Rooyesh-e- Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)

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The main aim of the present research was to present the latest findings in the field of cognitive bias modification (CBM) studies, so as to contribute to the researchers’ knowledge base of CBM both theoretically and practically. Cognitive bias describes changes in information processing performance which are not necessarily resulted by a functionality defect. The first research works on this topic were focused on the modification of interpretive and attention biases. Most of the research works performed with the aim of CBM adopted different variants of the scenario-based training paradigm designed by Mathews and Macintosh. Compared to traditional treatment methodologies, the CBM-based approaches provided such advantages as being less overwhelming and more acceptable by patients. This is because the CBM avoids directly inspecting the patient’s personal thoughts and beliefs, does not required social interactions or visits that may incur stigma for the outpatient service center, and works without any need to patient’s insight into these methods. Indeed, the CBM directly targets the infrastructures retaining the cognitive biases, the infrastructures which traditional medical interventions such as cognitive-behavioral methodologies may solely hope to affect indirectly. Thus, it seems that such methods facilitate the patient’s engagement. Previous researches have shown, relatively strongly and consistently, that the modification of cognitive bias processes is feasible, but fail to provide much information about generalizability of such impacts. Therefore, in this review, an attempt was made to select the research where transmission of the impacts of CBM training was considered.

Keywords: cognitive bias modification, depression, anxiety, computerized and virtual interventions

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