Rooyesh-e- Ravanshenasi Journal(RRJ)

This article take a glance of three periods of psychoanalytic Criticism before Lacan. The first phase starts with flagship of Sigmund Freud, founder of psychoanalysis and he considers work of art as a kind of sublimation Mechanism which through forbidden and repressed impulses and wishes of unconsciousness unfold converted and novel and the work of art is the way that save the artist from disconnecting with reality and at the same time the actual treatment. The second phase or text-based criticism that was form between 1940 and 1950 influenced by New Criticism looks for meaning in the text but not in author^,s mind and denies existence of definite meaning in the text. The third or audience-oriented criticism came from the 1970s onwards. This approach puts special emphasis on the reader^,s place in the author-text-audience axis  and looks for meaning within the bilateral relationship between audience and text and  takes multiple meanings as a result of variety of  readers interaction with the same text.