data was evaluated through Braun and Clark’s (2006) six-phase thematic analysis process. The statistical population of the study was all addicted women in addiction withdrawal centers in Isfahan city in 2018 and 17 persons were selected using purposive and homogeneous sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews that included questions about the quality of life-based on Frisch’s theory (2006). The results showed that the quality of life of addicted women could be analyzed in four domains: 1) physical and psychological health status, 2) material possession, 3) social status, and 4) family status. With regard to Frisch's theory, it can be concluded that the quality of life among addicted women is mostly changed alongside the four mentioned domains and addiction therapists should focus their attention on the improvement of these four areas for the therapy of these addicted women.}, Keywords = {quality of life, addicted women, Frisch’s theory, thematic analysis}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {227-238}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3157-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3157-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Nyazmand, Hassan and Barzegar, Majid and Bagholi, Hosein and SohrabiShegefti, Nadereh}, title = {The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on prisoners\' psychological capital and criminal thinking in Bushehr city}, abstract ={Psychological empowerment of prisoners is one of the effective treatment programs for reducing the prevention of recurrence of crime. Due to the importance of this issue, the present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the psychological capital and criminal thinking of prisoners in Bushehr city. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental and its design was pre-experimental-post-experimental-follow-up after two-month with the control group. The statistical population of this study was 895 male prisoners in Bushehr Central Prison in 2020. Forty prisoners were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control using a lottery. The research instruments included the Psychological Capital Questionnaire; PCQ (Luthans et al., 2007), and Criminal Thinking Scales; CTS (Knight et al., 2006). After receiving the pretest, acceptance and commitment therapy was performed in 8 sessions of 90 minutes for the intervention group, and the control group was on the waiting list. Data analysis was performed using Repeated measures ANOVA tests in SPSS-20. The results of the Bonferroni Subordinate Test showed the scores of self-efficacy, and optimism in the intervention group in the post-test stage increased significantly (P<0.05); However, this incremental effect remained significant in the follow-up phase in the component of self-efficacy (P<0.05); The results also showed that the scores of criminal thinking in the experimental group decreased in the post-test and follow-up stages (P<0.05). From the above results, it can be concluded that acceptance and commitment therapy is an effective intervention in improving self-efficacy, optimism and reducing criminal thinking in prisoners.}, Keywords = {self-efficacy, hope, optimism, resilience, Acceptance and commitment therapy, criminal thinking}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {239-250}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3171-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3171-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Layegh, Hoda and Ghorbani, Vajiheh and Soltanabadi, Samane and Mohammadpour, Mohsen and Gavahi, Samir}, title = {The relationship between positive and negative affect and psychosocial function in the corona epidemic: the mediating role of psychological resilience}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between positive and negative emotions and the psychosocial functioning of individuals during the corona. The design of the present study was descriptive correlation and path analysis was applied. The statistical population included Iranian adults, of which 461 people participated in this study by available sampling method. In order to collect data from the Psychosocial Performance Questionnaire during Covid-19 (PFC19) Arnold et al. (2021), Psychological Resilience (CD-RISC) Conner-Davidson (2003), and Positive and Negative Emotion ( PANAS) Watson, Clark and Telgen (1998) were used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and path analysis through SPSS-25 and AMOS-v22 software. The results showed that the proposed model fits well. In this model, positive and negative affect and psychological resilience had a direct and significant effect on psychosocial performance, and resilience mediated significantly between positive and negative affect and psychosocial performance. From the research findings, it can be concluded that e Positive and negative affect and psychological resilience have a direct and significant effect on the psychosocial function of individuals during the corona epidemic and resilience played a mediating role between positive and negative affect and psychosocial function (p<0.01). Based on these results, we can help improve positive emotions, increase psychological resilience, and reduce negative emotions in people to perform better in these situations.}, Keywords = {pandemic, Coronavirus, Psychological Resilience, Positive Affect, Negative Affect, Psychosocial Function.}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {251-260}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3232-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3232-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {Ghasemi, Azam and Keshmiri, Ali and Mohammadi, Sara and Sadatinezhad, Zahr}, title = {The effectiveness of rational-emotional behavior therapy (REBT) on behavioral activation / inhibition systems (BAS / BIS), high-risk sexual behaviors and experimental avoidance in adolescents with a history of running away from home}, abstract ={The main purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of rational-emotional behavior therapy (REBT) on behavioral activation/inhibition systems (BAS / BIS), high-risk sexual behaviors, and experimental avoidance in adolescents with a history of running away from home. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with the control group. The statistical population of the study included adolescents referring to transient harm reduction centers and night shelters for men and women in the Shush-Harandi area of Tehran in the first 6 months of 1400. Using the available sampling method, 30 people were selected and randomly selected. The experimental and control groups (15 people in each group) were assigned. The scale measuring tools were Inhibition / Behavioral Activation Systems (BIS/BAS) (Carver and White, 1994), the High-Risk Sexual Behaviors Questionnaire (RSBQ) (Zarei et al., 2010), and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ- II) (Band et al., 2011). Behavior therapy with REBT approach on behavioral activation/inhibition systems, high-risk sexual behaviors, and experimental avoidance was performed on the experimental group for 8 sessions of 90 minutes. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that group counseling with the REBT approach had an effect on reducing the symptoms of behavioral activation/inhibition systems, high-risk sexual behaviors, and experimental avoidance (P<0/05). Due to the effectiveness of rational-emotional behavior therapy on the symptoms of behavioral activation/inhibition systems, high-risk sexual behaviors, and experimental avoidance, it is recommended to conduct training workshops based on these concepts in harm reduction centers.}, Keywords = {Experimental Avoidance, Behavioral Inhibition, High Risk Sexual Behaviors, REBT Approach, Behavioral Activator}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {261-272}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3256-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3256-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {AhangarGhorbani, Zohreh and Atadokht, Akbar and Mikaeili, Nilofar and Hajloo, Nader}, title = {The Causal Relationship Between Creativity and Emotional Intelligence Mediated by Humor: A Study among Adolescents}, abstract ={Despite the growing importance of creativity in adolescents, creativity in adolescents is still a neglected discipline. The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between creativity and emotional intelligence with mediating of humor in adolescents. In regard to the purpose, this research was Fundamental, and in regard to procedure, it was a correlation study. The study community included all middle and high school ' students of Abbas Abad City in 2019-2020, among them 314(45boys, 269girls) students were selected as samples by available sampling. Research questionnaires included: the Abedi Creativity questionnaire (1993), the Bradbury-Graves Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (2005), and the  Humor Questionnaire(SHQ) (2009).  Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the results.  Findings showed that emotional intelligence on creativity was 0.63 (P <0.001), humor on creativity 0.16 (P <0.002), emotional intelligence on humor 0.50 (001 P <0.05 had a direct effect and the rate of the indirect effect of emotional intelligence on creativity mediated by humor was 0.10 (P <0.05). Therefore, based on the present results, we can understand the importance of the role of humor in the relationship between creativity and emotional intelligence of adolescents, and in this regard, the necessary measures can be used.}, Keywords = {Creativity, Emotional Intelligence, Humor, Adolescents}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {273-282}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3276-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3276-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} } @article{ author = {shafiee, Mohammad and Abbasi, Mohammad and Ghadampour, Ezatollah}, title = {The effect of perfectionism-focused cognitive, emotional and behavioral education on the quality of interpersonal communication, self-esteem and psychological well-being of gifted school students}, abstract ={The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral education focusing on perfectionism in the quality of interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, and psychological well-being of gifted high school students. This research was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test design and control group in terms of the data collection method. The statistical population includes all perfectionist students of gifted high schools in Lorestan province in the academic year 2020-2021. 30 participants were selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. research tools included Frost et al. (2011) Perfectionism Questionnaire (MPS), Pierce et al. (1991) (QRI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem (1965) (RSE), and Reef (1989) Psychological Well-Being (SPWB). Multivariate analysis of covariance was used for data analysis. The results showed that the designed cognitive, emotional, and behavioral intervention had a significant effect on improving interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, and psychological wellbeing (0.001). The results showed that the designed intervention in this study, which was based on the characteristics of perfectionists, can be used by school psychologists and counselors.}, Keywords = {Perfectionism, interpersonal relationships, self esteem, psychological wellbeing, gifted student}, volume = {10}, Number = {12}, pages = {283-294}, publisher = {Child Clinical Association}, url = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3295-en.html}, eprint = {http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-3295-en.pdf}, journal = {Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)}, issn = {2383-353X}, eissn = {2383-353X}, year = {2022} }